What is the meaning of “usr”? [duplicate]












1
















This question already has an answer here:




  • How to understand the Ubuntu file system layout?

    6 answers




Does it mean "user"? I attempted to navigate to usr via cd however I received No such file or directory error.



I could only find in Russian the following information:




"/usr (от англ. User System Resources — системные ресурсы
пользователя) — каталог в UNIX-подобных системах, содержащий
динамически компонуемые программы, файлы пользователей и программы,
устанавливаемые вручную. В соответствии с FHS, монтируется на корневую
файловую систему и должен содержать только не изменяющиеся программами
данные (то есть /usr в режиме эксплуатации может быть смонтирован в
режиме «только для чтения» без ущерба для функциональности)[1].



Традиционная система подкаталогов /usr/ Вторичная иерархия для данных
пользователя; содержит большинство пользовательских приложений и
утилит, используемых в многопользовательском режиме. Может быть
смонтирована по сети только для чтения и быть общей для нескольких
машин[2]. /usr/bin/"




However, I don't understand.





Translation of the quote:



/usr ( from English "User System Resources" ) - catalogue/directory in UNIX-like systems, containing dynamically combined programs, user files and manually-installed programs. In accordance with FHS, it is mounted on root filesystem and must contain only data which is not to be modified by programs (that is to say, /usr in operational mode can be mounted as read-only without loss of functionality)



Traditional system of subdirectories /usr/ Secondary hierarchy for user's data; contain most user's applications andutilities, used in multiuser mode. Can be mounted over network only in read-only mode, and can be shared between multiple machines.










share|improve this question















marked as duplicate by Kevin Bowen, Eric Carvalho, Charles Green, Fabby, Volker Siegel Feb 24 at 2:33


This question has been asked before and already has an answer. If those answers do not fully address your question, please ask a new question.














  • 6





    What is the question? You gave the answer what usr means.

    – Pilot6
    Feb 23 at 8:56











  • I'll write an answer in English first, then translate it into Russian. So hold on there

    – Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
    Feb 23 at 9:36













  • cd /usr should not fail. Is your question about that? If so it's not a [mcve]. Or is it about what /usr is? If so it's mis-tagged.

    – Peter Cordes
    Feb 23 at 18:33











  • Be explicit with commands: does "navigate to usr via cd" cd usr or cd /usr? The second may, or may not do the same than the first. Depends on the current directory.

    – Volker Siegel
    Feb 24 at 2:32











  • Thank you to everybody. Sure that after I ask question - what I m so foolish and begin once and once more search. Ubuntu Linux is for me very new and difficult. + I'm 70... I read your answer more and more - from first time it does not come to my head

    – Anatoliy Dragan
    6 hours ago


















1
















This question already has an answer here:




  • How to understand the Ubuntu file system layout?

    6 answers




Does it mean "user"? I attempted to navigate to usr via cd however I received No such file or directory error.



I could only find in Russian the following information:




"/usr (от англ. User System Resources — системные ресурсы
пользователя) — каталог в UNIX-подобных системах, содержащий
динамически компонуемые программы, файлы пользователей и программы,
устанавливаемые вручную. В соответствии с FHS, монтируется на корневую
файловую систему и должен содержать только не изменяющиеся программами
данные (то есть /usr в режиме эксплуатации может быть смонтирован в
режиме «только для чтения» без ущерба для функциональности)[1].



Традиционная система подкаталогов /usr/ Вторичная иерархия для данных
пользователя; содержит большинство пользовательских приложений и
утилит, используемых в многопользовательском режиме. Может быть
смонтирована по сети только для чтения и быть общей для нескольких
машин[2]. /usr/bin/"




However, I don't understand.





Translation of the quote:



/usr ( from English "User System Resources" ) - catalogue/directory in UNIX-like systems, containing dynamically combined programs, user files and manually-installed programs. In accordance with FHS, it is mounted on root filesystem and must contain only data which is not to be modified by programs (that is to say, /usr in operational mode can be mounted as read-only without loss of functionality)



Traditional system of subdirectories /usr/ Secondary hierarchy for user's data; contain most user's applications andutilities, used in multiuser mode. Can be mounted over network only in read-only mode, and can be shared between multiple machines.










share|improve this question















marked as duplicate by Kevin Bowen, Eric Carvalho, Charles Green, Fabby, Volker Siegel Feb 24 at 2:33


This question has been asked before and already has an answer. If those answers do not fully address your question, please ask a new question.














  • 6





    What is the question? You gave the answer what usr means.

    – Pilot6
    Feb 23 at 8:56











  • I'll write an answer in English first, then translate it into Russian. So hold on there

    – Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
    Feb 23 at 9:36













  • cd /usr should not fail. Is your question about that? If so it's not a [mcve]. Or is it about what /usr is? If so it's mis-tagged.

    – Peter Cordes
    Feb 23 at 18:33











  • Be explicit with commands: does "navigate to usr via cd" cd usr or cd /usr? The second may, or may not do the same than the first. Depends on the current directory.

    – Volker Siegel
    Feb 24 at 2:32











  • Thank you to everybody. Sure that after I ask question - what I m so foolish and begin once and once more search. Ubuntu Linux is for me very new and difficult. + I'm 70... I read your answer more and more - from first time it does not come to my head

    – Anatoliy Dragan
    6 hours ago
















1












1








1


1







This question already has an answer here:




  • How to understand the Ubuntu file system layout?

    6 answers




Does it mean "user"? I attempted to navigate to usr via cd however I received No such file or directory error.



I could only find in Russian the following information:




"/usr (от англ. User System Resources — системные ресурсы
пользователя) — каталог в UNIX-подобных системах, содержащий
динамически компонуемые программы, файлы пользователей и программы,
устанавливаемые вручную. В соответствии с FHS, монтируется на корневую
файловую систему и должен содержать только не изменяющиеся программами
данные (то есть /usr в режиме эксплуатации может быть смонтирован в
режиме «только для чтения» без ущерба для функциональности)[1].



Традиционная система подкаталогов /usr/ Вторичная иерархия для данных
пользователя; содержит большинство пользовательских приложений и
утилит, используемых в многопользовательском режиме. Может быть
смонтирована по сети только для чтения и быть общей для нескольких
машин[2]. /usr/bin/"




However, I don't understand.





Translation of the quote:



/usr ( from English "User System Resources" ) - catalogue/directory in UNIX-like systems, containing dynamically combined programs, user files and manually-installed programs. In accordance with FHS, it is mounted on root filesystem and must contain only data which is not to be modified by programs (that is to say, /usr in operational mode can be mounted as read-only without loss of functionality)



Traditional system of subdirectories /usr/ Secondary hierarchy for user's data; contain most user's applications andutilities, used in multiuser mode. Can be mounted over network only in read-only mode, and can be shared between multiple machines.










share|improve this question

















This question already has an answer here:




  • How to understand the Ubuntu file system layout?

    6 answers




Does it mean "user"? I attempted to navigate to usr via cd however I received No such file or directory error.



I could only find in Russian the following information:




"/usr (от англ. User System Resources — системные ресурсы
пользователя) — каталог в UNIX-подобных системах, содержащий
динамически компонуемые программы, файлы пользователей и программы,
устанавливаемые вручную. В соответствии с FHS, монтируется на корневую
файловую систему и должен содержать только не изменяющиеся программами
данные (то есть /usr в режиме эксплуатации может быть смонтирован в
режиме «только для чтения» без ущерба для функциональности)[1].



Традиционная система подкаталогов /usr/ Вторичная иерархия для данных
пользователя; содержит большинство пользовательских приложений и
утилит, используемых в многопользовательском режиме. Может быть
смонтирована по сети только для чтения и быть общей для нескольких
машин[2]. /usr/bin/"




However, I don't understand.





Translation of the quote:



/usr ( from English "User System Resources" ) - catalogue/directory in UNIX-like systems, containing dynamically combined programs, user files and manually-installed programs. In accordance with FHS, it is mounted on root filesystem and must contain only data which is not to be modified by programs (that is to say, /usr in operational mode can be mounted as read-only without loss of functionality)



Traditional system of subdirectories /usr/ Secondary hierarchy for user's data; contain most user's applications andutilities, used in multiuser mode. Can be mounted over network only in read-only mode, and can be shared between multiple machines.





This question already has an answer here:




  • How to understand the Ubuntu file system layout?

    6 answers








command-line






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share|improve this question













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share|improve this question








edited Feb 23 at 9:35









Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy

73.3k9153318




73.3k9153318










asked Feb 23 at 8:33









Anatoliy DraganAnatoliy Dragan

403




403




marked as duplicate by Kevin Bowen, Eric Carvalho, Charles Green, Fabby, Volker Siegel Feb 24 at 2:33


This question has been asked before and already has an answer. If those answers do not fully address your question, please ask a new question.









marked as duplicate by Kevin Bowen, Eric Carvalho, Charles Green, Fabby, Volker Siegel Feb 24 at 2:33


This question has been asked before and already has an answer. If those answers do not fully address your question, please ask a new question.










  • 6





    What is the question? You gave the answer what usr means.

    – Pilot6
    Feb 23 at 8:56











  • I'll write an answer in English first, then translate it into Russian. So hold on there

    – Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
    Feb 23 at 9:36













  • cd /usr should not fail. Is your question about that? If so it's not a [mcve]. Or is it about what /usr is? If so it's mis-tagged.

    – Peter Cordes
    Feb 23 at 18:33











  • Be explicit with commands: does "navigate to usr via cd" cd usr or cd /usr? The second may, or may not do the same than the first. Depends on the current directory.

    – Volker Siegel
    Feb 24 at 2:32











  • Thank you to everybody. Sure that after I ask question - what I m so foolish and begin once and once more search. Ubuntu Linux is for me very new and difficult. + I'm 70... I read your answer more and more - from first time it does not come to my head

    – Anatoliy Dragan
    6 hours ago
















  • 6





    What is the question? You gave the answer what usr means.

    – Pilot6
    Feb 23 at 8:56











  • I'll write an answer in English first, then translate it into Russian. So hold on there

    – Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
    Feb 23 at 9:36













  • cd /usr should not fail. Is your question about that? If so it's not a [mcve]. Or is it about what /usr is? If so it's mis-tagged.

    – Peter Cordes
    Feb 23 at 18:33











  • Be explicit with commands: does "navigate to usr via cd" cd usr or cd /usr? The second may, or may not do the same than the first. Depends on the current directory.

    – Volker Siegel
    Feb 24 at 2:32











  • Thank you to everybody. Sure that after I ask question - what I m so foolish and begin once and once more search. Ubuntu Linux is for me very new and difficult. + I'm 70... I read your answer more and more - from first time it does not come to my head

    – Anatoliy Dragan
    6 hours ago










6




6





What is the question? You gave the answer what usr means.

– Pilot6
Feb 23 at 8:56





What is the question? You gave the answer what usr means.

– Pilot6
Feb 23 at 8:56













I'll write an answer in English first, then translate it into Russian. So hold on there

– Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
Feb 23 at 9:36







I'll write an answer in English first, then translate it into Russian. So hold on there

– Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
Feb 23 at 9:36















cd /usr should not fail. Is your question about that? If so it's not a [mcve]. Or is it about what /usr is? If so it's mis-tagged.

– Peter Cordes
Feb 23 at 18:33





cd /usr should not fail. Is your question about that? If so it's not a [mcve]. Or is it about what /usr is? If so it's mis-tagged.

– Peter Cordes
Feb 23 at 18:33













Be explicit with commands: does "navigate to usr via cd" cd usr or cd /usr? The second may, or may not do the same than the first. Depends on the current directory.

– Volker Siegel
Feb 24 at 2:32





Be explicit with commands: does "navigate to usr via cd" cd usr or cd /usr? The second may, or may not do the same than the first. Depends on the current directory.

– Volker Siegel
Feb 24 at 2:32













Thank you to everybody. Sure that after I ask question - what I m so foolish and begin once and once more search. Ubuntu Linux is for me very new and difficult. + I'm 70... I read your answer more and more - from first time it does not come to my head

– Anatoliy Dragan
6 hours ago







Thank you to everybody. Sure that after I ask question - what I m so foolish and begin once and once more search. Ubuntu Linux is for me very new and difficult. + I'm 70... I read your answer more and more - from first time it does not come to my head

– Anatoliy Dragan
6 hours ago












3 Answers
3






active

oldest

votes


















13














/usr nowadays stands for User System Resources. This directory contains most commands and executables files, libraries and documentation. In the early days of Unix, it was the directory where the users' home directories were placed (your user home directory would have been /usr/anatoly which now is /home/anatoly), so originally it stood for User.



See Chapter 1. Linux Filesystem Hierarchy for details.






share|improve this answer





















  • 1





    Change suggestion: 'stands for Unix System Resources.' => 'stands for Unix System Resources or as it is called sometimes as well Universal System Resources.'

    – Videonauth
    Feb 23 at 9:11











  • Thanks for suggesting the edit. According to The Linux Documentation Project 'usr' stands for 'User System Resources', so I changed the definition.

    – heiflo
    Feb 23 at 10:37








  • 6





    Who says it stands for (or originally stood for) "User System Resources"? Seems more likely that it's a back formation, and usr was originally just a way of saving a letter or two, in the same way that bin is short for binary (and a pun :-)) mv for move, cp for copy, &c.

    – jamesqf
    Feb 23 at 18:47






  • 2





    Yes, this will be a backronym. usr wasn't spelled user because back in those days all communication with the computer was via teletypes, which were hell on fingers, and by punch cards, which is why virtually everything is so abbreviated.

    – Michael Hampton
    Feb 23 at 20:43



















5














As has been explained in the quote in the question, /usr directory stands for User System Resources. According to Debian documentation this includes applications which are not mandatory for the system to boot, and shared data (for instance /usr/share/applications holds .desktop files which are sort of shortcuts to actual application executable).



Note that the quote mentions the /usr directory should be read-only and not modifiable by programs, which applies to /usr/lib because it contains shared libraries which are critical for proper functionality of applications. However, some content such as /usr/share/applications directory contains resources that are not system critical, and can be modified by admin-level user when necessary.





Как было указано в цитате которая приложена к вопросу, каталог (или директория) /usr имеет значение User System Resources — системные ресурсы пользователя. Согласно Debian документации это влючает программы которые не обязательны для загрузки системы и общие данные (к примеру, /usr/share/applications держит ссылки к программам). Важно заметить что в цитате сказано этот каталог должен быть смонтироват для чтения, что относится к таким под-каталогам как /usr/lib поскольку этот каталог включает общие библиотеки используемые многими программами что делает их критически важными. Но такие каталоги как /usr/share/applications не содержат системно-важных ресурсов и могут изменятся при необходимости административным пользователем.






share|improve this answer

































    2














    Thre is a /usr directory on Linux systems, used to hold resources used by everybody (typically all you applications are in /usr/bin, /usr/lib, and /usr/share).



    This directory is readable by all but only privileged users can write in it, which is rarely neededanyway since most files in /usr in managed by package managers (the apt... family, in Ubuntu).






    share|improve this answer
































      3 Answers
      3






      active

      oldest

      votes








      3 Answers
      3






      active

      oldest

      votes









      active

      oldest

      votes






      active

      oldest

      votes









      13














      /usr nowadays stands for User System Resources. This directory contains most commands and executables files, libraries and documentation. In the early days of Unix, it was the directory where the users' home directories were placed (your user home directory would have been /usr/anatoly which now is /home/anatoly), so originally it stood for User.



      See Chapter 1. Linux Filesystem Hierarchy for details.






      share|improve this answer





















      • 1





        Change suggestion: 'stands for Unix System Resources.' => 'stands for Unix System Resources or as it is called sometimes as well Universal System Resources.'

        – Videonauth
        Feb 23 at 9:11











      • Thanks for suggesting the edit. According to The Linux Documentation Project 'usr' stands for 'User System Resources', so I changed the definition.

        – heiflo
        Feb 23 at 10:37








      • 6





        Who says it stands for (or originally stood for) "User System Resources"? Seems more likely that it's a back formation, and usr was originally just a way of saving a letter or two, in the same way that bin is short for binary (and a pun :-)) mv for move, cp for copy, &c.

        – jamesqf
        Feb 23 at 18:47






      • 2





        Yes, this will be a backronym. usr wasn't spelled user because back in those days all communication with the computer was via teletypes, which were hell on fingers, and by punch cards, which is why virtually everything is so abbreviated.

        – Michael Hampton
        Feb 23 at 20:43
















      13














      /usr nowadays stands for User System Resources. This directory contains most commands and executables files, libraries and documentation. In the early days of Unix, it was the directory where the users' home directories were placed (your user home directory would have been /usr/anatoly which now is /home/anatoly), so originally it stood for User.



      See Chapter 1. Linux Filesystem Hierarchy for details.






      share|improve this answer





















      • 1





        Change suggestion: 'stands for Unix System Resources.' => 'stands for Unix System Resources or as it is called sometimes as well Universal System Resources.'

        – Videonauth
        Feb 23 at 9:11











      • Thanks for suggesting the edit. According to The Linux Documentation Project 'usr' stands for 'User System Resources', so I changed the definition.

        – heiflo
        Feb 23 at 10:37








      • 6





        Who says it stands for (or originally stood for) "User System Resources"? Seems more likely that it's a back formation, and usr was originally just a way of saving a letter or two, in the same way that bin is short for binary (and a pun :-)) mv for move, cp for copy, &c.

        – jamesqf
        Feb 23 at 18:47






      • 2





        Yes, this will be a backronym. usr wasn't spelled user because back in those days all communication with the computer was via teletypes, which were hell on fingers, and by punch cards, which is why virtually everything is so abbreviated.

        – Michael Hampton
        Feb 23 at 20:43














      13












      13








      13







      /usr nowadays stands for User System Resources. This directory contains most commands and executables files, libraries and documentation. In the early days of Unix, it was the directory where the users' home directories were placed (your user home directory would have been /usr/anatoly which now is /home/anatoly), so originally it stood for User.



      See Chapter 1. Linux Filesystem Hierarchy for details.






      share|improve this answer















      /usr nowadays stands for User System Resources. This directory contains most commands and executables files, libraries and documentation. In the early days of Unix, it was the directory where the users' home directories were placed (your user home directory would have been /usr/anatoly which now is /home/anatoly), so originally it stood for User.



      See Chapter 1. Linux Filesystem Hierarchy for details.







      share|improve this answer














      share|improve this answer



      share|improve this answer








      edited Feb 23 at 10:15

























      answered Feb 23 at 9:07









      heifloheiflo

      1314




      1314








      • 1





        Change suggestion: 'stands for Unix System Resources.' => 'stands for Unix System Resources or as it is called sometimes as well Universal System Resources.'

        – Videonauth
        Feb 23 at 9:11











      • Thanks for suggesting the edit. According to The Linux Documentation Project 'usr' stands for 'User System Resources', so I changed the definition.

        – heiflo
        Feb 23 at 10:37








      • 6





        Who says it stands for (or originally stood for) "User System Resources"? Seems more likely that it's a back formation, and usr was originally just a way of saving a letter or two, in the same way that bin is short for binary (and a pun :-)) mv for move, cp for copy, &c.

        – jamesqf
        Feb 23 at 18:47






      • 2





        Yes, this will be a backronym. usr wasn't spelled user because back in those days all communication with the computer was via teletypes, which were hell on fingers, and by punch cards, which is why virtually everything is so abbreviated.

        – Michael Hampton
        Feb 23 at 20:43














      • 1





        Change suggestion: 'stands for Unix System Resources.' => 'stands for Unix System Resources or as it is called sometimes as well Universal System Resources.'

        – Videonauth
        Feb 23 at 9:11











      • Thanks for suggesting the edit. According to The Linux Documentation Project 'usr' stands for 'User System Resources', so I changed the definition.

        – heiflo
        Feb 23 at 10:37








      • 6





        Who says it stands for (or originally stood for) "User System Resources"? Seems more likely that it's a back formation, and usr was originally just a way of saving a letter or two, in the same way that bin is short for binary (and a pun :-)) mv for move, cp for copy, &c.

        – jamesqf
        Feb 23 at 18:47






      • 2





        Yes, this will be a backronym. usr wasn't spelled user because back in those days all communication with the computer was via teletypes, which were hell on fingers, and by punch cards, which is why virtually everything is so abbreviated.

        – Michael Hampton
        Feb 23 at 20:43








      1




      1





      Change suggestion: 'stands for Unix System Resources.' => 'stands for Unix System Resources or as it is called sometimes as well Universal System Resources.'

      – Videonauth
      Feb 23 at 9:11





      Change suggestion: 'stands for Unix System Resources.' => 'stands for Unix System Resources or as it is called sometimes as well Universal System Resources.'

      – Videonauth
      Feb 23 at 9:11













      Thanks for suggesting the edit. According to The Linux Documentation Project 'usr' stands for 'User System Resources', so I changed the definition.

      – heiflo
      Feb 23 at 10:37







      Thanks for suggesting the edit. According to The Linux Documentation Project 'usr' stands for 'User System Resources', so I changed the definition.

      – heiflo
      Feb 23 at 10:37






      6




      6





      Who says it stands for (or originally stood for) "User System Resources"? Seems more likely that it's a back formation, and usr was originally just a way of saving a letter or two, in the same way that bin is short for binary (and a pun :-)) mv for move, cp for copy, &c.

      – jamesqf
      Feb 23 at 18:47





      Who says it stands for (or originally stood for) "User System Resources"? Seems more likely that it's a back formation, and usr was originally just a way of saving a letter or two, in the same way that bin is short for binary (and a pun :-)) mv for move, cp for copy, &c.

      – jamesqf
      Feb 23 at 18:47




      2




      2





      Yes, this will be a backronym. usr wasn't spelled user because back in those days all communication with the computer was via teletypes, which were hell on fingers, and by punch cards, which is why virtually everything is so abbreviated.

      – Michael Hampton
      Feb 23 at 20:43





      Yes, this will be a backronym. usr wasn't spelled user because back in those days all communication with the computer was via teletypes, which were hell on fingers, and by punch cards, which is why virtually everything is so abbreviated.

      – Michael Hampton
      Feb 23 at 20:43













      5














      As has been explained in the quote in the question, /usr directory stands for User System Resources. According to Debian documentation this includes applications which are not mandatory for the system to boot, and shared data (for instance /usr/share/applications holds .desktop files which are sort of shortcuts to actual application executable).



      Note that the quote mentions the /usr directory should be read-only and not modifiable by programs, which applies to /usr/lib because it contains shared libraries which are critical for proper functionality of applications. However, some content such as /usr/share/applications directory contains resources that are not system critical, and can be modified by admin-level user when necessary.





      Как было указано в цитате которая приложена к вопросу, каталог (или директория) /usr имеет значение User System Resources — системные ресурсы пользователя. Согласно Debian документации это влючает программы которые не обязательны для загрузки системы и общие данные (к примеру, /usr/share/applications держит ссылки к программам). Важно заметить что в цитате сказано этот каталог должен быть смонтироват для чтения, что относится к таким под-каталогам как /usr/lib поскольку этот каталог включает общие библиотеки используемые многими программами что делает их критически важными. Но такие каталоги как /usr/share/applications не содержат системно-важных ресурсов и могут изменятся при необходимости административным пользователем.






      share|improve this answer






























        5














        As has been explained in the quote in the question, /usr directory stands for User System Resources. According to Debian documentation this includes applications which are not mandatory for the system to boot, and shared data (for instance /usr/share/applications holds .desktop files which are sort of shortcuts to actual application executable).



        Note that the quote mentions the /usr directory should be read-only and not modifiable by programs, which applies to /usr/lib because it contains shared libraries which are critical for proper functionality of applications. However, some content such as /usr/share/applications directory contains resources that are not system critical, and can be modified by admin-level user when necessary.





        Как было указано в цитате которая приложена к вопросу, каталог (или директория) /usr имеет значение User System Resources — системные ресурсы пользователя. Согласно Debian документации это влючает программы которые не обязательны для загрузки системы и общие данные (к примеру, /usr/share/applications держит ссылки к программам). Важно заметить что в цитате сказано этот каталог должен быть смонтироват для чтения, что относится к таким под-каталогам как /usr/lib поскольку этот каталог включает общие библиотеки используемые многими программами что делает их критически важными. Но такие каталоги как /usr/share/applications не содержат системно-важных ресурсов и могут изменятся при необходимости административным пользователем.






        share|improve this answer




























          5












          5








          5







          As has been explained in the quote in the question, /usr directory stands for User System Resources. According to Debian documentation this includes applications which are not mandatory for the system to boot, and shared data (for instance /usr/share/applications holds .desktop files which are sort of shortcuts to actual application executable).



          Note that the quote mentions the /usr directory should be read-only and not modifiable by programs, which applies to /usr/lib because it contains shared libraries which are critical for proper functionality of applications. However, some content such as /usr/share/applications directory contains resources that are not system critical, and can be modified by admin-level user when necessary.





          Как было указано в цитате которая приложена к вопросу, каталог (или директория) /usr имеет значение User System Resources — системные ресурсы пользователя. Согласно Debian документации это влючает программы которые не обязательны для загрузки системы и общие данные (к примеру, /usr/share/applications держит ссылки к программам). Важно заметить что в цитате сказано этот каталог должен быть смонтироват для чтения, что относится к таким под-каталогам как /usr/lib поскольку этот каталог включает общие библиотеки используемые многими программами что делает их критически важными. Но такие каталоги как /usr/share/applications не содержат системно-важных ресурсов и могут изменятся при необходимости административным пользователем.






          share|improve this answer















          As has been explained in the quote in the question, /usr directory stands for User System Resources. According to Debian documentation this includes applications which are not mandatory for the system to boot, and shared data (for instance /usr/share/applications holds .desktop files which are sort of shortcuts to actual application executable).



          Note that the quote mentions the /usr directory should be read-only and not modifiable by programs, which applies to /usr/lib because it contains shared libraries which are critical for proper functionality of applications. However, some content such as /usr/share/applications directory contains resources that are not system critical, and can be modified by admin-level user when necessary.





          Как было указано в цитате которая приложена к вопросу, каталог (или директория) /usr имеет значение User System Resources — системные ресурсы пользователя. Согласно Debian документации это влючает программы которые не обязательны для загрузки системы и общие данные (к примеру, /usr/share/applications держит ссылки к программам). Важно заметить что в цитате сказано этот каталог должен быть смонтироват для чтения, что относится к таким под-каталогам как /usr/lib поскольку этот каталог включает общие библиотеки используемые многими программами что делает их критически важными. Но такие каталоги как /usr/share/applications не содержат системно-важных ресурсов и могут изменятся при необходимости административным пользователем.







          share|improve this answer














          share|improve this answer



          share|improve this answer








          edited Feb 23 at 10:14

























          answered Feb 23 at 10:02









          Sergiy KolodyazhnyySergiy Kolodyazhnyy

          73.3k9153318




          73.3k9153318























              2














              Thre is a /usr directory on Linux systems, used to hold resources used by everybody (typically all you applications are in /usr/bin, /usr/lib, and /usr/share).



              This directory is readable by all but only privileged users can write in it, which is rarely neededanyway since most files in /usr in managed by package managers (the apt... family, in Ubuntu).






              share|improve this answer






























                2














                Thre is a /usr directory on Linux systems, used to hold resources used by everybody (typically all you applications are in /usr/bin, /usr/lib, and /usr/share).



                This directory is readable by all but only privileged users can write in it, which is rarely neededanyway since most files in /usr in managed by package managers (the apt... family, in Ubuntu).






                share|improve this answer




























                  2












                  2








                  2







                  Thre is a /usr directory on Linux systems, used to hold resources used by everybody (typically all you applications are in /usr/bin, /usr/lib, and /usr/share).



                  This directory is readable by all but only privileged users can write in it, which is rarely neededanyway since most files in /usr in managed by package managers (the apt... family, in Ubuntu).






                  share|improve this answer















                  Thre is a /usr directory on Linux systems, used to hold resources used by everybody (typically all you applications are in /usr/bin, /usr/lib, and /usr/share).



                  This directory is readable by all but only privileged users can write in it, which is rarely neededanyway since most files in /usr in managed by package managers (the apt... family, in Ubuntu).







                  share|improve this answer














                  share|improve this answer



                  share|improve this answer








                  edited Feb 23 at 12:55

























                  answered Feb 23 at 9:21









                  xenoidxenoid

                  1,7531416




                  1,7531416















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