Numbers that can be expressed as the sum of two cubes in exactly two different ways












13












$begingroup$


It seems known that there are infinitely many numbers that can be expressed as a sum of two positive cubes in at least two different ways (per the answer to this post: Number Theory Taxicab Number).



We know that



$$1729 = 10^3+9^3 = 12^3 + 1^3,$$



and I am wondering if there are infinitely many numbers like this that can be expressed as the sum of two positive cubes in exactly two ways?



In fact, are there even any other such numbers?



EDIT:
As provided by MJD in the comments section, here are other examples:
$$4104 = 2^3+16^3 = 9^3+15^3,$$
$$13832 = 20^3+18^3=24^3+2^3,$$
$$20683 = 10^3 +27^3 = 19^3 +24^3.$$










share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$








  • 1




    $begingroup$
    A computer search should quickly find more examples. Because the roots are required to be positive, if you find that 192837465 (or whatever) is the sum of cubes in two ways, you only need to examines the sums of cubes of numbers up to $sqrt[3]{192837465}$ to verify that no other pairs add up to 192837465. This is easy.
    $endgroup$
    – MJD
    May 9 '15 at 22:37








  • 2




    $begingroup$
    The computer instantly finds further examples $4104 = 2^3+16^3 = 9^3+15^3, 13832 = 8cdot 1729, 20683 = 10^3+27^3 = 19^3+24^3$, 32832, 39312, 40033, ….
    $endgroup$
    – MJD
    May 9 '15 at 22:40








  • 1




    $begingroup$
    FYI : OEIS A001235
    $endgroup$
    – mathlove
    May 9 '15 at 22:43










  • $begingroup$
    @mathlove thanks, though that is a list of numbers that has at least two representations as a sum of two cubes. I see that some of MJD's examples are on that list as well.
    $endgroup$
    – Mankind
    May 9 '15 at 22:50






  • 4




    $begingroup$
    Here's the first thousand examples.
    $endgroup$
    – MJD
    May 9 '15 at 23:47
















13












$begingroup$


It seems known that there are infinitely many numbers that can be expressed as a sum of two positive cubes in at least two different ways (per the answer to this post: Number Theory Taxicab Number).



We know that



$$1729 = 10^3+9^3 = 12^3 + 1^3,$$



and I am wondering if there are infinitely many numbers like this that can be expressed as the sum of two positive cubes in exactly two ways?



In fact, are there even any other such numbers?



EDIT:
As provided by MJD in the comments section, here are other examples:
$$4104 = 2^3+16^3 = 9^3+15^3,$$
$$13832 = 20^3+18^3=24^3+2^3,$$
$$20683 = 10^3 +27^3 = 19^3 +24^3.$$










share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$








  • 1




    $begingroup$
    A computer search should quickly find more examples. Because the roots are required to be positive, if you find that 192837465 (or whatever) is the sum of cubes in two ways, you only need to examines the sums of cubes of numbers up to $sqrt[3]{192837465}$ to verify that no other pairs add up to 192837465. This is easy.
    $endgroup$
    – MJD
    May 9 '15 at 22:37








  • 2




    $begingroup$
    The computer instantly finds further examples $4104 = 2^3+16^3 = 9^3+15^3, 13832 = 8cdot 1729, 20683 = 10^3+27^3 = 19^3+24^3$, 32832, 39312, 40033, ….
    $endgroup$
    – MJD
    May 9 '15 at 22:40








  • 1




    $begingroup$
    FYI : OEIS A001235
    $endgroup$
    – mathlove
    May 9 '15 at 22:43










  • $begingroup$
    @mathlove thanks, though that is a list of numbers that has at least two representations as a sum of two cubes. I see that some of MJD's examples are on that list as well.
    $endgroup$
    – Mankind
    May 9 '15 at 22:50






  • 4




    $begingroup$
    Here's the first thousand examples.
    $endgroup$
    – MJD
    May 9 '15 at 23:47














13












13








13


6



$begingroup$


It seems known that there are infinitely many numbers that can be expressed as a sum of two positive cubes in at least two different ways (per the answer to this post: Number Theory Taxicab Number).



We know that



$$1729 = 10^3+9^3 = 12^3 + 1^3,$$



and I am wondering if there are infinitely many numbers like this that can be expressed as the sum of two positive cubes in exactly two ways?



In fact, are there even any other such numbers?



EDIT:
As provided by MJD in the comments section, here are other examples:
$$4104 = 2^3+16^3 = 9^3+15^3,$$
$$13832 = 20^3+18^3=24^3+2^3,$$
$$20683 = 10^3 +27^3 = 19^3 +24^3.$$










share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$




It seems known that there are infinitely many numbers that can be expressed as a sum of two positive cubes in at least two different ways (per the answer to this post: Number Theory Taxicab Number).



We know that



$$1729 = 10^3+9^3 = 12^3 + 1^3,$$



and I am wondering if there are infinitely many numbers like this that can be expressed as the sum of two positive cubes in exactly two ways?



In fact, are there even any other such numbers?



EDIT:
As provided by MJD in the comments section, here are other examples:
$$4104 = 2^3+16^3 = 9^3+15^3,$$
$$13832 = 20^3+18^3=24^3+2^3,$$
$$20683 = 10^3 +27^3 = 19^3 +24^3.$$







number-theory






share|cite|improve this question















share|cite|improve this question













share|cite|improve this question




share|cite|improve this question








edited Apr 13 '17 at 12:20









Community

1




1










asked May 9 '15 at 22:35









MankindMankind

10.4k72444




10.4k72444








  • 1




    $begingroup$
    A computer search should quickly find more examples. Because the roots are required to be positive, if you find that 192837465 (or whatever) is the sum of cubes in two ways, you only need to examines the sums of cubes of numbers up to $sqrt[3]{192837465}$ to verify that no other pairs add up to 192837465. This is easy.
    $endgroup$
    – MJD
    May 9 '15 at 22:37








  • 2




    $begingroup$
    The computer instantly finds further examples $4104 = 2^3+16^3 = 9^3+15^3, 13832 = 8cdot 1729, 20683 = 10^3+27^3 = 19^3+24^3$, 32832, 39312, 40033, ….
    $endgroup$
    – MJD
    May 9 '15 at 22:40








  • 1




    $begingroup$
    FYI : OEIS A001235
    $endgroup$
    – mathlove
    May 9 '15 at 22:43










  • $begingroup$
    @mathlove thanks, though that is a list of numbers that has at least two representations as a sum of two cubes. I see that some of MJD's examples are on that list as well.
    $endgroup$
    – Mankind
    May 9 '15 at 22:50






  • 4




    $begingroup$
    Here's the first thousand examples.
    $endgroup$
    – MJD
    May 9 '15 at 23:47














  • 1




    $begingroup$
    A computer search should quickly find more examples. Because the roots are required to be positive, if you find that 192837465 (or whatever) is the sum of cubes in two ways, you only need to examines the sums of cubes of numbers up to $sqrt[3]{192837465}$ to verify that no other pairs add up to 192837465. This is easy.
    $endgroup$
    – MJD
    May 9 '15 at 22:37








  • 2




    $begingroup$
    The computer instantly finds further examples $4104 = 2^3+16^3 = 9^3+15^3, 13832 = 8cdot 1729, 20683 = 10^3+27^3 = 19^3+24^3$, 32832, 39312, 40033, ….
    $endgroup$
    – MJD
    May 9 '15 at 22:40








  • 1




    $begingroup$
    FYI : OEIS A001235
    $endgroup$
    – mathlove
    May 9 '15 at 22:43










  • $begingroup$
    @mathlove thanks, though that is a list of numbers that has at least two representations as a sum of two cubes. I see that some of MJD's examples are on that list as well.
    $endgroup$
    – Mankind
    May 9 '15 at 22:50






  • 4




    $begingroup$
    Here's the first thousand examples.
    $endgroup$
    – MJD
    May 9 '15 at 23:47








1




1




$begingroup$
A computer search should quickly find more examples. Because the roots are required to be positive, if you find that 192837465 (or whatever) is the sum of cubes in two ways, you only need to examines the sums of cubes of numbers up to $sqrt[3]{192837465}$ to verify that no other pairs add up to 192837465. This is easy.
$endgroup$
– MJD
May 9 '15 at 22:37






$begingroup$
A computer search should quickly find more examples. Because the roots are required to be positive, if you find that 192837465 (or whatever) is the sum of cubes in two ways, you only need to examines the sums of cubes of numbers up to $sqrt[3]{192837465}$ to verify that no other pairs add up to 192837465. This is easy.
$endgroup$
– MJD
May 9 '15 at 22:37






2




2




$begingroup$
The computer instantly finds further examples $4104 = 2^3+16^3 = 9^3+15^3, 13832 = 8cdot 1729, 20683 = 10^3+27^3 = 19^3+24^3$, 32832, 39312, 40033, ….
$endgroup$
– MJD
May 9 '15 at 22:40






$begingroup$
The computer instantly finds further examples $4104 = 2^3+16^3 = 9^3+15^3, 13832 = 8cdot 1729, 20683 = 10^3+27^3 = 19^3+24^3$, 32832, 39312, 40033, ….
$endgroup$
– MJD
May 9 '15 at 22:40






1




1




$begingroup$
FYI : OEIS A001235
$endgroup$
– mathlove
May 9 '15 at 22:43




$begingroup$
FYI : OEIS A001235
$endgroup$
– mathlove
May 9 '15 at 22:43












$begingroup$
@mathlove thanks, though that is a list of numbers that has at least two representations as a sum of two cubes. I see that some of MJD's examples are on that list as well.
$endgroup$
– Mankind
May 9 '15 at 22:50




$begingroup$
@mathlove thanks, though that is a list of numbers that has at least two representations as a sum of two cubes. I see that some of MJD's examples are on that list as well.
$endgroup$
– Mankind
May 9 '15 at 22:50




4




4




$begingroup$
Here's the first thousand examples.
$endgroup$
– MJD
May 9 '15 at 23:47




$begingroup$
Here's the first thousand examples.
$endgroup$
– MJD
May 9 '15 at 23:47










1 Answer
1






active

oldest

votes


















14












$begingroup$

In the paper Characterizing the Sum of Two Cubes, Kevin Broughan gives the relevant theorem,



Theorem: Let $N$ be a positive integer. Then the equation $N = x^3 + y^3$ has a solution in positive integers $x,y$ if and only if the following conditions are satisfied:




  1. There exists a divisor $m|N$ with $N^{1/3}leq m leq (4N)^{1/3}.$


  2. And $sqrt{m^2-4frac{m^2-N/m}{3}}$ is an integer.



The sequence of integers $F(n)$,



$$begin{aligned}
F(n)
&= a^3+b^3 = (2 n + 6 n^2 + 6 n^3 + n^4)^3 + (n + 3 n^2 + 3 n^3 + 2 n^4)^3\
&= c^3+d^3 = (1 + 4 n + 6 n^2 + 5 n^3 + 2 n^4)^3 + (-1 - 4 n - 6 n^2 - 2 n^3 + n^4)^3
end{aligned}$$



for integer $n>3$ apparently is expressible as a sum of two positive integer cubes in exactly and only two ways.



$$begin{aligned}
F(4) &= 744^3+756^3 = 945^3+15^3\
F(5) &= 1535^3+1705^3 = 2046^3+204^3\
&;vdots\
F(60) &=14277720^3+26578860^3 = 27021841^3+12506159^3
end{aligned}$$



Using Broughan's theorem, I have tested $F(n)$ from $n=4-60$ and, per $n$, it has only two solutions $m$, implying in that range it is a sum of two cubes in only two ways. Can somebody with a faster computer and better code test it for a higher range and see when (if ever) the proposed statement breaks down? Incidentally, we have the nice relations,



$$a+b = 3n(n+1)^3$$



$$c+d = 3n^3(n+1)$$



Note: $F(60)$ is already much beyond the range of taxicab $T_3$ which is the smallest number that is the sum of two positive integer cubes in three ways.



$$T_3 approx 444.01^3 = 167^3+436^3 = 228^3+423^3 = 255^3+414^3$$



(Using the theorem, this yields 3 values for $m$.)






share|cite|improve this answer











$endgroup$













  • $begingroup$
    I don't know how you came up with this, but it looks great. I know you have to be careful with these things, seeing as you for small numbers don't have a lot of cubes to choose from, but being true for all of $F(4),ldots,F(26)$ sounds promising.
    $endgroup$
    – Mankind
    May 10 '15 at 17:05










  • $begingroup$
    @HowDoIMath: I found Broughan's theorem that enabled me to test $F(4),dots,F(60)$. Now it is even more promising.
    $endgroup$
    – Tito Piezas III
    May 11 '15 at 4:47










  • $begingroup$
    This is a nice find! As far as I can tell from having skimmed the proof in Broughan's paper, then the $m$ in the two decompositions of $F(n)$ as a sum of two cubes correspond to $m_1=3n^4+9n^3+9n^2+3n$ and to $m_2=3n^3+3n^4$ (here $m=u+v$, where $F(n)=u^3+v^3$). By the theorem, $sqrt{m^2-4frac{m^2-F(n)/m}{3}}$ is integer for $m=m_i$, $i=1,2$, The real question is then if $sqrt{m^2-4frac{m^2-F(n)/m}{3}}$ is integer for any other values of $m$, such that $m|F(n)$. This looks like a non-trivial problem though. :)
    $endgroup$
    – Mankind
    May 12 '15 at 18:47










  • $begingroup$
    @TitoPiezasIII: See Leonhard Euler, Disquitiones Artithmeticae, Vol. I, Ch. $272$, Pag. $556-576$.
    $endgroup$
    – Lucian
    Feb 23 '16 at 8:20










  • $begingroup$
    This holds for $Nle 200$. I'm not clear on how you came up with this formula, though, even given the paper quoted.
    $endgroup$
    – rogerl
    May 26 '16 at 18:08












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1 Answer
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active

oldest

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1 Answer
1






active

oldest

votes









active

oldest

votes






active

oldest

votes









14












$begingroup$

In the paper Characterizing the Sum of Two Cubes, Kevin Broughan gives the relevant theorem,



Theorem: Let $N$ be a positive integer. Then the equation $N = x^3 + y^3$ has a solution in positive integers $x,y$ if and only if the following conditions are satisfied:




  1. There exists a divisor $m|N$ with $N^{1/3}leq m leq (4N)^{1/3}.$


  2. And $sqrt{m^2-4frac{m^2-N/m}{3}}$ is an integer.



The sequence of integers $F(n)$,



$$begin{aligned}
F(n)
&= a^3+b^3 = (2 n + 6 n^2 + 6 n^3 + n^4)^3 + (n + 3 n^2 + 3 n^3 + 2 n^4)^3\
&= c^3+d^3 = (1 + 4 n + 6 n^2 + 5 n^3 + 2 n^4)^3 + (-1 - 4 n - 6 n^2 - 2 n^3 + n^4)^3
end{aligned}$$



for integer $n>3$ apparently is expressible as a sum of two positive integer cubes in exactly and only two ways.



$$begin{aligned}
F(4) &= 744^3+756^3 = 945^3+15^3\
F(5) &= 1535^3+1705^3 = 2046^3+204^3\
&;vdots\
F(60) &=14277720^3+26578860^3 = 27021841^3+12506159^3
end{aligned}$$



Using Broughan's theorem, I have tested $F(n)$ from $n=4-60$ and, per $n$, it has only two solutions $m$, implying in that range it is a sum of two cubes in only two ways. Can somebody with a faster computer and better code test it for a higher range and see when (if ever) the proposed statement breaks down? Incidentally, we have the nice relations,



$$a+b = 3n(n+1)^3$$



$$c+d = 3n^3(n+1)$$



Note: $F(60)$ is already much beyond the range of taxicab $T_3$ which is the smallest number that is the sum of two positive integer cubes in three ways.



$$T_3 approx 444.01^3 = 167^3+436^3 = 228^3+423^3 = 255^3+414^3$$



(Using the theorem, this yields 3 values for $m$.)






share|cite|improve this answer











$endgroup$













  • $begingroup$
    I don't know how you came up with this, but it looks great. I know you have to be careful with these things, seeing as you for small numbers don't have a lot of cubes to choose from, but being true for all of $F(4),ldots,F(26)$ sounds promising.
    $endgroup$
    – Mankind
    May 10 '15 at 17:05










  • $begingroup$
    @HowDoIMath: I found Broughan's theorem that enabled me to test $F(4),dots,F(60)$. Now it is even more promising.
    $endgroup$
    – Tito Piezas III
    May 11 '15 at 4:47










  • $begingroup$
    This is a nice find! As far as I can tell from having skimmed the proof in Broughan's paper, then the $m$ in the two decompositions of $F(n)$ as a sum of two cubes correspond to $m_1=3n^4+9n^3+9n^2+3n$ and to $m_2=3n^3+3n^4$ (here $m=u+v$, where $F(n)=u^3+v^3$). By the theorem, $sqrt{m^2-4frac{m^2-F(n)/m}{3}}$ is integer for $m=m_i$, $i=1,2$, The real question is then if $sqrt{m^2-4frac{m^2-F(n)/m}{3}}$ is integer for any other values of $m$, such that $m|F(n)$. This looks like a non-trivial problem though. :)
    $endgroup$
    – Mankind
    May 12 '15 at 18:47










  • $begingroup$
    @TitoPiezasIII: See Leonhard Euler, Disquitiones Artithmeticae, Vol. I, Ch. $272$, Pag. $556-576$.
    $endgroup$
    – Lucian
    Feb 23 '16 at 8:20










  • $begingroup$
    This holds for $Nle 200$. I'm not clear on how you came up with this formula, though, even given the paper quoted.
    $endgroup$
    – rogerl
    May 26 '16 at 18:08
















14












$begingroup$

In the paper Characterizing the Sum of Two Cubes, Kevin Broughan gives the relevant theorem,



Theorem: Let $N$ be a positive integer. Then the equation $N = x^3 + y^3$ has a solution in positive integers $x,y$ if and only if the following conditions are satisfied:




  1. There exists a divisor $m|N$ with $N^{1/3}leq m leq (4N)^{1/3}.$


  2. And $sqrt{m^2-4frac{m^2-N/m}{3}}$ is an integer.



The sequence of integers $F(n)$,



$$begin{aligned}
F(n)
&= a^3+b^3 = (2 n + 6 n^2 + 6 n^3 + n^4)^3 + (n + 3 n^2 + 3 n^3 + 2 n^4)^3\
&= c^3+d^3 = (1 + 4 n + 6 n^2 + 5 n^3 + 2 n^4)^3 + (-1 - 4 n - 6 n^2 - 2 n^3 + n^4)^3
end{aligned}$$



for integer $n>3$ apparently is expressible as a sum of two positive integer cubes in exactly and only two ways.



$$begin{aligned}
F(4) &= 744^3+756^3 = 945^3+15^3\
F(5) &= 1535^3+1705^3 = 2046^3+204^3\
&;vdots\
F(60) &=14277720^3+26578860^3 = 27021841^3+12506159^3
end{aligned}$$



Using Broughan's theorem, I have tested $F(n)$ from $n=4-60$ and, per $n$, it has only two solutions $m$, implying in that range it is a sum of two cubes in only two ways. Can somebody with a faster computer and better code test it for a higher range and see when (if ever) the proposed statement breaks down? Incidentally, we have the nice relations,



$$a+b = 3n(n+1)^3$$



$$c+d = 3n^3(n+1)$$



Note: $F(60)$ is already much beyond the range of taxicab $T_3$ which is the smallest number that is the sum of two positive integer cubes in three ways.



$$T_3 approx 444.01^3 = 167^3+436^3 = 228^3+423^3 = 255^3+414^3$$



(Using the theorem, this yields 3 values for $m$.)






share|cite|improve this answer











$endgroup$













  • $begingroup$
    I don't know how you came up with this, but it looks great. I know you have to be careful with these things, seeing as you for small numbers don't have a lot of cubes to choose from, but being true for all of $F(4),ldots,F(26)$ sounds promising.
    $endgroup$
    – Mankind
    May 10 '15 at 17:05










  • $begingroup$
    @HowDoIMath: I found Broughan's theorem that enabled me to test $F(4),dots,F(60)$. Now it is even more promising.
    $endgroup$
    – Tito Piezas III
    May 11 '15 at 4:47










  • $begingroup$
    This is a nice find! As far as I can tell from having skimmed the proof in Broughan's paper, then the $m$ in the two decompositions of $F(n)$ as a sum of two cubes correspond to $m_1=3n^4+9n^3+9n^2+3n$ and to $m_2=3n^3+3n^4$ (here $m=u+v$, where $F(n)=u^3+v^3$). By the theorem, $sqrt{m^2-4frac{m^2-F(n)/m}{3}}$ is integer for $m=m_i$, $i=1,2$, The real question is then if $sqrt{m^2-4frac{m^2-F(n)/m}{3}}$ is integer for any other values of $m$, such that $m|F(n)$. This looks like a non-trivial problem though. :)
    $endgroup$
    – Mankind
    May 12 '15 at 18:47










  • $begingroup$
    @TitoPiezasIII: See Leonhard Euler, Disquitiones Artithmeticae, Vol. I, Ch. $272$, Pag. $556-576$.
    $endgroup$
    – Lucian
    Feb 23 '16 at 8:20










  • $begingroup$
    This holds for $Nle 200$. I'm not clear on how you came up with this formula, though, even given the paper quoted.
    $endgroup$
    – rogerl
    May 26 '16 at 18:08














14












14








14





$begingroup$

In the paper Characterizing the Sum of Two Cubes, Kevin Broughan gives the relevant theorem,



Theorem: Let $N$ be a positive integer. Then the equation $N = x^3 + y^3$ has a solution in positive integers $x,y$ if and only if the following conditions are satisfied:




  1. There exists a divisor $m|N$ with $N^{1/3}leq m leq (4N)^{1/3}.$


  2. And $sqrt{m^2-4frac{m^2-N/m}{3}}$ is an integer.



The sequence of integers $F(n)$,



$$begin{aligned}
F(n)
&= a^3+b^3 = (2 n + 6 n^2 + 6 n^3 + n^4)^3 + (n + 3 n^2 + 3 n^3 + 2 n^4)^3\
&= c^3+d^3 = (1 + 4 n + 6 n^2 + 5 n^3 + 2 n^4)^3 + (-1 - 4 n - 6 n^2 - 2 n^3 + n^4)^3
end{aligned}$$



for integer $n>3$ apparently is expressible as a sum of two positive integer cubes in exactly and only two ways.



$$begin{aligned}
F(4) &= 744^3+756^3 = 945^3+15^3\
F(5) &= 1535^3+1705^3 = 2046^3+204^3\
&;vdots\
F(60) &=14277720^3+26578860^3 = 27021841^3+12506159^3
end{aligned}$$



Using Broughan's theorem, I have tested $F(n)$ from $n=4-60$ and, per $n$, it has only two solutions $m$, implying in that range it is a sum of two cubes in only two ways. Can somebody with a faster computer and better code test it for a higher range and see when (if ever) the proposed statement breaks down? Incidentally, we have the nice relations,



$$a+b = 3n(n+1)^3$$



$$c+d = 3n^3(n+1)$$



Note: $F(60)$ is already much beyond the range of taxicab $T_3$ which is the smallest number that is the sum of two positive integer cubes in three ways.



$$T_3 approx 444.01^3 = 167^3+436^3 = 228^3+423^3 = 255^3+414^3$$



(Using the theorem, this yields 3 values for $m$.)






share|cite|improve this answer











$endgroup$



In the paper Characterizing the Sum of Two Cubes, Kevin Broughan gives the relevant theorem,



Theorem: Let $N$ be a positive integer. Then the equation $N = x^3 + y^3$ has a solution in positive integers $x,y$ if and only if the following conditions are satisfied:




  1. There exists a divisor $m|N$ with $N^{1/3}leq m leq (4N)^{1/3}.$


  2. And $sqrt{m^2-4frac{m^2-N/m}{3}}$ is an integer.



The sequence of integers $F(n)$,



$$begin{aligned}
F(n)
&= a^3+b^3 = (2 n + 6 n^2 + 6 n^3 + n^4)^3 + (n + 3 n^2 + 3 n^3 + 2 n^4)^3\
&= c^3+d^3 = (1 + 4 n + 6 n^2 + 5 n^3 + 2 n^4)^3 + (-1 - 4 n - 6 n^2 - 2 n^3 + n^4)^3
end{aligned}$$



for integer $n>3$ apparently is expressible as a sum of two positive integer cubes in exactly and only two ways.



$$begin{aligned}
F(4) &= 744^3+756^3 = 945^3+15^3\
F(5) &= 1535^3+1705^3 = 2046^3+204^3\
&;vdots\
F(60) &=14277720^3+26578860^3 = 27021841^3+12506159^3
end{aligned}$$



Using Broughan's theorem, I have tested $F(n)$ from $n=4-60$ and, per $n$, it has only two solutions $m$, implying in that range it is a sum of two cubes in only two ways. Can somebody with a faster computer and better code test it for a higher range and see when (if ever) the proposed statement breaks down? Incidentally, we have the nice relations,



$$a+b = 3n(n+1)^3$$



$$c+d = 3n^3(n+1)$$



Note: $F(60)$ is already much beyond the range of taxicab $T_3$ which is the smallest number that is the sum of two positive integer cubes in three ways.



$$T_3 approx 444.01^3 = 167^3+436^3 = 228^3+423^3 = 255^3+414^3$$



(Using the theorem, this yields 3 values for $m$.)







share|cite|improve this answer














share|cite|improve this answer



share|cite|improve this answer








edited May 13 '15 at 1:19

























answered May 10 '15 at 5:22









Tito Piezas IIITito Piezas III

27.9k369179




27.9k369179












  • $begingroup$
    I don't know how you came up with this, but it looks great. I know you have to be careful with these things, seeing as you for small numbers don't have a lot of cubes to choose from, but being true for all of $F(4),ldots,F(26)$ sounds promising.
    $endgroup$
    – Mankind
    May 10 '15 at 17:05










  • $begingroup$
    @HowDoIMath: I found Broughan's theorem that enabled me to test $F(4),dots,F(60)$. Now it is even more promising.
    $endgroup$
    – Tito Piezas III
    May 11 '15 at 4:47










  • $begingroup$
    This is a nice find! As far as I can tell from having skimmed the proof in Broughan's paper, then the $m$ in the two decompositions of $F(n)$ as a sum of two cubes correspond to $m_1=3n^4+9n^3+9n^2+3n$ and to $m_2=3n^3+3n^4$ (here $m=u+v$, where $F(n)=u^3+v^3$). By the theorem, $sqrt{m^2-4frac{m^2-F(n)/m}{3}}$ is integer for $m=m_i$, $i=1,2$, The real question is then if $sqrt{m^2-4frac{m^2-F(n)/m}{3}}$ is integer for any other values of $m$, such that $m|F(n)$. This looks like a non-trivial problem though. :)
    $endgroup$
    – Mankind
    May 12 '15 at 18:47










  • $begingroup$
    @TitoPiezasIII: See Leonhard Euler, Disquitiones Artithmeticae, Vol. I, Ch. $272$, Pag. $556-576$.
    $endgroup$
    – Lucian
    Feb 23 '16 at 8:20










  • $begingroup$
    This holds for $Nle 200$. I'm not clear on how you came up with this formula, though, even given the paper quoted.
    $endgroup$
    – rogerl
    May 26 '16 at 18:08


















  • $begingroup$
    I don't know how you came up with this, but it looks great. I know you have to be careful with these things, seeing as you for small numbers don't have a lot of cubes to choose from, but being true for all of $F(4),ldots,F(26)$ sounds promising.
    $endgroup$
    – Mankind
    May 10 '15 at 17:05










  • $begingroup$
    @HowDoIMath: I found Broughan's theorem that enabled me to test $F(4),dots,F(60)$. Now it is even more promising.
    $endgroup$
    – Tito Piezas III
    May 11 '15 at 4:47










  • $begingroup$
    This is a nice find! As far as I can tell from having skimmed the proof in Broughan's paper, then the $m$ in the two decompositions of $F(n)$ as a sum of two cubes correspond to $m_1=3n^4+9n^3+9n^2+3n$ and to $m_2=3n^3+3n^4$ (here $m=u+v$, where $F(n)=u^3+v^3$). By the theorem, $sqrt{m^2-4frac{m^2-F(n)/m}{3}}$ is integer for $m=m_i$, $i=1,2$, The real question is then if $sqrt{m^2-4frac{m^2-F(n)/m}{3}}$ is integer for any other values of $m$, such that $m|F(n)$. This looks like a non-trivial problem though. :)
    $endgroup$
    – Mankind
    May 12 '15 at 18:47










  • $begingroup$
    @TitoPiezasIII: See Leonhard Euler, Disquitiones Artithmeticae, Vol. I, Ch. $272$, Pag. $556-576$.
    $endgroup$
    – Lucian
    Feb 23 '16 at 8:20










  • $begingroup$
    This holds for $Nle 200$. I'm not clear on how you came up with this formula, though, even given the paper quoted.
    $endgroup$
    – rogerl
    May 26 '16 at 18:08
















$begingroup$
I don't know how you came up with this, but it looks great. I know you have to be careful with these things, seeing as you for small numbers don't have a lot of cubes to choose from, but being true for all of $F(4),ldots,F(26)$ sounds promising.
$endgroup$
– Mankind
May 10 '15 at 17:05




$begingroup$
I don't know how you came up with this, but it looks great. I know you have to be careful with these things, seeing as you for small numbers don't have a lot of cubes to choose from, but being true for all of $F(4),ldots,F(26)$ sounds promising.
$endgroup$
– Mankind
May 10 '15 at 17:05












$begingroup$
@HowDoIMath: I found Broughan's theorem that enabled me to test $F(4),dots,F(60)$. Now it is even more promising.
$endgroup$
– Tito Piezas III
May 11 '15 at 4:47




$begingroup$
@HowDoIMath: I found Broughan's theorem that enabled me to test $F(4),dots,F(60)$. Now it is even more promising.
$endgroup$
– Tito Piezas III
May 11 '15 at 4:47












$begingroup$
This is a nice find! As far as I can tell from having skimmed the proof in Broughan's paper, then the $m$ in the two decompositions of $F(n)$ as a sum of two cubes correspond to $m_1=3n^4+9n^3+9n^2+3n$ and to $m_2=3n^3+3n^4$ (here $m=u+v$, where $F(n)=u^3+v^3$). By the theorem, $sqrt{m^2-4frac{m^2-F(n)/m}{3}}$ is integer for $m=m_i$, $i=1,2$, The real question is then if $sqrt{m^2-4frac{m^2-F(n)/m}{3}}$ is integer for any other values of $m$, such that $m|F(n)$. This looks like a non-trivial problem though. :)
$endgroup$
– Mankind
May 12 '15 at 18:47




$begingroup$
This is a nice find! As far as I can tell from having skimmed the proof in Broughan's paper, then the $m$ in the two decompositions of $F(n)$ as a sum of two cubes correspond to $m_1=3n^4+9n^3+9n^2+3n$ and to $m_2=3n^3+3n^4$ (here $m=u+v$, where $F(n)=u^3+v^3$). By the theorem, $sqrt{m^2-4frac{m^2-F(n)/m}{3}}$ is integer for $m=m_i$, $i=1,2$, The real question is then if $sqrt{m^2-4frac{m^2-F(n)/m}{3}}$ is integer for any other values of $m$, such that $m|F(n)$. This looks like a non-trivial problem though. :)
$endgroup$
– Mankind
May 12 '15 at 18:47












$begingroup$
@TitoPiezasIII: See Leonhard Euler, Disquitiones Artithmeticae, Vol. I, Ch. $272$, Pag. $556-576$.
$endgroup$
– Lucian
Feb 23 '16 at 8:20




$begingroup$
@TitoPiezasIII: See Leonhard Euler, Disquitiones Artithmeticae, Vol. I, Ch. $272$, Pag. $556-576$.
$endgroup$
– Lucian
Feb 23 '16 at 8:20












$begingroup$
This holds for $Nle 200$. I'm not clear on how you came up with this formula, though, even given the paper quoted.
$endgroup$
– rogerl
May 26 '16 at 18:08




$begingroup$
This holds for $Nle 200$. I'm not clear on how you came up with this formula, though, even given the paper quoted.
$endgroup$
– rogerl
May 26 '16 at 18:08


















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