Cfrgtkky

How to draw this diagram in TikZ?

I'm sorry for not providing an minimal example here, because I am totally stuck from the very first. I can't find a solution for many sub-problems which occured during my attempts. Here are the most difficult ones:

1. 
   The curved lines: They clearly should have the same center, but if I use that center, the height of the picture is extremely huge, which doesn't fit the page. If I use arc, I can avoid the unnecessary huge height, but it is too difficult to make the arcs concentric.


2. 
   The right angle notations: I found a solution: draw a small square that has the dashed line and the curves as two sides of it. Of course I can't use pic here (or can I?). But there are 8 such square here, so drawing such a large number of squares will make my code extremely long, which I don't like.


3. 
   The curved arrows: I think in and out is good, but it is too hard for me to find the coordinates and find the tangency angles. I am not "sensitive" in controls enough to find the control points.

Can you help me? Thank you in advance!

According to what I find you can get reasonable results by adjusting the looseness. (And you may draw the right angle symbols in a loop.)

documentclass[tikz,border=3.14mm]{standalone}

usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,bending}

begin{document}

begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1.5,font=sffamily]

 begin{scope}

 path[preaction={draw,thick},clip] (-4,3) rectangle (4,8);

 foreach Y [count=Z,evaluate=Z as Voltage using {int(440-Z*40)}] in {1.2,1.4,...,2.2}

  {draw (0,0) circle ({exp(Y)});

  node[rotate=-22.5,fill=white] at (67.5:{exp(Y)}){Voltage~V};}

 foreach X in {60,75,...,120}

  {draw[dashed] (0,0) -- ++ (X:10);

  foreach Y in {1.2,1.4,...,2.2}

  {draw  ({X-10/exp(Y)}:{exp(Y)}) -- ({X-10/exp(Y)}:{exp(Y)+0.2})

  -- ({X}:{exp(Y)+0.2});}}

 end{scope} 

 draw[thick,-{Stealth[length=2mm,bend]}] (-5.5,5.5) -- (-4,5.5) 

  to[out=0,in=-110] (0.5,8.5) node[right]{A};

 draw[thick,-{Stealth[length=2mm,bend]}] (-5.5,5.5) -- (-4,5.5) 

  to[out=0,in=-105,looseness=1.3] (75:8.7) node[right]{B};

 draw[thick,-{Stealth[length=2mm,bend]}] (-5.5,5.5) -- (-4,5.5) 

  to[out=0,in=95,looseness=0.8] (90:2.7) node[left]{C};

 draw[thick,-{Stealth[length=2mm,bend]}] (-5.5,5.5) -- (-4,5.5) 

  to[out=0,in=75,looseness=1.5] (75:2.7) node[right]{D};

 draw[thick,{Circle}-{Stealth[length=2mm,bend]}] (-5.5,5.5) -- (-4.5,5.5)

 node[midway,above]{$v$} node[midway,below,align=center]{charged\ particle};

end{tikzpicture}

end{document}

I do not know how inhomogeneous your field is. One could definitely also draw the circles according to Coulombs law.

documentclass[tikz,border=3.14mm]{standalone}

usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,bending}

begin{document}

begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1.5,font=sffamily]

 begin{scope}

  path[preaction={draw,thick},clip] (-4,3) rectangle (4,8);

  foreach Voltage in {440,400,...,200}

  {draw (0,0) circle ({4*(400/Voltage)});

  node[rotate=-22.5,fill=white] at (67.5:{4*(400/Voltage)}){Voltage~V};}

 foreach X in {60,75,...,120}

  {draw[dashed] (0,0) -- ++ (X:10);

  foreach Voltage in {440,400,...,200}

  {draw  ({X-2*Voltage/400}:{4*(400/Voltage)}) --

  ({X-2*Voltage/400)}:{4*(400/Voltage)+0.15})

  -- ({X}:{4*(400/Voltage)+0.15});}}

 end{scope} 

 draw[thick,-{Stealth[length=2mm,bend]}] (-5.5,5.5) -- (-4,5.5) 

  to[out=0,in=-110] (0.5,8.5) node[right]{A};

 draw[thick,-{Stealth[length=2mm,bend]}] (-5.5,5.5) -- (-4,5.5) 

  to[out=0,in=-105,looseness=1.3] (75:8.7) node[right]{B};

 draw[thick,-{Stealth[length=2mm,bend]}] (-5.5,5.5) -- (-4,5.5) 

  to[out=0,in=95,looseness=0.8] (90:2.7) node[left]{C};

 draw[thick,-{Stealth[length=2mm,bend]}] (-5.5,5.5) -- (-4,5.5) 

  to[out=0,in=75,looseness=1.5] (75:2.7) node[right]{D};

 draw[thick,{Circle}-{Stealth[length=2mm,bend]}] (-5.5,5.5) -- (-4.5,5.5)

 node[midway,above]{$v$} node[midway,below,align=center]{charged\ particle};

end{tikzpicture}

end{document}