Are all power cords made equal?
Referring to this type of power cords that either attach directly to the PSU, or to a power adapter that powers the monitor or laptop.
Is there anything to watch out for when swapping these cords, or do we only care about the adapter voltage/current requirements?
power
add a comment |
Referring to this type of power cords that either attach directly to the PSU, or to a power adapter that powers the monitor or laptop.
Is there anything to watch out for when swapping these cords, or do we only care about the adapter voltage/current requirements?
power
5
They are not equal but typically unless you connect a high power mainframe or want to have a thin cable for the notebook back you don’t have to care (you might however throw out some defective ones)
– eckes
Feb 22 at 16:34
1
Occasionally you may have need for a right-angle exit plug. Generally because of space requirements or other obstructions.
– Criggie
Feb 23 at 7:08
Sometimes kit may have cable retention, in the form of a clip or clamp that stops the plug falling out. Cisco switches/routers often have this, as do other brands. Certain power cables fit or don't fit,depending on where the ridges end up relative to the clamp.
– Criggie
Feb 23 at 7:09
@eckes That's simply not true, as indicated by Attie's answer. There's crap out there (usually Chinese export) that shouldn't be touched with a foot-long pole.
– Mast
Feb 23 at 22:28
1
I can’t be the only one that read the title and wondered why this wasn’t in music.stackexchange.com
– Fogmeister
Feb 23 at 22:37
add a comment |
Referring to this type of power cords that either attach directly to the PSU, or to a power adapter that powers the monitor or laptop.
Is there anything to watch out for when swapping these cords, or do we only care about the adapter voltage/current requirements?
power
Referring to this type of power cords that either attach directly to the PSU, or to a power adapter that powers the monitor or laptop.
Is there anything to watch out for when swapping these cords, or do we only care about the adapter voltage/current requirements?
power
power
edited Feb 21 at 21:48
JakeGould
31.6k1096138
31.6k1096138
asked Feb 21 at 10:06
Automator_EnthusiastAutomator_Enthusiast
389146
389146
5
They are not equal but typically unless you connect a high power mainframe or want to have a thin cable for the notebook back you don’t have to care (you might however throw out some defective ones)
– eckes
Feb 22 at 16:34
1
Occasionally you may have need for a right-angle exit plug. Generally because of space requirements or other obstructions.
– Criggie
Feb 23 at 7:08
Sometimes kit may have cable retention, in the form of a clip or clamp that stops the plug falling out. Cisco switches/routers often have this, as do other brands. Certain power cables fit or don't fit,depending on where the ridges end up relative to the clamp.
– Criggie
Feb 23 at 7:09
@eckes That's simply not true, as indicated by Attie's answer. There's crap out there (usually Chinese export) that shouldn't be touched with a foot-long pole.
– Mast
Feb 23 at 22:28
1
I can’t be the only one that read the title and wondered why this wasn’t in music.stackexchange.com
– Fogmeister
Feb 23 at 22:37
add a comment |
5
They are not equal but typically unless you connect a high power mainframe or want to have a thin cable for the notebook back you don’t have to care (you might however throw out some defective ones)
– eckes
Feb 22 at 16:34
1
Occasionally you may have need for a right-angle exit plug. Generally because of space requirements or other obstructions.
– Criggie
Feb 23 at 7:08
Sometimes kit may have cable retention, in the form of a clip or clamp that stops the plug falling out. Cisco switches/routers often have this, as do other brands. Certain power cables fit or don't fit,depending on where the ridges end up relative to the clamp.
– Criggie
Feb 23 at 7:09
@eckes That's simply not true, as indicated by Attie's answer. There's crap out there (usually Chinese export) that shouldn't be touched with a foot-long pole.
– Mast
Feb 23 at 22:28
1
I can’t be the only one that read the title and wondered why this wasn’t in music.stackexchange.com
– Fogmeister
Feb 23 at 22:37
5
5
They are not equal but typically unless you connect a high power mainframe or want to have a thin cable for the notebook back you don’t have to care (you might however throw out some defective ones)
– eckes
Feb 22 at 16:34
They are not equal but typically unless you connect a high power mainframe or want to have a thin cable for the notebook back you don’t have to care (you might however throw out some defective ones)
– eckes
Feb 22 at 16:34
1
1
Occasionally you may have need for a right-angle exit plug. Generally because of space requirements or other obstructions.
– Criggie
Feb 23 at 7:08
Occasionally you may have need for a right-angle exit plug. Generally because of space requirements or other obstructions.
– Criggie
Feb 23 at 7:08
Sometimes kit may have cable retention, in the form of a clip or clamp that stops the plug falling out. Cisco switches/routers often have this, as do other brands. Certain power cables fit or don't fit,depending on where the ridges end up relative to the clamp.
– Criggie
Feb 23 at 7:09
Sometimes kit may have cable retention, in the form of a clip or clamp that stops the plug falling out. Cisco switches/routers often have this, as do other brands. Certain power cables fit or don't fit,depending on where the ridges end up relative to the clamp.
– Criggie
Feb 23 at 7:09
@eckes That's simply not true, as indicated by Attie's answer. There's crap out there (usually Chinese export) that shouldn't be touched with a foot-long pole.
– Mast
Feb 23 at 22:28
@eckes That's simply not true, as indicated by Attie's answer. There's crap out there (usually Chinese export) that shouldn't be touched with a foot-long pole.
– Mast
Feb 23 at 22:28
1
1
I can’t be the only one that read the title and wondered why this wasn’t in music.stackexchange.com
– Fogmeister
Feb 23 at 22:37
I can’t be the only one that read the title and wondered why this wasn’t in music.stackexchange.com
– Fogmeister
Feb 23 at 22:37
add a comment |
6 Answers
6
active
oldest
votes
Are all power cords made equal?
Simple answer - NO.
Be on the lookout for poor quality cables, and throw them away... see below for more.
We are seeing more and more "unsuitable" cables packaged with things on eBay which have poor insulators, many strands of thin conductors, etc... look up "Big Clive" on YouTube for some interesting videos about such things.
For a good overview of poor cables, have a look at bigclivedotcom's "How to detect sh***y and dangerous aluminium flex" video...
Is there anything to watch out for when swapping these cords, or do we only care about the adapter voltage/current requirements?
Conductor Gauge
This is the diameter of the conductive wire inside the cable - see American Wire Gauge / AWG for a common measurement.
A thicker cable can carry more current, but costs more and is less flexible.
An important factor is voltage drop due to resistance, and the potentially dangerous side effect of internal heating which can lead to melting the insulators, fire, death, etc...
Conductor Material
Copper is a relatively good conductor of electricity (low resistance per distance), it's flexible, abundant, etc... This makes it quite suitable for use in cables. However, due to the demand for copper, it has become more expensive, and alternatives have appeared - in particular "copper coated aluminium". Aluminium being a worse conductor of electricity than copper (by for a given cross section - higher resistance per distance, approx 61% as good) raises the potential for internal heating, melting, fire, death, etc...
Strand Count
More strands of finer conductors can make the cable more flexible... which is pleasing to handle - but this can also cause problems and reduces the cable's ability to carry current.
This can also play into internal heating, melting, death, etc...
Insulation
Mains cables have been insulated by many things over the years - from fabrics, rubber, and various other materials.
You'll typically find that modern "mains" cables are double insulated, with PVC. By this I mean that each internal conductor has a layer of insulation (with the appropriate color), and the whole cable is then insulated by a second layer.
The material used plays an important part in the cable's resistance to heat and over-voltage situations.
Earthing
In the most extreme case, it's possible for cables to be constructed without an earth conductor. An interim is a down-rated earth conductor, or a single insulated earth conductor...
I presume you live in Europe, which I imagine means that you're also aware of unearthed connectors - like the Europlug for example, pictured below. Other places will also have similar things.
IEC 60320 outlines the C17 and C18 pair that do not have an earth pin. Luckily a cable like this will not mate with a C14 (the receptacle that mates with what you've pictured), but that doesn't stop misunderstandings or ignorance, and could almost be considered an invitation to omit the earth conductor...
The C17/C18 are used for the XBox, and while, strictly speaking, it's illegal to produce a non-earthed appliance without ensuring that it is "Double Insulated" (aka Class II), as touched on above, that might not stop everyone...
The UK requires a dummy earth pin for double-insulated appliances to open the socket's live and neutral receptacle (reason #1 to be a fan of the UK's connectors).
Fusing
Another thing that I am proud of the UK for is our 13A mains connectors - as outlined by BS 1363. I don't off the top of my head know of another major mains connector that has a fuse built-in - what you've pictured certainly doesn't, America doesn't, etc...
Without a fuse, you must ensure that all cables are able to carry the maximum current permitted by the outlet, as there isn't going to be a fuse until (hopefully) the appliance. This means that all cables must be heavy, of the full gauge, and expensive.
With the UK mains connector it is possible, though perhaps not necessarily a good idea (more on this below), to down-rate a cable or individual appliance - say to 3A, instead of the full 13A. Additionally, if a cable is overworked, the insulators melt, and a short occurs... the fuse should trip and make things safe - if the RCD that is hopefully in place hasn't done so already.
I suggested that down-rating isn't necessarily a good idea, because people are prone to going "Oh no, the fuse blew... I'll try a 13A one". And with some people you'd be lucky if they didn't wrap the old fuse in tin foil instead...
Durability and Strain Relief
Today, virtually every cable bundled with an appliance comes with connectors moulded into the ends. I believe the thinking behind this is that it's safer and prevents them from being rewired incorrectly. It also makes the wire-to-connector joint considerably stronger - protecting against the wire being "yanked" out of the connector, potentially revealing live conductors.
If the over moulding separates from the flex's insulation, or there is a gap between the two, then this extra "yank"-proofing is not present. This can be an indicator of a poor quality cable.
The over moulding also usually adds strain relief, which will prevent sharp bends at the connectors from splitting the insulation - again, potentially revealing live conductors.
Connectors that can be rewired will (should) have a clamp to offer such "yank"-proofing... but there is no guarantee that it hasn't been left loose, over-tightened or removed entirely. In addition to this, there is an amount of skill required to safely rewire connector - ensuring that the double insulation extends into the connector all the way, and none of the inner insulation is visible from outside.
8
What I recently saw in a Chinese cable is that the pins on the schuko plug where not actual metal pins but plastic pins with a very thin metal foil over them. I noticed because one of them just broke off. I wouldn't feel comfortable with high loads through this cable. So it's not only the cable that can be too thin.
– Josef
Feb 22 at 12:08
8
But it is funny that the UK safety 3pin plug injures more people than the US 2pin due to the shape of it, leaving the pins more often than not pointing upwards when not in use!
– Steven Martin
Feb 22 at 17:44
2
Offtopic, but you said something that got my interest. I'm not an electrician, but my father and grandfather were, so I know just about enough to be dangerous. On occasion I've wired some plugs and I know the "yank-proofing" clamp that you're talking about, but I've never thought you could over-tighten it. In fact, I've always tightened it as strongly as I could. What is the risk here and how much tightening is the "right" amount?
– Vilx-
Feb 22 at 21:13
3
"Aluminium being a worse conductor of electricity than copper (higher resistance per distance, approx 61% as good) raises the potential for internal heating, melting, fire, death, etc..." - a correctly-made aluminium cable is thicker than its copper equivalent to arrive at the same resistance a copper cable would have.
– Hobbes
Feb 22 at 21:17
2
@Vilx- I suspect with good quality insulation on the flex, and suitably malleable clamp you'd be fine to tighten all the way down... but with lower-quality insulation or a very rigid clamp... well, just remember that if you apply pressure enough either side of an insulated conductor, you'll end up displacing (cutting) the insulation with the conductor... which could lead to live exposed, shorts, fire, death, etc...
– Attie
Feb 22 at 23:28
|
show 20 more comments
If copper is as thick as declared (some Chinese cables sometimes aren't as thick as advertised: you can identify them because gets hot when used). 0,75mm^2 should be fine for any PC on both 110V and 230V. 0,75 flexy is often used in space heaters where current are 3x computer usage. So use good quality 3x0,75 flex cord would be fine for any apliances drawing up to 10A.
1
Honestly, I wouldn't pull 10 amps through a 0,75 squared if I had a choice. Cables that thin can't possibly be rated for that current. However, a computer PSU (which is about as much as OP will power indicated in the question), won't pull 10A. Not by a longshot. It's a computer, not a washing machine. I don't know where you got your numbers from, but they're wrong and don't have anything to do with this question.
– Mast
Feb 23 at 22:35
Agreed, 0.75mm square cable is good for 10 amps but only just if the installation conditions are ideal. Many things reduce the installation conditions from being ideal, nonetheless it will work up to its rating.
– Willtech
Feb 24 at 0:43
NEC rates #14 wire (2,08sqmm) at 15/20/25A in cases where the wire rising to 60/75/90 degrees C is tolerable. That assumes 25C ambient and in-walls with poor air cooling. Mind you, NEC numbers are very conservative compared to Europe. Rule of thumb in that neighborhood, go down 4 sizes, cut ampacity in half. Down 4 sizes is #18=0,823sqmm, which is a tick bigger than 0,75. #18 would be 7.5/10/12.5A. Also, UL allows higher ampacity than that on appliance cords. So 0,75 should be OK but don't bundle em.
– Harper
Feb 24 at 16:39
@Mast Fun fact. A computer that advertises itself as a "pro gaming computer" might in the US. There are 1000W powersupplies. Add 10% for losses to get 1.1kW. Divide by 120 to get 9.2A. So, it's not totally unreasonable.
– Patrick M
Feb 24 at 19:22
@PatrickM On 120V, sure. But those schuko's work a lot better on the EU net, carrying 230V. So half your amps.
– Mast
Feb 24 at 20:32
|
show 1 more comment
Have a look at the cables and their connectors and what they say. Unless you got some very cheap cables it should be fine to switch them around. Just by looking at their exterior you can't say much about the actual inner structure. The cable "gauge" is important for what you should be using it for but as it's a standard product there shouldn't be much variance unless you go for very cheap cables.
add a comment |
Look at the markings on the cable
Wire gauge
This will typically be in square millimeters or American Wire Gauge (AWG). (Above: 500 MCM is neither). You can look online to see if this satisfies your ampacity needs, keep in mind flexible cordage is allowed slightly higher amperes than would be permitted for in-building wiring where it is packed in with insulation.
Ampacity is determined by the cable's ability to shed heat, so it is limited by the diameter of the cable (which determines heat shed capacity) as much as wire gauge (which determines heat created).
This is also important if you like to bundle bunches of power cables for neatness. If it were permanent building wiring, you are not allowed to bundle more than 3-4 before being obliged to derate the cables, reduce their ampacity or upsize the wires. For instance I once wanted 7 circuits in a conduit. I would have had to derate from #12 wire (20A nominal) to #10 (30A nominal). Heat created is a square function of amperage, so 20A makes only 4/9 of the heat that 30A would.
UL Listing or equivalent - this takes care of so very much
Look for the mark of a recognized testing lab. That will ensure the cable is basically what it says it is. Note that CE is not a testing lab: it stands for "Chinese Excrement". Seriously, CE alone means no reputable lab would go near that thing. * The National Electrical Code (110.2, very first page) and most other Codes require you use equipment which is approved, and that means by a real lab (specifically a NRTL). Above: (UL). But check the factory molded plug and socket, as that's what certifies the assembly.
Any Competent-Lab approved cable will be made with appropriate cordage. But you can check that too.
Cable type
This will vary by nationality and you can look yours up. Cable type will also address environmental conditions, such as damp locations, outdoor, or high or low temperature locations. For instance a UL listing is not enough to establish that a cable is fit for corrosive environments.
The Respected Lab listing will take care of this for you, but you can also look for types fit for cordage (e.g. SJOOW in the US) not house wiring (e.g. NM, SER, UF, THHN). Any "fit for cordage" type will imply this is stranded wire, and will imply not aluminum unless the wire gauge is enormous. These are things you need to pay attention to if building your own cords from cordage and connectors.
Above: TYPE THHN OR THWN-2 means it's dual-rated for THHN and THWN-2. Whoops, this is wire, not cable, and not fit for cordage. But notice how every mark means something! Our example cord also calls out special UL categories for "AWM" and "Gasoline and Oil Resistant II".
Correct ends (obviously)
Things like right angle connectors, connector keying, etc. The UL etc. listing will assure ground wires are in the cable if the ends call for it.
Be aware that some high-power appliances may come with a "trick" version of the normal plug, that is keyed to fit only high-current versions of wall receptacles, e.g. the US NEMA 5-20 or Australian "tall prong" 20A plug/socket.
* CE is an "honor system" self-certification. It means the manufacturer promises they used non-lead solder and voluntarily adhered to many other care-of-construction standards; it has nothing to do with testing labs. The upside is that scamufacturers are less likely to counterfeit UL and other NRTL marks. Why risk it, CE fools 99% of people. Honestly, I halfway think CE did that on purpose to protect the genuine NRTL marks, it's like they "threw themselves on the grenade" of the counterfeiting problem.
New contributor
I have seen so many cheap, dangerous appliances with the CE stamp that I figured it was possibly forged. That is, stamped without approval of the CE body.
– dotancohen
Feb 25 at 12:46
@dotancohen yup. The CE body generally does not ever see an item with its mark, even if they are legit. CE is nothing but a promise.
– Harper
Feb 25 at 17:36
@Harger Thanks. In fact, the DOT tire standards are like that. The DOT never even sees the tire, the DOT stamp simply means that the manufacturer promises that the tire meets all speed and load requirements, and additionally is stamped with manufacture lot for possible recall.
– dotancohen
2 days ago
add a comment |
Well, there are C13, C15, C15A plugs for the various temperature grades. You cannot plug a cord for a cold computer into a hot water kettle, but the other way around is okay.
Also you can plug a grounded cord into an ungrounded appliance, but not the other way around.
See: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEC_60320
There are also some rare power cords with built-in EMI suppression coils and/or shielding. These are best used with the device they came with, e.g. a TV. That TV with a regular cord may not be EM compliant. The cords will fit other devices but they may run warm, and they are too .. exclusive.
add a comment |
In addition to other answers, I consider it necessary to pay attention to the presence of ground wire. Some cheap three-contact cables, especially from East Asian vendors, may have only two line/neutral wires but no ground wire inside.
It is impossible to detect ground wire presence/absence visually or by touch because the cable may be as thick and hard as normal three-wire cables. The best way to test the cable is to use an ohmmeter or a conductivity indicator.
New contributor
add a comment |
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6 Answers
6
active
oldest
votes
6 Answers
6
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
Are all power cords made equal?
Simple answer - NO.
Be on the lookout for poor quality cables, and throw them away... see below for more.
We are seeing more and more "unsuitable" cables packaged with things on eBay which have poor insulators, many strands of thin conductors, etc... look up "Big Clive" on YouTube for some interesting videos about such things.
For a good overview of poor cables, have a look at bigclivedotcom's "How to detect sh***y and dangerous aluminium flex" video...
Is there anything to watch out for when swapping these cords, or do we only care about the adapter voltage/current requirements?
Conductor Gauge
This is the diameter of the conductive wire inside the cable - see American Wire Gauge / AWG for a common measurement.
A thicker cable can carry more current, but costs more and is less flexible.
An important factor is voltage drop due to resistance, and the potentially dangerous side effect of internal heating which can lead to melting the insulators, fire, death, etc...
Conductor Material
Copper is a relatively good conductor of electricity (low resistance per distance), it's flexible, abundant, etc... This makes it quite suitable for use in cables. However, due to the demand for copper, it has become more expensive, and alternatives have appeared - in particular "copper coated aluminium". Aluminium being a worse conductor of electricity than copper (by for a given cross section - higher resistance per distance, approx 61% as good) raises the potential for internal heating, melting, fire, death, etc...
Strand Count
More strands of finer conductors can make the cable more flexible... which is pleasing to handle - but this can also cause problems and reduces the cable's ability to carry current.
This can also play into internal heating, melting, death, etc...
Insulation
Mains cables have been insulated by many things over the years - from fabrics, rubber, and various other materials.
You'll typically find that modern "mains" cables are double insulated, with PVC. By this I mean that each internal conductor has a layer of insulation (with the appropriate color), and the whole cable is then insulated by a second layer.
The material used plays an important part in the cable's resistance to heat and over-voltage situations.
Earthing
In the most extreme case, it's possible for cables to be constructed without an earth conductor. An interim is a down-rated earth conductor, or a single insulated earth conductor...
I presume you live in Europe, which I imagine means that you're also aware of unearthed connectors - like the Europlug for example, pictured below. Other places will also have similar things.
IEC 60320 outlines the C17 and C18 pair that do not have an earth pin. Luckily a cable like this will not mate with a C14 (the receptacle that mates with what you've pictured), but that doesn't stop misunderstandings or ignorance, and could almost be considered an invitation to omit the earth conductor...
The C17/C18 are used for the XBox, and while, strictly speaking, it's illegal to produce a non-earthed appliance without ensuring that it is "Double Insulated" (aka Class II), as touched on above, that might not stop everyone...
The UK requires a dummy earth pin for double-insulated appliances to open the socket's live and neutral receptacle (reason #1 to be a fan of the UK's connectors).
Fusing
Another thing that I am proud of the UK for is our 13A mains connectors - as outlined by BS 1363. I don't off the top of my head know of another major mains connector that has a fuse built-in - what you've pictured certainly doesn't, America doesn't, etc...
Without a fuse, you must ensure that all cables are able to carry the maximum current permitted by the outlet, as there isn't going to be a fuse until (hopefully) the appliance. This means that all cables must be heavy, of the full gauge, and expensive.
With the UK mains connector it is possible, though perhaps not necessarily a good idea (more on this below), to down-rate a cable or individual appliance - say to 3A, instead of the full 13A. Additionally, if a cable is overworked, the insulators melt, and a short occurs... the fuse should trip and make things safe - if the RCD that is hopefully in place hasn't done so already.
I suggested that down-rating isn't necessarily a good idea, because people are prone to going "Oh no, the fuse blew... I'll try a 13A one". And with some people you'd be lucky if they didn't wrap the old fuse in tin foil instead...
Durability and Strain Relief
Today, virtually every cable bundled with an appliance comes with connectors moulded into the ends. I believe the thinking behind this is that it's safer and prevents them from being rewired incorrectly. It also makes the wire-to-connector joint considerably stronger - protecting against the wire being "yanked" out of the connector, potentially revealing live conductors.
If the over moulding separates from the flex's insulation, or there is a gap between the two, then this extra "yank"-proofing is not present. This can be an indicator of a poor quality cable.
The over moulding also usually adds strain relief, which will prevent sharp bends at the connectors from splitting the insulation - again, potentially revealing live conductors.
Connectors that can be rewired will (should) have a clamp to offer such "yank"-proofing... but there is no guarantee that it hasn't been left loose, over-tightened or removed entirely. In addition to this, there is an amount of skill required to safely rewire connector - ensuring that the double insulation extends into the connector all the way, and none of the inner insulation is visible from outside.
8
What I recently saw in a Chinese cable is that the pins on the schuko plug where not actual metal pins but plastic pins with a very thin metal foil over them. I noticed because one of them just broke off. I wouldn't feel comfortable with high loads through this cable. So it's not only the cable that can be too thin.
– Josef
Feb 22 at 12:08
8
But it is funny that the UK safety 3pin plug injures more people than the US 2pin due to the shape of it, leaving the pins more often than not pointing upwards when not in use!
– Steven Martin
Feb 22 at 17:44
2
Offtopic, but you said something that got my interest. I'm not an electrician, but my father and grandfather were, so I know just about enough to be dangerous. On occasion I've wired some plugs and I know the "yank-proofing" clamp that you're talking about, but I've never thought you could over-tighten it. In fact, I've always tightened it as strongly as I could. What is the risk here and how much tightening is the "right" amount?
– Vilx-
Feb 22 at 21:13
3
"Aluminium being a worse conductor of electricity than copper (higher resistance per distance, approx 61% as good) raises the potential for internal heating, melting, fire, death, etc..." - a correctly-made aluminium cable is thicker than its copper equivalent to arrive at the same resistance a copper cable would have.
– Hobbes
Feb 22 at 21:17
2
@Vilx- I suspect with good quality insulation on the flex, and suitably malleable clamp you'd be fine to tighten all the way down... but with lower-quality insulation or a very rigid clamp... well, just remember that if you apply pressure enough either side of an insulated conductor, you'll end up displacing (cutting) the insulation with the conductor... which could lead to live exposed, shorts, fire, death, etc...
– Attie
Feb 22 at 23:28
|
show 20 more comments
Are all power cords made equal?
Simple answer - NO.
Be on the lookout for poor quality cables, and throw them away... see below for more.
We are seeing more and more "unsuitable" cables packaged with things on eBay which have poor insulators, many strands of thin conductors, etc... look up "Big Clive" on YouTube for some interesting videos about such things.
For a good overview of poor cables, have a look at bigclivedotcom's "How to detect sh***y and dangerous aluminium flex" video...
Is there anything to watch out for when swapping these cords, or do we only care about the adapter voltage/current requirements?
Conductor Gauge
This is the diameter of the conductive wire inside the cable - see American Wire Gauge / AWG for a common measurement.
A thicker cable can carry more current, but costs more and is less flexible.
An important factor is voltage drop due to resistance, and the potentially dangerous side effect of internal heating which can lead to melting the insulators, fire, death, etc...
Conductor Material
Copper is a relatively good conductor of electricity (low resistance per distance), it's flexible, abundant, etc... This makes it quite suitable for use in cables. However, due to the demand for copper, it has become more expensive, and alternatives have appeared - in particular "copper coated aluminium". Aluminium being a worse conductor of electricity than copper (by for a given cross section - higher resistance per distance, approx 61% as good) raises the potential for internal heating, melting, fire, death, etc...
Strand Count
More strands of finer conductors can make the cable more flexible... which is pleasing to handle - but this can also cause problems and reduces the cable's ability to carry current.
This can also play into internal heating, melting, death, etc...
Insulation
Mains cables have been insulated by many things over the years - from fabrics, rubber, and various other materials.
You'll typically find that modern "mains" cables are double insulated, with PVC. By this I mean that each internal conductor has a layer of insulation (with the appropriate color), and the whole cable is then insulated by a second layer.
The material used plays an important part in the cable's resistance to heat and over-voltage situations.
Earthing
In the most extreme case, it's possible for cables to be constructed without an earth conductor. An interim is a down-rated earth conductor, or a single insulated earth conductor...
I presume you live in Europe, which I imagine means that you're also aware of unearthed connectors - like the Europlug for example, pictured below. Other places will also have similar things.
IEC 60320 outlines the C17 and C18 pair that do not have an earth pin. Luckily a cable like this will not mate with a C14 (the receptacle that mates with what you've pictured), but that doesn't stop misunderstandings or ignorance, and could almost be considered an invitation to omit the earth conductor...
The C17/C18 are used for the XBox, and while, strictly speaking, it's illegal to produce a non-earthed appliance without ensuring that it is "Double Insulated" (aka Class II), as touched on above, that might not stop everyone...
The UK requires a dummy earth pin for double-insulated appliances to open the socket's live and neutral receptacle (reason #1 to be a fan of the UK's connectors).
Fusing
Another thing that I am proud of the UK for is our 13A mains connectors - as outlined by BS 1363. I don't off the top of my head know of another major mains connector that has a fuse built-in - what you've pictured certainly doesn't, America doesn't, etc...
Without a fuse, you must ensure that all cables are able to carry the maximum current permitted by the outlet, as there isn't going to be a fuse until (hopefully) the appliance. This means that all cables must be heavy, of the full gauge, and expensive.
With the UK mains connector it is possible, though perhaps not necessarily a good idea (more on this below), to down-rate a cable or individual appliance - say to 3A, instead of the full 13A. Additionally, if a cable is overworked, the insulators melt, and a short occurs... the fuse should trip and make things safe - if the RCD that is hopefully in place hasn't done so already.
I suggested that down-rating isn't necessarily a good idea, because people are prone to going "Oh no, the fuse blew... I'll try a 13A one". And with some people you'd be lucky if they didn't wrap the old fuse in tin foil instead...
Durability and Strain Relief
Today, virtually every cable bundled with an appliance comes with connectors moulded into the ends. I believe the thinking behind this is that it's safer and prevents them from being rewired incorrectly. It also makes the wire-to-connector joint considerably stronger - protecting against the wire being "yanked" out of the connector, potentially revealing live conductors.
If the over moulding separates from the flex's insulation, or there is a gap between the two, then this extra "yank"-proofing is not present. This can be an indicator of a poor quality cable.
The over moulding also usually adds strain relief, which will prevent sharp bends at the connectors from splitting the insulation - again, potentially revealing live conductors.
Connectors that can be rewired will (should) have a clamp to offer such "yank"-proofing... but there is no guarantee that it hasn't been left loose, over-tightened or removed entirely. In addition to this, there is an amount of skill required to safely rewire connector - ensuring that the double insulation extends into the connector all the way, and none of the inner insulation is visible from outside.
8
What I recently saw in a Chinese cable is that the pins on the schuko plug where not actual metal pins but plastic pins with a very thin metal foil over them. I noticed because one of them just broke off. I wouldn't feel comfortable with high loads through this cable. So it's not only the cable that can be too thin.
– Josef
Feb 22 at 12:08
8
But it is funny that the UK safety 3pin plug injures more people than the US 2pin due to the shape of it, leaving the pins more often than not pointing upwards when not in use!
– Steven Martin
Feb 22 at 17:44
2
Offtopic, but you said something that got my interest. I'm not an electrician, but my father and grandfather were, so I know just about enough to be dangerous. On occasion I've wired some plugs and I know the "yank-proofing" clamp that you're talking about, but I've never thought you could over-tighten it. In fact, I've always tightened it as strongly as I could. What is the risk here and how much tightening is the "right" amount?
– Vilx-
Feb 22 at 21:13
3
"Aluminium being a worse conductor of electricity than copper (higher resistance per distance, approx 61% as good) raises the potential for internal heating, melting, fire, death, etc..." - a correctly-made aluminium cable is thicker than its copper equivalent to arrive at the same resistance a copper cable would have.
– Hobbes
Feb 22 at 21:17
2
@Vilx- I suspect with good quality insulation on the flex, and suitably malleable clamp you'd be fine to tighten all the way down... but with lower-quality insulation or a very rigid clamp... well, just remember that if you apply pressure enough either side of an insulated conductor, you'll end up displacing (cutting) the insulation with the conductor... which could lead to live exposed, shorts, fire, death, etc...
– Attie
Feb 22 at 23:28
|
show 20 more comments
Are all power cords made equal?
Simple answer - NO.
Be on the lookout for poor quality cables, and throw them away... see below for more.
We are seeing more and more "unsuitable" cables packaged with things on eBay which have poor insulators, many strands of thin conductors, etc... look up "Big Clive" on YouTube for some interesting videos about such things.
For a good overview of poor cables, have a look at bigclivedotcom's "How to detect sh***y and dangerous aluminium flex" video...
Is there anything to watch out for when swapping these cords, or do we only care about the adapter voltage/current requirements?
Conductor Gauge
This is the diameter of the conductive wire inside the cable - see American Wire Gauge / AWG for a common measurement.
A thicker cable can carry more current, but costs more and is less flexible.
An important factor is voltage drop due to resistance, and the potentially dangerous side effect of internal heating which can lead to melting the insulators, fire, death, etc...
Conductor Material
Copper is a relatively good conductor of electricity (low resistance per distance), it's flexible, abundant, etc... This makes it quite suitable for use in cables. However, due to the demand for copper, it has become more expensive, and alternatives have appeared - in particular "copper coated aluminium". Aluminium being a worse conductor of electricity than copper (by for a given cross section - higher resistance per distance, approx 61% as good) raises the potential for internal heating, melting, fire, death, etc...
Strand Count
More strands of finer conductors can make the cable more flexible... which is pleasing to handle - but this can also cause problems and reduces the cable's ability to carry current.
This can also play into internal heating, melting, death, etc...
Insulation
Mains cables have been insulated by many things over the years - from fabrics, rubber, and various other materials.
You'll typically find that modern "mains" cables are double insulated, with PVC. By this I mean that each internal conductor has a layer of insulation (with the appropriate color), and the whole cable is then insulated by a second layer.
The material used plays an important part in the cable's resistance to heat and over-voltage situations.
Earthing
In the most extreme case, it's possible for cables to be constructed without an earth conductor. An interim is a down-rated earth conductor, or a single insulated earth conductor...
I presume you live in Europe, which I imagine means that you're also aware of unearthed connectors - like the Europlug for example, pictured below. Other places will also have similar things.
IEC 60320 outlines the C17 and C18 pair that do not have an earth pin. Luckily a cable like this will not mate with a C14 (the receptacle that mates with what you've pictured), but that doesn't stop misunderstandings or ignorance, and could almost be considered an invitation to omit the earth conductor...
The C17/C18 are used for the XBox, and while, strictly speaking, it's illegal to produce a non-earthed appliance without ensuring that it is "Double Insulated" (aka Class II), as touched on above, that might not stop everyone...
The UK requires a dummy earth pin for double-insulated appliances to open the socket's live and neutral receptacle (reason #1 to be a fan of the UK's connectors).
Fusing
Another thing that I am proud of the UK for is our 13A mains connectors - as outlined by BS 1363. I don't off the top of my head know of another major mains connector that has a fuse built-in - what you've pictured certainly doesn't, America doesn't, etc...
Without a fuse, you must ensure that all cables are able to carry the maximum current permitted by the outlet, as there isn't going to be a fuse until (hopefully) the appliance. This means that all cables must be heavy, of the full gauge, and expensive.
With the UK mains connector it is possible, though perhaps not necessarily a good idea (more on this below), to down-rate a cable or individual appliance - say to 3A, instead of the full 13A. Additionally, if a cable is overworked, the insulators melt, and a short occurs... the fuse should trip and make things safe - if the RCD that is hopefully in place hasn't done so already.
I suggested that down-rating isn't necessarily a good idea, because people are prone to going "Oh no, the fuse blew... I'll try a 13A one". And with some people you'd be lucky if they didn't wrap the old fuse in tin foil instead...
Durability and Strain Relief
Today, virtually every cable bundled with an appliance comes with connectors moulded into the ends. I believe the thinking behind this is that it's safer and prevents them from being rewired incorrectly. It also makes the wire-to-connector joint considerably stronger - protecting against the wire being "yanked" out of the connector, potentially revealing live conductors.
If the over moulding separates from the flex's insulation, or there is a gap between the two, then this extra "yank"-proofing is not present. This can be an indicator of a poor quality cable.
The over moulding also usually adds strain relief, which will prevent sharp bends at the connectors from splitting the insulation - again, potentially revealing live conductors.
Connectors that can be rewired will (should) have a clamp to offer such "yank"-proofing... but there is no guarantee that it hasn't been left loose, over-tightened or removed entirely. In addition to this, there is an amount of skill required to safely rewire connector - ensuring that the double insulation extends into the connector all the way, and none of the inner insulation is visible from outside.
Are all power cords made equal?
Simple answer - NO.
Be on the lookout for poor quality cables, and throw them away... see below for more.
We are seeing more and more "unsuitable" cables packaged with things on eBay which have poor insulators, many strands of thin conductors, etc... look up "Big Clive" on YouTube for some interesting videos about such things.
For a good overview of poor cables, have a look at bigclivedotcom's "How to detect sh***y and dangerous aluminium flex" video...
Is there anything to watch out for when swapping these cords, or do we only care about the adapter voltage/current requirements?
Conductor Gauge
This is the diameter of the conductive wire inside the cable - see American Wire Gauge / AWG for a common measurement.
A thicker cable can carry more current, but costs more and is less flexible.
An important factor is voltage drop due to resistance, and the potentially dangerous side effect of internal heating which can lead to melting the insulators, fire, death, etc...
Conductor Material
Copper is a relatively good conductor of electricity (low resistance per distance), it's flexible, abundant, etc... This makes it quite suitable for use in cables. However, due to the demand for copper, it has become more expensive, and alternatives have appeared - in particular "copper coated aluminium". Aluminium being a worse conductor of electricity than copper (by for a given cross section - higher resistance per distance, approx 61% as good) raises the potential for internal heating, melting, fire, death, etc...
Strand Count
More strands of finer conductors can make the cable more flexible... which is pleasing to handle - but this can also cause problems and reduces the cable's ability to carry current.
This can also play into internal heating, melting, death, etc...
Insulation
Mains cables have been insulated by many things over the years - from fabrics, rubber, and various other materials.
You'll typically find that modern "mains" cables are double insulated, with PVC. By this I mean that each internal conductor has a layer of insulation (with the appropriate color), and the whole cable is then insulated by a second layer.
The material used plays an important part in the cable's resistance to heat and over-voltage situations.
Earthing
In the most extreme case, it's possible for cables to be constructed without an earth conductor. An interim is a down-rated earth conductor, or a single insulated earth conductor...
I presume you live in Europe, which I imagine means that you're also aware of unearthed connectors - like the Europlug for example, pictured below. Other places will also have similar things.
IEC 60320 outlines the C17 and C18 pair that do not have an earth pin. Luckily a cable like this will not mate with a C14 (the receptacle that mates with what you've pictured), but that doesn't stop misunderstandings or ignorance, and could almost be considered an invitation to omit the earth conductor...
The C17/C18 are used for the XBox, and while, strictly speaking, it's illegal to produce a non-earthed appliance without ensuring that it is "Double Insulated" (aka Class II), as touched on above, that might not stop everyone...
The UK requires a dummy earth pin for double-insulated appliances to open the socket's live and neutral receptacle (reason #1 to be a fan of the UK's connectors).
Fusing
Another thing that I am proud of the UK for is our 13A mains connectors - as outlined by BS 1363. I don't off the top of my head know of another major mains connector that has a fuse built-in - what you've pictured certainly doesn't, America doesn't, etc...
Without a fuse, you must ensure that all cables are able to carry the maximum current permitted by the outlet, as there isn't going to be a fuse until (hopefully) the appliance. This means that all cables must be heavy, of the full gauge, and expensive.
With the UK mains connector it is possible, though perhaps not necessarily a good idea (more on this below), to down-rate a cable or individual appliance - say to 3A, instead of the full 13A. Additionally, if a cable is overworked, the insulators melt, and a short occurs... the fuse should trip and make things safe - if the RCD that is hopefully in place hasn't done so already.
I suggested that down-rating isn't necessarily a good idea, because people are prone to going "Oh no, the fuse blew... I'll try a 13A one". And with some people you'd be lucky if they didn't wrap the old fuse in tin foil instead...
Durability and Strain Relief
Today, virtually every cable bundled with an appliance comes with connectors moulded into the ends. I believe the thinking behind this is that it's safer and prevents them from being rewired incorrectly. It also makes the wire-to-connector joint considerably stronger - protecting against the wire being "yanked" out of the connector, potentially revealing live conductors.
If the over moulding separates from the flex's insulation, or there is a gap between the two, then this extra "yank"-proofing is not present. This can be an indicator of a poor quality cable.
The over moulding also usually adds strain relief, which will prevent sharp bends at the connectors from splitting the insulation - again, potentially revealing live conductors.
Connectors that can be rewired will (should) have a clamp to offer such "yank"-proofing... but there is no guarantee that it hasn't been left loose, over-tightened or removed entirely. In addition to this, there is an amount of skill required to safely rewire connector - ensuring that the double insulation extends into the connector all the way, and none of the inner insulation is visible from outside.
edited Feb 24 at 17:31
answered Feb 21 at 13:03
AttieAttie
11.6k32845
11.6k32845
8
What I recently saw in a Chinese cable is that the pins on the schuko plug where not actual metal pins but plastic pins with a very thin metal foil over them. I noticed because one of them just broke off. I wouldn't feel comfortable with high loads through this cable. So it's not only the cable that can be too thin.
– Josef
Feb 22 at 12:08
8
But it is funny that the UK safety 3pin plug injures more people than the US 2pin due to the shape of it, leaving the pins more often than not pointing upwards when not in use!
– Steven Martin
Feb 22 at 17:44
2
Offtopic, but you said something that got my interest. I'm not an electrician, but my father and grandfather were, so I know just about enough to be dangerous. On occasion I've wired some plugs and I know the "yank-proofing" clamp that you're talking about, but I've never thought you could over-tighten it. In fact, I've always tightened it as strongly as I could. What is the risk here and how much tightening is the "right" amount?
– Vilx-
Feb 22 at 21:13
3
"Aluminium being a worse conductor of electricity than copper (higher resistance per distance, approx 61% as good) raises the potential for internal heating, melting, fire, death, etc..." - a correctly-made aluminium cable is thicker than its copper equivalent to arrive at the same resistance a copper cable would have.
– Hobbes
Feb 22 at 21:17
2
@Vilx- I suspect with good quality insulation on the flex, and suitably malleable clamp you'd be fine to tighten all the way down... but with lower-quality insulation or a very rigid clamp... well, just remember that if you apply pressure enough either side of an insulated conductor, you'll end up displacing (cutting) the insulation with the conductor... which could lead to live exposed, shorts, fire, death, etc...
– Attie
Feb 22 at 23:28
|
show 20 more comments
8
What I recently saw in a Chinese cable is that the pins on the schuko plug where not actual metal pins but plastic pins with a very thin metal foil over them. I noticed because one of them just broke off. I wouldn't feel comfortable with high loads through this cable. So it's not only the cable that can be too thin.
– Josef
Feb 22 at 12:08
8
But it is funny that the UK safety 3pin plug injures more people than the US 2pin due to the shape of it, leaving the pins more often than not pointing upwards when not in use!
– Steven Martin
Feb 22 at 17:44
2
Offtopic, but you said something that got my interest. I'm not an electrician, but my father and grandfather were, so I know just about enough to be dangerous. On occasion I've wired some plugs and I know the "yank-proofing" clamp that you're talking about, but I've never thought you could over-tighten it. In fact, I've always tightened it as strongly as I could. What is the risk here and how much tightening is the "right" amount?
– Vilx-
Feb 22 at 21:13
3
"Aluminium being a worse conductor of electricity than copper (higher resistance per distance, approx 61% as good) raises the potential for internal heating, melting, fire, death, etc..." - a correctly-made aluminium cable is thicker than its copper equivalent to arrive at the same resistance a copper cable would have.
– Hobbes
Feb 22 at 21:17
2
@Vilx- I suspect with good quality insulation on the flex, and suitably malleable clamp you'd be fine to tighten all the way down... but with lower-quality insulation or a very rigid clamp... well, just remember that if you apply pressure enough either side of an insulated conductor, you'll end up displacing (cutting) the insulation with the conductor... which could lead to live exposed, shorts, fire, death, etc...
– Attie
Feb 22 at 23:28
8
8
What I recently saw in a Chinese cable is that the pins on the schuko plug where not actual metal pins but plastic pins with a very thin metal foil over them. I noticed because one of them just broke off. I wouldn't feel comfortable with high loads through this cable. So it's not only the cable that can be too thin.
– Josef
Feb 22 at 12:08
What I recently saw in a Chinese cable is that the pins on the schuko plug where not actual metal pins but plastic pins with a very thin metal foil over them. I noticed because one of them just broke off. I wouldn't feel comfortable with high loads through this cable. So it's not only the cable that can be too thin.
– Josef
Feb 22 at 12:08
8
8
But it is funny that the UK safety 3pin plug injures more people than the US 2pin due to the shape of it, leaving the pins more often than not pointing upwards when not in use!
– Steven Martin
Feb 22 at 17:44
But it is funny that the UK safety 3pin plug injures more people than the US 2pin due to the shape of it, leaving the pins more often than not pointing upwards when not in use!
– Steven Martin
Feb 22 at 17:44
2
2
Offtopic, but you said something that got my interest. I'm not an electrician, but my father and grandfather were, so I know just about enough to be dangerous. On occasion I've wired some plugs and I know the "yank-proofing" clamp that you're talking about, but I've never thought you could over-tighten it. In fact, I've always tightened it as strongly as I could. What is the risk here and how much tightening is the "right" amount?
– Vilx-
Feb 22 at 21:13
Offtopic, but you said something that got my interest. I'm not an electrician, but my father and grandfather were, so I know just about enough to be dangerous. On occasion I've wired some plugs and I know the "yank-proofing" clamp that you're talking about, but I've never thought you could over-tighten it. In fact, I've always tightened it as strongly as I could. What is the risk here and how much tightening is the "right" amount?
– Vilx-
Feb 22 at 21:13
3
3
"Aluminium being a worse conductor of electricity than copper (higher resistance per distance, approx 61% as good) raises the potential for internal heating, melting, fire, death, etc..." - a correctly-made aluminium cable is thicker than its copper equivalent to arrive at the same resistance a copper cable would have.
– Hobbes
Feb 22 at 21:17
"Aluminium being a worse conductor of electricity than copper (higher resistance per distance, approx 61% as good) raises the potential for internal heating, melting, fire, death, etc..." - a correctly-made aluminium cable is thicker than its copper equivalent to arrive at the same resistance a copper cable would have.
– Hobbes
Feb 22 at 21:17
2
2
@Vilx- I suspect with good quality insulation on the flex, and suitably malleable clamp you'd be fine to tighten all the way down... but with lower-quality insulation or a very rigid clamp... well, just remember that if you apply pressure enough either side of an insulated conductor, you'll end up displacing (cutting) the insulation with the conductor... which could lead to live exposed, shorts, fire, death, etc...
– Attie
Feb 22 at 23:28
@Vilx- I suspect with good quality insulation on the flex, and suitably malleable clamp you'd be fine to tighten all the way down... but with lower-quality insulation or a very rigid clamp... well, just remember that if you apply pressure enough either side of an insulated conductor, you'll end up displacing (cutting) the insulation with the conductor... which could lead to live exposed, shorts, fire, death, etc...
– Attie
Feb 22 at 23:28
|
show 20 more comments
If copper is as thick as declared (some Chinese cables sometimes aren't as thick as advertised: you can identify them because gets hot when used). 0,75mm^2 should be fine for any PC on both 110V and 230V. 0,75 flexy is often used in space heaters where current are 3x computer usage. So use good quality 3x0,75 flex cord would be fine for any apliances drawing up to 10A.
1
Honestly, I wouldn't pull 10 amps through a 0,75 squared if I had a choice. Cables that thin can't possibly be rated for that current. However, a computer PSU (which is about as much as OP will power indicated in the question), won't pull 10A. Not by a longshot. It's a computer, not a washing machine. I don't know where you got your numbers from, but they're wrong and don't have anything to do with this question.
– Mast
Feb 23 at 22:35
Agreed, 0.75mm square cable is good for 10 amps but only just if the installation conditions are ideal. Many things reduce the installation conditions from being ideal, nonetheless it will work up to its rating.
– Willtech
Feb 24 at 0:43
NEC rates #14 wire (2,08sqmm) at 15/20/25A in cases where the wire rising to 60/75/90 degrees C is tolerable. That assumes 25C ambient and in-walls with poor air cooling. Mind you, NEC numbers are very conservative compared to Europe. Rule of thumb in that neighborhood, go down 4 sizes, cut ampacity in half. Down 4 sizes is #18=0,823sqmm, which is a tick bigger than 0,75. #18 would be 7.5/10/12.5A. Also, UL allows higher ampacity than that on appliance cords. So 0,75 should be OK but don't bundle em.
– Harper
Feb 24 at 16:39
@Mast Fun fact. A computer that advertises itself as a "pro gaming computer" might in the US. There are 1000W powersupplies. Add 10% for losses to get 1.1kW. Divide by 120 to get 9.2A. So, it's not totally unreasonable.
– Patrick M
Feb 24 at 19:22
@PatrickM On 120V, sure. But those schuko's work a lot better on the EU net, carrying 230V. So half your amps.
– Mast
Feb 24 at 20:32
|
show 1 more comment
If copper is as thick as declared (some Chinese cables sometimes aren't as thick as advertised: you can identify them because gets hot when used). 0,75mm^2 should be fine for any PC on both 110V and 230V. 0,75 flexy is often used in space heaters where current are 3x computer usage. So use good quality 3x0,75 flex cord would be fine for any apliances drawing up to 10A.
1
Honestly, I wouldn't pull 10 amps through a 0,75 squared if I had a choice. Cables that thin can't possibly be rated for that current. However, a computer PSU (which is about as much as OP will power indicated in the question), won't pull 10A. Not by a longshot. It's a computer, not a washing machine. I don't know where you got your numbers from, but they're wrong and don't have anything to do with this question.
– Mast
Feb 23 at 22:35
Agreed, 0.75mm square cable is good for 10 amps but only just if the installation conditions are ideal. Many things reduce the installation conditions from being ideal, nonetheless it will work up to its rating.
– Willtech
Feb 24 at 0:43
NEC rates #14 wire (2,08sqmm) at 15/20/25A in cases where the wire rising to 60/75/90 degrees C is tolerable. That assumes 25C ambient and in-walls with poor air cooling. Mind you, NEC numbers are very conservative compared to Europe. Rule of thumb in that neighborhood, go down 4 sizes, cut ampacity in half. Down 4 sizes is #18=0,823sqmm, which is a tick bigger than 0,75. #18 would be 7.5/10/12.5A. Also, UL allows higher ampacity than that on appliance cords. So 0,75 should be OK but don't bundle em.
– Harper
Feb 24 at 16:39
@Mast Fun fact. A computer that advertises itself as a "pro gaming computer" might in the US. There are 1000W powersupplies. Add 10% for losses to get 1.1kW. Divide by 120 to get 9.2A. So, it's not totally unreasonable.
– Patrick M
Feb 24 at 19:22
@PatrickM On 120V, sure. But those schuko's work a lot better on the EU net, carrying 230V. So half your amps.
– Mast
Feb 24 at 20:32
|
show 1 more comment
If copper is as thick as declared (some Chinese cables sometimes aren't as thick as advertised: you can identify them because gets hot when used). 0,75mm^2 should be fine for any PC on both 110V and 230V. 0,75 flexy is often used in space heaters where current are 3x computer usage. So use good quality 3x0,75 flex cord would be fine for any apliances drawing up to 10A.
If copper is as thick as declared (some Chinese cables sometimes aren't as thick as advertised: you can identify them because gets hot when used). 0,75mm^2 should be fine for any PC on both 110V and 230V. 0,75 flexy is often used in space heaters where current are 3x computer usage. So use good quality 3x0,75 flex cord would be fine for any apliances drawing up to 10A.
edited Feb 21 at 21:49
JakeGould
31.6k1096138
31.6k1096138
answered Feb 21 at 11:25
DDSDDS
446311
446311
1
Honestly, I wouldn't pull 10 amps through a 0,75 squared if I had a choice. Cables that thin can't possibly be rated for that current. However, a computer PSU (which is about as much as OP will power indicated in the question), won't pull 10A. Not by a longshot. It's a computer, not a washing machine. I don't know where you got your numbers from, but they're wrong and don't have anything to do with this question.
– Mast
Feb 23 at 22:35
Agreed, 0.75mm square cable is good for 10 amps but only just if the installation conditions are ideal. Many things reduce the installation conditions from being ideal, nonetheless it will work up to its rating.
– Willtech
Feb 24 at 0:43
NEC rates #14 wire (2,08sqmm) at 15/20/25A in cases where the wire rising to 60/75/90 degrees C is tolerable. That assumes 25C ambient and in-walls with poor air cooling. Mind you, NEC numbers are very conservative compared to Europe. Rule of thumb in that neighborhood, go down 4 sizes, cut ampacity in half. Down 4 sizes is #18=0,823sqmm, which is a tick bigger than 0,75. #18 would be 7.5/10/12.5A. Also, UL allows higher ampacity than that on appliance cords. So 0,75 should be OK but don't bundle em.
– Harper
Feb 24 at 16:39
@Mast Fun fact. A computer that advertises itself as a "pro gaming computer" might in the US. There are 1000W powersupplies. Add 10% for losses to get 1.1kW. Divide by 120 to get 9.2A. So, it's not totally unreasonable.
– Patrick M
Feb 24 at 19:22
@PatrickM On 120V, sure. But those schuko's work a lot better on the EU net, carrying 230V. So half your amps.
– Mast
Feb 24 at 20:32
|
show 1 more comment
1
Honestly, I wouldn't pull 10 amps through a 0,75 squared if I had a choice. Cables that thin can't possibly be rated for that current. However, a computer PSU (which is about as much as OP will power indicated in the question), won't pull 10A. Not by a longshot. It's a computer, not a washing machine. I don't know where you got your numbers from, but they're wrong and don't have anything to do with this question.
– Mast
Feb 23 at 22:35
Agreed, 0.75mm square cable is good for 10 amps but only just if the installation conditions are ideal. Many things reduce the installation conditions from being ideal, nonetheless it will work up to its rating.
– Willtech
Feb 24 at 0:43
NEC rates #14 wire (2,08sqmm) at 15/20/25A in cases where the wire rising to 60/75/90 degrees C is tolerable. That assumes 25C ambient and in-walls with poor air cooling. Mind you, NEC numbers are very conservative compared to Europe. Rule of thumb in that neighborhood, go down 4 sizes, cut ampacity in half. Down 4 sizes is #18=0,823sqmm, which is a tick bigger than 0,75. #18 would be 7.5/10/12.5A. Also, UL allows higher ampacity than that on appliance cords. So 0,75 should be OK but don't bundle em.
– Harper
Feb 24 at 16:39
@Mast Fun fact. A computer that advertises itself as a "pro gaming computer" might in the US. There are 1000W powersupplies. Add 10% for losses to get 1.1kW. Divide by 120 to get 9.2A. So, it's not totally unreasonable.
– Patrick M
Feb 24 at 19:22
@PatrickM On 120V, sure. But those schuko's work a lot better on the EU net, carrying 230V. So half your amps.
– Mast
Feb 24 at 20:32
1
1
Honestly, I wouldn't pull 10 amps through a 0,75 squared if I had a choice. Cables that thin can't possibly be rated for that current. However, a computer PSU (which is about as much as OP will power indicated in the question), won't pull 10A. Not by a longshot. It's a computer, not a washing machine. I don't know where you got your numbers from, but they're wrong and don't have anything to do with this question.
– Mast
Feb 23 at 22:35
Honestly, I wouldn't pull 10 amps through a 0,75 squared if I had a choice. Cables that thin can't possibly be rated for that current. However, a computer PSU (which is about as much as OP will power indicated in the question), won't pull 10A. Not by a longshot. It's a computer, not a washing machine. I don't know where you got your numbers from, but they're wrong and don't have anything to do with this question.
– Mast
Feb 23 at 22:35
Agreed, 0.75mm square cable is good for 10 amps but only just if the installation conditions are ideal. Many things reduce the installation conditions from being ideal, nonetheless it will work up to its rating.
– Willtech
Feb 24 at 0:43
Agreed, 0.75mm square cable is good for 10 amps but only just if the installation conditions are ideal. Many things reduce the installation conditions from being ideal, nonetheless it will work up to its rating.
– Willtech
Feb 24 at 0:43
NEC rates #14 wire (2,08sqmm) at 15/20/25A in cases where the wire rising to 60/75/90 degrees C is tolerable. That assumes 25C ambient and in-walls with poor air cooling. Mind you, NEC numbers are very conservative compared to Europe. Rule of thumb in that neighborhood, go down 4 sizes, cut ampacity in half. Down 4 sizes is #18=0,823sqmm, which is a tick bigger than 0,75. #18 would be 7.5/10/12.5A. Also, UL allows higher ampacity than that on appliance cords. So 0,75 should be OK but don't bundle em.
– Harper
Feb 24 at 16:39
NEC rates #14 wire (2,08sqmm) at 15/20/25A in cases where the wire rising to 60/75/90 degrees C is tolerable. That assumes 25C ambient and in-walls with poor air cooling. Mind you, NEC numbers are very conservative compared to Europe. Rule of thumb in that neighborhood, go down 4 sizes, cut ampacity in half. Down 4 sizes is #18=0,823sqmm, which is a tick bigger than 0,75. #18 would be 7.5/10/12.5A. Also, UL allows higher ampacity than that on appliance cords. So 0,75 should be OK but don't bundle em.
– Harper
Feb 24 at 16:39
@Mast Fun fact. A computer that advertises itself as a "pro gaming computer" might in the US. There are 1000W powersupplies. Add 10% for losses to get 1.1kW. Divide by 120 to get 9.2A. So, it's not totally unreasonable.
– Patrick M
Feb 24 at 19:22
@Mast Fun fact. A computer that advertises itself as a "pro gaming computer" might in the US. There are 1000W powersupplies. Add 10% for losses to get 1.1kW. Divide by 120 to get 9.2A. So, it's not totally unreasonable.
– Patrick M
Feb 24 at 19:22
@PatrickM On 120V, sure. But those schuko's work a lot better on the EU net, carrying 230V. So half your amps.
– Mast
Feb 24 at 20:32
@PatrickM On 120V, sure. But those schuko's work a lot better on the EU net, carrying 230V. So half your amps.
– Mast
Feb 24 at 20:32
|
show 1 more comment
Have a look at the cables and their connectors and what they say. Unless you got some very cheap cables it should be fine to switch them around. Just by looking at their exterior you can't say much about the actual inner structure. The cable "gauge" is important for what you should be using it for but as it's a standard product there shouldn't be much variance unless you go for very cheap cables.
add a comment |
Have a look at the cables and their connectors and what they say. Unless you got some very cheap cables it should be fine to switch them around. Just by looking at their exterior you can't say much about the actual inner structure. The cable "gauge" is important for what you should be using it for but as it's a standard product there shouldn't be much variance unless you go for very cheap cables.
add a comment |
Have a look at the cables and their connectors and what they say. Unless you got some very cheap cables it should be fine to switch them around. Just by looking at their exterior you can't say much about the actual inner structure. The cable "gauge" is important for what you should be using it for but as it's a standard product there shouldn't be much variance unless you go for very cheap cables.
Have a look at the cables and their connectors and what they say. Unless you got some very cheap cables it should be fine to switch them around. Just by looking at their exterior you can't say much about the actual inner structure. The cable "gauge" is important for what you should be using it for but as it's a standard product there shouldn't be much variance unless you go for very cheap cables.
answered Feb 21 at 10:27
SethSeth
6,36611128
6,36611128
add a comment |
add a comment |
Look at the markings on the cable
Wire gauge
This will typically be in square millimeters or American Wire Gauge (AWG). (Above: 500 MCM is neither). You can look online to see if this satisfies your ampacity needs, keep in mind flexible cordage is allowed slightly higher amperes than would be permitted for in-building wiring where it is packed in with insulation.
Ampacity is determined by the cable's ability to shed heat, so it is limited by the diameter of the cable (which determines heat shed capacity) as much as wire gauge (which determines heat created).
This is also important if you like to bundle bunches of power cables for neatness. If it were permanent building wiring, you are not allowed to bundle more than 3-4 before being obliged to derate the cables, reduce their ampacity or upsize the wires. For instance I once wanted 7 circuits in a conduit. I would have had to derate from #12 wire (20A nominal) to #10 (30A nominal). Heat created is a square function of amperage, so 20A makes only 4/9 of the heat that 30A would.
UL Listing or equivalent - this takes care of so very much
Look for the mark of a recognized testing lab. That will ensure the cable is basically what it says it is. Note that CE is not a testing lab: it stands for "Chinese Excrement". Seriously, CE alone means no reputable lab would go near that thing. * The National Electrical Code (110.2, very first page) and most other Codes require you use equipment which is approved, and that means by a real lab (specifically a NRTL). Above: (UL). But check the factory molded plug and socket, as that's what certifies the assembly.
Any Competent-Lab approved cable will be made with appropriate cordage. But you can check that too.
Cable type
This will vary by nationality and you can look yours up. Cable type will also address environmental conditions, such as damp locations, outdoor, or high or low temperature locations. For instance a UL listing is not enough to establish that a cable is fit for corrosive environments.
The Respected Lab listing will take care of this for you, but you can also look for types fit for cordage (e.g. SJOOW in the US) not house wiring (e.g. NM, SER, UF, THHN). Any "fit for cordage" type will imply this is stranded wire, and will imply not aluminum unless the wire gauge is enormous. These are things you need to pay attention to if building your own cords from cordage and connectors.
Above: TYPE THHN OR THWN-2 means it's dual-rated for THHN and THWN-2. Whoops, this is wire, not cable, and not fit for cordage. But notice how every mark means something! Our example cord also calls out special UL categories for "AWM" and "Gasoline and Oil Resistant II".
Correct ends (obviously)
Things like right angle connectors, connector keying, etc. The UL etc. listing will assure ground wires are in the cable if the ends call for it.
Be aware that some high-power appliances may come with a "trick" version of the normal plug, that is keyed to fit only high-current versions of wall receptacles, e.g. the US NEMA 5-20 or Australian "tall prong" 20A plug/socket.
* CE is an "honor system" self-certification. It means the manufacturer promises they used non-lead solder and voluntarily adhered to many other care-of-construction standards; it has nothing to do with testing labs. The upside is that scamufacturers are less likely to counterfeit UL and other NRTL marks. Why risk it, CE fools 99% of people. Honestly, I halfway think CE did that on purpose to protect the genuine NRTL marks, it's like they "threw themselves on the grenade" of the counterfeiting problem.
New contributor
I have seen so many cheap, dangerous appliances with the CE stamp that I figured it was possibly forged. That is, stamped without approval of the CE body.
– dotancohen
Feb 25 at 12:46
@dotancohen yup. The CE body generally does not ever see an item with its mark, even if they are legit. CE is nothing but a promise.
– Harper
Feb 25 at 17:36
@Harger Thanks. In fact, the DOT tire standards are like that. The DOT never even sees the tire, the DOT stamp simply means that the manufacturer promises that the tire meets all speed and load requirements, and additionally is stamped with manufacture lot for possible recall.
– dotancohen
2 days ago
add a comment |
Look at the markings on the cable
Wire gauge
This will typically be in square millimeters or American Wire Gauge (AWG). (Above: 500 MCM is neither). You can look online to see if this satisfies your ampacity needs, keep in mind flexible cordage is allowed slightly higher amperes than would be permitted for in-building wiring where it is packed in with insulation.
Ampacity is determined by the cable's ability to shed heat, so it is limited by the diameter of the cable (which determines heat shed capacity) as much as wire gauge (which determines heat created).
This is also important if you like to bundle bunches of power cables for neatness. If it were permanent building wiring, you are not allowed to bundle more than 3-4 before being obliged to derate the cables, reduce their ampacity or upsize the wires. For instance I once wanted 7 circuits in a conduit. I would have had to derate from #12 wire (20A nominal) to #10 (30A nominal). Heat created is a square function of amperage, so 20A makes only 4/9 of the heat that 30A would.
UL Listing or equivalent - this takes care of so very much
Look for the mark of a recognized testing lab. That will ensure the cable is basically what it says it is. Note that CE is not a testing lab: it stands for "Chinese Excrement". Seriously, CE alone means no reputable lab would go near that thing. * The National Electrical Code (110.2, very first page) and most other Codes require you use equipment which is approved, and that means by a real lab (specifically a NRTL). Above: (UL). But check the factory molded plug and socket, as that's what certifies the assembly.
Any Competent-Lab approved cable will be made with appropriate cordage. But you can check that too.
Cable type
This will vary by nationality and you can look yours up. Cable type will also address environmental conditions, such as damp locations, outdoor, or high or low temperature locations. For instance a UL listing is not enough to establish that a cable is fit for corrosive environments.
The Respected Lab listing will take care of this for you, but you can also look for types fit for cordage (e.g. SJOOW in the US) not house wiring (e.g. NM, SER, UF, THHN). Any "fit for cordage" type will imply this is stranded wire, and will imply not aluminum unless the wire gauge is enormous. These are things you need to pay attention to if building your own cords from cordage and connectors.
Above: TYPE THHN OR THWN-2 means it's dual-rated for THHN and THWN-2. Whoops, this is wire, not cable, and not fit for cordage. But notice how every mark means something! Our example cord also calls out special UL categories for "AWM" and "Gasoline and Oil Resistant II".
Correct ends (obviously)
Things like right angle connectors, connector keying, etc. The UL etc. listing will assure ground wires are in the cable if the ends call for it.
Be aware that some high-power appliances may come with a "trick" version of the normal plug, that is keyed to fit only high-current versions of wall receptacles, e.g. the US NEMA 5-20 or Australian "tall prong" 20A plug/socket.
* CE is an "honor system" self-certification. It means the manufacturer promises they used non-lead solder and voluntarily adhered to many other care-of-construction standards; it has nothing to do with testing labs. The upside is that scamufacturers are less likely to counterfeit UL and other NRTL marks. Why risk it, CE fools 99% of people. Honestly, I halfway think CE did that on purpose to protect the genuine NRTL marks, it's like they "threw themselves on the grenade" of the counterfeiting problem.
New contributor
I have seen so many cheap, dangerous appliances with the CE stamp that I figured it was possibly forged. That is, stamped without approval of the CE body.
– dotancohen
Feb 25 at 12:46
@dotancohen yup. The CE body generally does not ever see an item with its mark, even if they are legit. CE is nothing but a promise.
– Harper
Feb 25 at 17:36
@Harger Thanks. In fact, the DOT tire standards are like that. The DOT never even sees the tire, the DOT stamp simply means that the manufacturer promises that the tire meets all speed and load requirements, and additionally is stamped with manufacture lot for possible recall.
– dotancohen
2 days ago
add a comment |
Look at the markings on the cable
Wire gauge
This will typically be in square millimeters or American Wire Gauge (AWG). (Above: 500 MCM is neither). You can look online to see if this satisfies your ampacity needs, keep in mind flexible cordage is allowed slightly higher amperes than would be permitted for in-building wiring where it is packed in with insulation.
Ampacity is determined by the cable's ability to shed heat, so it is limited by the diameter of the cable (which determines heat shed capacity) as much as wire gauge (which determines heat created).
This is also important if you like to bundle bunches of power cables for neatness. If it were permanent building wiring, you are not allowed to bundle more than 3-4 before being obliged to derate the cables, reduce their ampacity or upsize the wires. For instance I once wanted 7 circuits in a conduit. I would have had to derate from #12 wire (20A nominal) to #10 (30A nominal). Heat created is a square function of amperage, so 20A makes only 4/9 of the heat that 30A would.
UL Listing or equivalent - this takes care of so very much
Look for the mark of a recognized testing lab. That will ensure the cable is basically what it says it is. Note that CE is not a testing lab: it stands for "Chinese Excrement". Seriously, CE alone means no reputable lab would go near that thing. * The National Electrical Code (110.2, very first page) and most other Codes require you use equipment which is approved, and that means by a real lab (specifically a NRTL). Above: (UL). But check the factory molded plug and socket, as that's what certifies the assembly.
Any Competent-Lab approved cable will be made with appropriate cordage. But you can check that too.
Cable type
This will vary by nationality and you can look yours up. Cable type will also address environmental conditions, such as damp locations, outdoor, or high or low temperature locations. For instance a UL listing is not enough to establish that a cable is fit for corrosive environments.
The Respected Lab listing will take care of this for you, but you can also look for types fit for cordage (e.g. SJOOW in the US) not house wiring (e.g. NM, SER, UF, THHN). Any "fit for cordage" type will imply this is stranded wire, and will imply not aluminum unless the wire gauge is enormous. These are things you need to pay attention to if building your own cords from cordage and connectors.
Above: TYPE THHN OR THWN-2 means it's dual-rated for THHN and THWN-2. Whoops, this is wire, not cable, and not fit for cordage. But notice how every mark means something! Our example cord also calls out special UL categories for "AWM" and "Gasoline and Oil Resistant II".
Correct ends (obviously)
Things like right angle connectors, connector keying, etc. The UL etc. listing will assure ground wires are in the cable if the ends call for it.
Be aware that some high-power appliances may come with a "trick" version of the normal plug, that is keyed to fit only high-current versions of wall receptacles, e.g. the US NEMA 5-20 or Australian "tall prong" 20A plug/socket.
* CE is an "honor system" self-certification. It means the manufacturer promises they used non-lead solder and voluntarily adhered to many other care-of-construction standards; it has nothing to do with testing labs. The upside is that scamufacturers are less likely to counterfeit UL and other NRTL marks. Why risk it, CE fools 99% of people. Honestly, I halfway think CE did that on purpose to protect the genuine NRTL marks, it's like they "threw themselves on the grenade" of the counterfeiting problem.
New contributor
Look at the markings on the cable
Wire gauge
This will typically be in square millimeters or American Wire Gauge (AWG). (Above: 500 MCM is neither). You can look online to see if this satisfies your ampacity needs, keep in mind flexible cordage is allowed slightly higher amperes than would be permitted for in-building wiring where it is packed in with insulation.
Ampacity is determined by the cable's ability to shed heat, so it is limited by the diameter of the cable (which determines heat shed capacity) as much as wire gauge (which determines heat created).
This is also important if you like to bundle bunches of power cables for neatness. If it were permanent building wiring, you are not allowed to bundle more than 3-4 before being obliged to derate the cables, reduce their ampacity or upsize the wires. For instance I once wanted 7 circuits in a conduit. I would have had to derate from #12 wire (20A nominal) to #10 (30A nominal). Heat created is a square function of amperage, so 20A makes only 4/9 of the heat that 30A would.
UL Listing or equivalent - this takes care of so very much
Look for the mark of a recognized testing lab. That will ensure the cable is basically what it says it is. Note that CE is not a testing lab: it stands for "Chinese Excrement". Seriously, CE alone means no reputable lab would go near that thing. * The National Electrical Code (110.2, very first page) and most other Codes require you use equipment which is approved, and that means by a real lab (specifically a NRTL). Above: (UL). But check the factory molded plug and socket, as that's what certifies the assembly.
Any Competent-Lab approved cable will be made with appropriate cordage. But you can check that too.
Cable type
This will vary by nationality and you can look yours up. Cable type will also address environmental conditions, such as damp locations, outdoor, or high or low temperature locations. For instance a UL listing is not enough to establish that a cable is fit for corrosive environments.
The Respected Lab listing will take care of this for you, but you can also look for types fit for cordage (e.g. SJOOW in the US) not house wiring (e.g. NM, SER, UF, THHN). Any "fit for cordage" type will imply this is stranded wire, and will imply not aluminum unless the wire gauge is enormous. These are things you need to pay attention to if building your own cords from cordage and connectors.
Above: TYPE THHN OR THWN-2 means it's dual-rated for THHN and THWN-2. Whoops, this is wire, not cable, and not fit for cordage. But notice how every mark means something! Our example cord also calls out special UL categories for "AWM" and "Gasoline and Oil Resistant II".
Correct ends (obviously)
Things like right angle connectors, connector keying, etc. The UL etc. listing will assure ground wires are in the cable if the ends call for it.
Be aware that some high-power appliances may come with a "trick" version of the normal plug, that is keyed to fit only high-current versions of wall receptacles, e.g. the US NEMA 5-20 or Australian "tall prong" 20A plug/socket.
* CE is an "honor system" self-certification. It means the manufacturer promises they used non-lead solder and voluntarily adhered to many other care-of-construction standards; it has nothing to do with testing labs. The upside is that scamufacturers are less likely to counterfeit UL and other NRTL marks. Why risk it, CE fools 99% of people. Honestly, I halfway think CE did that on purpose to protect the genuine NRTL marks, it's like they "threw themselves on the grenade" of the counterfeiting problem.
New contributor
edited Feb 24 at 16:45
New contributor
answered Feb 24 at 11:28
HarperHarper
1392
1392
New contributor
New contributor
I have seen so many cheap, dangerous appliances with the CE stamp that I figured it was possibly forged. That is, stamped without approval of the CE body.
– dotancohen
Feb 25 at 12:46
@dotancohen yup. The CE body generally does not ever see an item with its mark, even if they are legit. CE is nothing but a promise.
– Harper
Feb 25 at 17:36
@Harger Thanks. In fact, the DOT tire standards are like that. The DOT never even sees the tire, the DOT stamp simply means that the manufacturer promises that the tire meets all speed and load requirements, and additionally is stamped with manufacture lot for possible recall.
– dotancohen
2 days ago
add a comment |
I have seen so many cheap, dangerous appliances with the CE stamp that I figured it was possibly forged. That is, stamped without approval of the CE body.
– dotancohen
Feb 25 at 12:46
@dotancohen yup. The CE body generally does not ever see an item with its mark, even if they are legit. CE is nothing but a promise.
– Harper
Feb 25 at 17:36
@Harger Thanks. In fact, the DOT tire standards are like that. The DOT never even sees the tire, the DOT stamp simply means that the manufacturer promises that the tire meets all speed and load requirements, and additionally is stamped with manufacture lot for possible recall.
– dotancohen
2 days ago
I have seen so many cheap, dangerous appliances with the CE stamp that I figured it was possibly forged. That is, stamped without approval of the CE body.
– dotancohen
Feb 25 at 12:46
I have seen so many cheap, dangerous appliances with the CE stamp that I figured it was possibly forged. That is, stamped without approval of the CE body.
– dotancohen
Feb 25 at 12:46
@dotancohen yup. The CE body generally does not ever see an item with its mark, even if they are legit. CE is nothing but a promise.
– Harper
Feb 25 at 17:36
@dotancohen yup. The CE body generally does not ever see an item with its mark, even if they are legit. CE is nothing but a promise.
– Harper
Feb 25 at 17:36
@Harger Thanks. In fact, the DOT tire standards are like that. The DOT never even sees the tire, the DOT stamp simply means that the manufacturer promises that the tire meets all speed and load requirements, and additionally is stamped with manufacture lot for possible recall.
– dotancohen
2 days ago
@Harger Thanks. In fact, the DOT tire standards are like that. The DOT never even sees the tire, the DOT stamp simply means that the manufacturer promises that the tire meets all speed and load requirements, and additionally is stamped with manufacture lot for possible recall.
– dotancohen
2 days ago
add a comment |
Well, there are C13, C15, C15A plugs for the various temperature grades. You cannot plug a cord for a cold computer into a hot water kettle, but the other way around is okay.
Also you can plug a grounded cord into an ungrounded appliance, but not the other way around.
See: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEC_60320
There are also some rare power cords with built-in EMI suppression coils and/or shielding. These are best used with the device they came with, e.g. a TV. That TV with a regular cord may not be EM compliant. The cords will fit other devices but they may run warm, and they are too .. exclusive.
add a comment |
Well, there are C13, C15, C15A plugs for the various temperature grades. You cannot plug a cord for a cold computer into a hot water kettle, but the other way around is okay.
Also you can plug a grounded cord into an ungrounded appliance, but not the other way around.
See: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEC_60320
There are also some rare power cords with built-in EMI suppression coils and/or shielding. These are best used with the device they came with, e.g. a TV. That TV with a regular cord may not be EM compliant. The cords will fit other devices but they may run warm, and they are too .. exclusive.
add a comment |
Well, there are C13, C15, C15A plugs for the various temperature grades. You cannot plug a cord for a cold computer into a hot water kettle, but the other way around is okay.
Also you can plug a grounded cord into an ungrounded appliance, but not the other way around.
See: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEC_60320
There are also some rare power cords with built-in EMI suppression coils and/or shielding. These are best used with the device they came with, e.g. a TV. That TV with a regular cord may not be EM compliant. The cords will fit other devices but they may run warm, and they are too .. exclusive.
Well, there are C13, C15, C15A plugs for the various temperature grades. You cannot plug a cord for a cold computer into a hot water kettle, but the other way around is okay.
Also you can plug a grounded cord into an ungrounded appliance, but not the other way around.
See: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEC_60320
There are also some rare power cords with built-in EMI suppression coils and/or shielding. These are best used with the device they came with, e.g. a TV. That TV with a regular cord may not be EM compliant. The cords will fit other devices but they may run warm, and they are too .. exclusive.
answered Feb 22 at 14:11
StessenJStessenJ
23111
23111
add a comment |
add a comment |
In addition to other answers, I consider it necessary to pay attention to the presence of ground wire. Some cheap three-contact cables, especially from East Asian vendors, may have only two line/neutral wires but no ground wire inside.
It is impossible to detect ground wire presence/absence visually or by touch because the cable may be as thick and hard as normal three-wire cables. The best way to test the cable is to use an ohmmeter or a conductivity indicator.
New contributor
add a comment |
In addition to other answers, I consider it necessary to pay attention to the presence of ground wire. Some cheap three-contact cables, especially from East Asian vendors, may have only two line/neutral wires but no ground wire inside.
It is impossible to detect ground wire presence/absence visually or by touch because the cable may be as thick and hard as normal three-wire cables. The best way to test the cable is to use an ohmmeter or a conductivity indicator.
New contributor
add a comment |
In addition to other answers, I consider it necessary to pay attention to the presence of ground wire. Some cheap three-contact cables, especially from East Asian vendors, may have only two line/neutral wires but no ground wire inside.
It is impossible to detect ground wire presence/absence visually or by touch because the cable may be as thick and hard as normal three-wire cables. The best way to test the cable is to use an ohmmeter or a conductivity indicator.
New contributor
In addition to other answers, I consider it necessary to pay attention to the presence of ground wire. Some cheap three-contact cables, especially from East Asian vendors, may have only two line/neutral wires but no ground wire inside.
It is impossible to detect ground wire presence/absence visually or by touch because the cable may be as thick and hard as normal three-wire cables. The best way to test the cable is to use an ohmmeter or a conductivity indicator.
New contributor
New contributor
answered Feb 24 at 13:41
Eugene MuzychenkoEugene Muzychenko
513
513
New contributor
New contributor
add a comment |
add a comment |
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5
They are not equal but typically unless you connect a high power mainframe or want to have a thin cable for the notebook back you don’t have to care (you might however throw out some defective ones)
– eckes
Feb 22 at 16:34
1
Occasionally you may have need for a right-angle exit plug. Generally because of space requirements or other obstructions.
– Criggie
Feb 23 at 7:08
Sometimes kit may have cable retention, in the form of a clip or clamp that stops the plug falling out. Cisco switches/routers often have this, as do other brands. Certain power cables fit or don't fit,depending on where the ridges end up relative to the clamp.
– Criggie
Feb 23 at 7:09
@eckes That's simply not true, as indicated by Attie's answer. There's crap out there (usually Chinese export) that shouldn't be touched with a foot-long pole.
– Mast
Feb 23 at 22:28
1
I can’t be the only one that read the title and wondered why this wasn’t in music.stackexchange.com
– Fogmeister
Feb 23 at 22:37