3d - TiKZ: How to join the 2 faces of a cylinder?
2
I have the code below to draw the terminal faces of a cylinder shown in horizontal direction.
I would like to complete the figure with the 2 lines that show the wall tube.
I guess there is something to do with:
tdplottransformmainscreen{?}{?}{?}
draw[tdplot_screen_coords] (??,??) -- (??,??);
Here is my code:
tdplotsetmaincoords{70}{120}
begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1.5, tdplot_main_coords]
%
% set some parameterts
def ra{3.5};
def dfi{-25};
def dr{0.5};
def tetM{150};
def rM{2.5};
%
% draw axis
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(3,0,0)node[below]{emph{x}};
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(0,7,0)node[above]{emph{y}};
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(0,0,7)node[left=-3pt]{emph{z}};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0)--(1,0)node[pos=0.9, above]{$vec{u}_x$};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0)--(0,1)node[pos=0.8, below]{$vec{u}_y$};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0,0)--(0,0,1)node[pos=0.7, left]{$vec{u}_z$};
%
% draw the back disk face
tdplotsetrotatedcoords{0}{90}{0}
coordinate (Shift) at (-9,0,0);
tdplotsetrotatedcoordsorigin{(Shift)}
begin{scope}[tdplot_rotated_coords]
draw ({ra},0) arc[start angle=0, delta angle=360, radius={ra}];
end{scope}
%
% draw the front disk face
tdplotsetrotatedcoords{0}{90}{0}
coordinate (Shift) at (0,0,0);
tdplotsetrotatedcoordsorigin{(Shift)}
begin{scope}[tdplot_rotated_coords]
draw [thick]({ra},0) arc[start angle=0, delta angle=360, radius={ra}];
coordinate (M) at (tetM:rM);
coordinate (Mp) at (tetM+dfi:rM);
coordinate (Mr) at (tetM:rM+dr);
coordinate (Mpr) at (tetM+dfi:rM+dr);
fill[gray!50,opacity=0.5](tetM:{rM}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={rM}] -- (Mpr) arc[start angle=tetM+dfi, delta angle=-dfi, radius={rM+dr}]--(M);
draw [line width=0.7mm](tetM:{rM}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={rM}] -- (Mpr)node[pos=0.5,below,sloped]{$dr$} arc[start angle=tetM+dfi, delta angle=-dfi, radius={rM+dr}]--(M);
draw[fill,red](tetM+dfi/2:rM+dr/2)circle(1.5pt);
draw[line width=0.7mm,->,>=Stealth,red]({tetM+dfi/2}:rM+dr/2)--++(0,0,1.5)node[below right=-3pt]{$dvec{S}$};
draw[line width=0.7mm](M)--(tetM:0)node[pos=0.3,above,sloped]{$r$};
draw[dashed](tetM:0)--(tetM:5);
draw[dashed](tetM+dfi:0)--(tetM+dfi:5);
draw [-{>[length=6]},thick](180:{4}) arc[start angle=180, delta angle=-180+tetM, radius={4}]node[pos=0.5,above]{$theta$};
draw [-{>[length=6]},line width=0.7mm](tetM:{4}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={4}]node[pos=0.5,above right=3pt]{$dtheta$};
end{scope}
tikz-pgf tikz-3dplot
asked Jan 29 at 18:48
Julien FaureJulien Faure
504
add a comment |
2
I have the code below to draw the terminal faces of a cylinder shown in horizontal direction.
I would like to complete the figure with the 2 lines that show the wall tube.
I guess there is something to do with:
tdplottransformmainscreen{?}{?}{?}
draw[tdplot_screen_coords] (??,??) -- (??,??);
Here is my code:
tdplotsetmaincoords{70}{120}
begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1.5, tdplot_main_coords]
%
% set some parameterts
def ra{3.5};
def dfi{-25};
def dr{0.5};
def tetM{150};
def rM{2.5};
%
% draw axis
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(3,0,0)node[below]{emph{x}};
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(0,7,0)node[above]{emph{y}};
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(0,0,7)node[left=-3pt]{emph{z}};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0)--(1,0)node[pos=0.9, above]{$vec{u}_x$};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0)--(0,1)node[pos=0.8, below]{$vec{u}_y$};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0,0)--(0,0,1)node[pos=0.7, left]{$vec{u}_z$};
%
% draw the back disk face
tdplotsetrotatedcoords{0}{90}{0}
coordinate (Shift) at (-9,0,0);
tdplotsetrotatedcoordsorigin{(Shift)}
begin{scope}[tdplot_rotated_coords]
draw ({ra},0) arc[start angle=0, delta angle=360, radius={ra}];
end{scope}
%
% draw the front disk face
tdplotsetrotatedcoords{0}{90}{0}
coordinate (Shift) at (0,0,0);
tdplotsetrotatedcoordsorigin{(Shift)}
begin{scope}[tdplot_rotated_coords]
draw [thick]({ra},0) arc[start angle=0, delta angle=360, radius={ra}];
coordinate (M) at (tetM:rM);
coordinate (Mp) at (tetM+dfi:rM);
coordinate (Mr) at (tetM:rM+dr);
coordinate (Mpr) at (tetM+dfi:rM+dr);
fill[gray!50,opacity=0.5](tetM:{rM}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={rM}] -- (Mpr) arc[start angle=tetM+dfi, delta angle=-dfi, radius={rM+dr}]--(M);
draw [line width=0.7mm](tetM:{rM}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={rM}] -- (Mpr)node[pos=0.5,below,sloped]{$dr$} arc[start angle=tetM+dfi, delta angle=-dfi, radius={rM+dr}]--(M);
draw[fill,red](tetM+dfi/2:rM+dr/2)circle(1.5pt);
draw[line width=0.7mm,->,>=Stealth,red]({tetM+dfi/2}:rM+dr/2)--++(0,0,1.5)node[below right=-3pt]{$dvec{S}$};
draw[line width=0.7mm](M)--(tetM:0)node[pos=0.3,above,sloped]{$r$};
draw[dashed](tetM:0)--(tetM:5);
draw[dashed](tetM+dfi:0)--(tetM+dfi:5);
draw [-{>[length=6]},thick](180:{4}) arc[start angle=180, delta angle=-180+tetM, radius={4}]node[pos=0.5,above]{$theta$};
draw [-{>[length=6]},line width=0.7mm](tetM:{4}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={4}]node[pos=0.5,above right=3pt]{$dtheta$};
end{scope}
tikz-pgf tikz-3dplot
asked Jan 29 at 18:48
Julien FaureJulien Faure
504
add a comment |
2
2
2
1
I have the code below to draw the terminal faces of a cylinder shown in horizontal direction.
I would like to complete the figure with the 2 lines that show the wall tube.
I guess there is something to do with:
tdplottransformmainscreen{?}{?}{?}
draw[tdplot_screen_coords] (??,??) -- (??,??);
Here is my code:
tdplotsetmaincoords{70}{120}
begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1.5, tdplot_main_coords]
%
% set some parameterts
def ra{3.5};
def dfi{-25};
def dr{0.5};
def tetM{150};
def rM{2.5};
%
% draw axis
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(3,0,0)node[below]{emph{x}};
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(0,7,0)node[above]{emph{y}};
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(0,0,7)node[left=-3pt]{emph{z}};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0)--(1,0)node[pos=0.9, above]{$vec{u}_x$};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0)--(0,1)node[pos=0.8, below]{$vec{u}_y$};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0,0)--(0,0,1)node[pos=0.7, left]{$vec{u}_z$};
%
% draw the back disk face
tdplotsetrotatedcoords{0}{90}{0}
coordinate (Shift) at (-9,0,0);
tdplotsetrotatedcoordsorigin{(Shift)}
begin{scope}[tdplot_rotated_coords]
draw ({ra},0) arc[start angle=0, delta angle=360, radius={ra}];
end{scope}
%
% draw the front disk face
tdplotsetrotatedcoords{0}{90}{0}
coordinate (Shift) at (0,0,0);
tdplotsetrotatedcoordsorigin{(Shift)}
begin{scope}[tdplot_rotated_coords]
draw [thick]({ra},0) arc[start angle=0, delta angle=360, radius={ra}];
coordinate (M) at (tetM:rM);
coordinate (Mp) at (tetM+dfi:rM);
coordinate (Mr) at (tetM:rM+dr);
coordinate (Mpr) at (tetM+dfi:rM+dr);
fill[gray!50,opacity=0.5](tetM:{rM}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={rM}] -- (Mpr) arc[start angle=tetM+dfi, delta angle=-dfi, radius={rM+dr}]--(M);
draw [line width=0.7mm](tetM:{rM}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={rM}] -- (Mpr)node[pos=0.5,below,sloped]{$dr$} arc[start angle=tetM+dfi, delta angle=-dfi, radius={rM+dr}]--(M);
draw[fill,red](tetM+dfi/2:rM+dr/2)circle(1.5pt);
draw[line width=0.7mm,->,>=Stealth,red]({tetM+dfi/2}:rM+dr/2)--++(0,0,1.5)node[below right=-3pt]{$dvec{S}$};
draw[line width=0.7mm](M)--(tetM:0)node[pos=0.3,above,sloped]{$r$};
draw[dashed](tetM:0)--(tetM:5);
draw[dashed](tetM+dfi:0)--(tetM+dfi:5);
draw [-{>[length=6]},thick](180:{4}) arc[start angle=180, delta angle=-180+tetM, radius={4}]node[pos=0.5,above]{$theta$};
draw [-{>[length=6]},line width=0.7mm](tetM:{4}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={4}]node[pos=0.5,above right=3pt]{$dtheta$};
end{scope}
tikz-pgf tikz-3dplot
asked Jan 29 at 18:48
Julien FaureJulien Faure
504
I have the code below to draw the terminal faces of a cylinder shown in horizontal direction.
I would like to complete the figure with the 2 lines that show the wall tube.
I guess there is something to do with:
tdplottransformmainscreen{?}{?}{?}
draw[tdplot_screen_coords] (??,??) -- (??,??);
Here is my code:
tdplotsetmaincoords{70}{120}
begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1.5, tdplot_main_coords]
%
% set some parameterts
def ra{3.5};
def dfi{-25};
def dr{0.5};
def tetM{150};
def rM{2.5};
%
% draw axis
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(3,0,0)node[below]{emph{x}};
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(0,7,0)node[above]{emph{y}};
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(0,0,7)node[left=-3pt]{emph{z}};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0)--(1,0)node[pos=0.9, above]{$vec{u}_x$};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0)--(0,1)node[pos=0.8, below]{$vec{u}_y$};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0,0)--(0,0,1)node[pos=0.7, left]{$vec{u}_z$};
%
% draw the back disk face
tdplotsetrotatedcoords{0}{90}{0}
coordinate (Shift) at (-9,0,0);
tdplotsetrotatedcoordsorigin{(Shift)}
begin{scope}[tdplot_rotated_coords]
draw ({ra},0) arc[start angle=0, delta angle=360, radius={ra}];
end{scope}
%
% draw the front disk face
tdplotsetrotatedcoords{0}{90}{0}
coordinate (Shift) at (0,0,0);
tdplotsetrotatedcoordsorigin{(Shift)}
begin{scope}[tdplot_rotated_coords]
draw [thick]({ra},0) arc[start angle=0, delta angle=360, radius={ra}];
coordinate (M) at (tetM:rM);
coordinate (Mp) at (tetM+dfi:rM);
coordinate (Mr) at (tetM:rM+dr);
coordinate (Mpr) at (tetM+dfi:rM+dr);
fill[gray!50,opacity=0.5](tetM:{rM}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={rM}] -- (Mpr) arc[start angle=tetM+dfi, delta angle=-dfi, radius={rM+dr}]--(M);
draw [line width=0.7mm](tetM:{rM}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={rM}] -- (Mpr)node[pos=0.5,below,sloped]{$dr$} arc[start angle=tetM+dfi, delta angle=-dfi, radius={rM+dr}]--(M);
draw[fill,red](tetM+dfi/2:rM+dr/2)circle(1.5pt);
draw[line width=0.7mm,->,>=Stealth,red]({tetM+dfi/2}:rM+dr/2)--++(0,0,1.5)node[below right=-3pt]{$dvec{S}$};
draw[line width=0.7mm](M)--(tetM:0)node[pos=0.3,above,sloped]{$r$};
draw[dashed](tetM:0)--(tetM:5);
draw[dashed](tetM+dfi:0)--(tetM+dfi:5);
draw [-{>[length=6]},thick](180:{4}) arc[start angle=180, delta angle=-180+tetM, radius={4}]node[pos=0.5,above]{$theta$};
draw [-{>[length=6]},line width=0.7mm](tetM:{4}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={4}]node[pos=0.5,above right=3pt]{$dtheta$};
end{scope}
tikz-pgf tikz-3dplot
tikz-pgf tikz-3dplot
asked Jan 29 at 18:48
Julien FaureJulien Faure
504
asked Jan 29 at 18:48
Julien FaureJulien Faure
504
edited Jan 29 at 18:54
Julien Faure
asked Jan 29 at 18:48
Julien FaureJulien Faure
504
asked Jan 29 at 18:48
Julien FaureJulien Faure
504
asked Jan 29 at 18:48
Julien FaureJulien Faure
504
504
add a comment |
add a comment |
1 Answer
1
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oldest
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6
Something like this?
documentclass[tikz,border=3.14mm]{standalone}
usepackage{tikz-3dplot}
usetikzlibrary{3d,arrows.meta,calc}
begin{document}
tdplotsetmaincoords{70}{120}
begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1.5, tdplot_main_coords]
%
% set some parameters
defra{3.5};
defdfi{-25};
defdr{0.5};
deftetM{150};
defrM{2.5};
%
% draw axis
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(3,0,0)node[below]{emph{x}};
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(0,7,0)node[above]{emph{y}};
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(0,0,7)node[left=-3pt]{emph{z}};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0)--(1,0)node[pos=0.9, above]{$vec{u}_x$};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0)--(0,1)node[pos=0.8, below]{$vec{u}_y$};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0,0)--(0,0,1)node[pos=0.7, left]{$vec{u}_z$};
%
% draw the back disk face
tdplotsetrotatedcoords{0}{90}{0}
coordinate (Shift) at (-9,0,0);
tdplotsetrotatedcoordsorigin{(Shift)}
begin{scope}[tdplot_rotated_coords]
draw ({ra},0) arc[start angle=0, delta angle=360, radius={ra}];
end{scope}
%
% draw the front disk face
tdplotsetrotatedcoords{0}{90}{0}
coordinate (Shift) at (0,0,0);
tdplotsetrotatedcoordsorigin{(Shift)}
path (-9,0,0) coordinate (M2);
begin{scope}[canvas is yz plane at x=0]
path (0,0) coordinate (M1);
shade let p1=($(M1)-(M2)$),n1={atan2(y1,x1)} in
[top color=black,bottom color=black!80,middle color=gray!20,shading angle=n1,
opacity=0.8]
($(M1)+(n1+90:ra)$) -- ($(M2)+(n1+90:ra)$)
arc(n1+90:n1+270:ra) -- ($(M1)+(n1+270:ra)$)
arc(n1+270:n1+90:ra);
end{scope}
begin{scope}[tdplot_rotated_coords]
draw [thick]({ra},0) arc[start angle=0, delta angle=360, radius={ra}];
coordinate (M) at (tetM:rM);
coordinate (Mp) at (tetM+dfi:rM);
coordinate (Mr) at (tetM:rM+dr);
coordinate (Mpr) at (tetM+dfi:rM+dr);
fill[gray!50,opacity=0.5](tetM:{rM}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={rM}] -- (Mpr) arc[start angle=tetM+dfi, delta angle=-dfi, radius={rM+dr}]--(M);
draw [line width=0.7mm](tetM:{rM}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={rM}] -- (Mpr)node[pos=0.5,below,sloped]{$dr$} arc[start angle=tetM+dfi, delta angle=-dfi, radius={rM+dr}]--(M);
draw[fill,red](tetM+dfi/2:rM+dr/2)circle(1.5pt);
draw[line width=0.7mm,->,>=Stealth,red]({tetM+dfi/2}:rM+dr/2)--++(0,0,1.5)node[below right=-3pt]{$dvec{S}$};
draw[line width=0.7mm](M)--(tetM:0)node[pos=0.3,above,sloped]{$r$};
draw[dashed](tetM:0)--(tetM:5);
draw[dashed](tetM+dfi:0)--(tetM+dfi:5);
draw [-{>[length=6]},thick](180:{4}) arc[start angle=180, delta angle=-180+tetM, radius={4}]node[pos=0.5,above]{$theta$};
draw [-{>[length=6]},line width=0.7mm](tetM:{4}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={4}]node[pos=0.5,above right=3pt]{$dtheta$};
end{scope}
end{tikzpicture}
end{document}
Notice that I used the 3d library for that because I find it more intuitive. And I think you could use it all over instead of switching to all these rotated coordinate systems. Here is what I got.
documentclass[tikz,border=3.14mm]{standalone}
usepackage{tikz-3dplot}
usetikzlibrary{3d,arrows.meta,calc}
begin{document}
tdplotsetmaincoords{70}{120}
begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1.5, tdplot_main_coords]
%
% set some parameters
defra{3.5};
defdfi{-25};
defdr{0.5};
deftetM{150};
defrM{2.5};
%
% draw the back disk face
begin{scope}[canvas is yz plane at x=-9]
draw (0,0) coordinate (M2) circle[radius=ra];
end{scope}
%
% draw the front disk face
%path (-9,0,0) coordinate (M2);
begin{scope}[canvas is zy plane at x=0,xscale=-1]
path (0,0) coordinate (M1);
shade let p1=($(M1)-(M2)$),n1={atan2(y1,x1)} in
[top color=black,bottom color=black!80,middle color=gray!20,
shading angle=n1+90,opacity=1]
($(M1)+(n1-90:ra)$) -- ($(M2)+(n1-90:ra)$)
arc(n1-90:n1+90:ra) -- ($(M1)+(n1+90:ra)$)
arc(n1+90:n1-90:ra);
shade let p1=($(M1)-(M2)$),n1={atan2(y1,x1)} in
[top color=black,bottom color=black!80,middle color=gray!20,
shading angle=n1+90,opacity=0.6]
($(M1)+(n1+90:ra)$) -- ($(M2)+(n1+90:ra)$)
arc(n1+90:n1+270:ra) -- ($(M1)+(n1+270:ra)$)
arc(n1+270:n1+90:ra);
draw[thick] (M1) circle [radius=ra];
coordinate (M) at (tetM:rM);
coordinate (Mp) at (tetM+dfi:rM);
coordinate (Mr) at (tetM:rM+dr);
coordinate (Mpr) at (tetM+dfi:rM+dr);
fill[gray!50,opacity=0.5](tetM:{rM}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={rM}] -- (Mpr) arc[start angle=tetM+dfi, delta angle=-dfi, radius={rM+dr}]--(M);
draw [line width=0.7mm](tetM:{rM}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={rM}] --
(Mpr)node[pos=0.5,below,sloped,rotate=90]{$mathrm{d}r$} arc[start angle=tetM+dfi, delta angle=-dfi, radius={rM+dr}]--(M);
draw[fill,red](tetM+dfi/2:rM+dr/2) coordinate (P) circle(1.5pt);
draw[line width=0.7mm](M1)--(M)node[pos=0.7,above,sloped,rotate=90]{$r$};
draw[dashed](tetM:0)--(tetM:5);
draw[dashed](tetM+dfi:0)--(tetM+dfi:5);
draw [-{>[length=6]},thick](180:{4}) arc[start angle=180, delta angle=-180+tetM, radius={4}]node[pos=0.5,above]{$theta$};
draw [-{>[length=6]},line width=0.7mm](tetM:{4}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={4}]node[pos=0.5,above right=3pt]{$dtheta$};
end{scope}
draw[line width=0.7mm,->,>=Stealth,red](P)--++(1.5,0,0)node[below right=-3pt]
{$mathrm{d}vec{S}$};
% draw axes
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(3,0,0)node[below]{emph{x}};
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(0,7,0)node[above]{emph{y}};
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(0,0,7)node[left=-3pt]{emph{z}};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0)--(1,0)node[pos=0.9, above]{$vec{u}_x$};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0)--(0,1)node[pos=0.8, below]{$vec{u}_y$};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0,0)--(0,0,1)node[pos=0.7, left]{$vec{u}_z$};
end{tikzpicture}
end{document}
answered Jan 29 at 19:07
marmotmarmot
97.9k4113217
Many thanks, that's exactly what I need. You're right, your second proposition better fits.
– Julien Faure
Jan 29 at 21:22
What do you mean by accepting it? I guess I had to clic on the "green check" right? I have copy-past your solution and as I said, it works fine. But it remains quite obscure for me. I can't figure out what 'let', 'p1', 'n1'... do. If you know any ressource I could read to learn more about that, it will be very helpfull.
– Julien Faure
Jan 30 at 9:22
@JulienFaure Thanks! The syntaxlet p1=($(M1)-(M2)$),n1={atan2(y1,x1)} inmeasures the 2d (!) slope of a line that connects the centers of the circles. Given the slope, it is then clear where the tangents which we are looking for attach to the circles. These tangents define the boundaries of the cylinder. The slope angle,n1, is also used to rotate the shading, which should be along the direction of the tangents.
– marmot
Jan 30 at 13:28
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6
Something like this?
documentclass[tikz,border=3.14mm]{standalone}
usepackage{tikz-3dplot}
usetikzlibrary{3d,arrows.meta,calc}
begin{document}
tdplotsetmaincoords{70}{120}
begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1.5, tdplot_main_coords]
%
% set some parameters
defra{3.5};
defdfi{-25};
defdr{0.5};
deftetM{150};
defrM{2.5};
%
% draw axis
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(3,0,0)node[below]{emph{x}};
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(0,7,0)node[above]{emph{y}};
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(0,0,7)node[left=-3pt]{emph{z}};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0)--(1,0)node[pos=0.9, above]{$vec{u}_x$};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0)--(0,1)node[pos=0.8, below]{$vec{u}_y$};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0,0)--(0,0,1)node[pos=0.7, left]{$vec{u}_z$};
%
% draw the back disk face
tdplotsetrotatedcoords{0}{90}{0}
coordinate (Shift) at (-9,0,0);
tdplotsetrotatedcoordsorigin{(Shift)}
begin{scope}[tdplot_rotated_coords]
draw ({ra},0) arc[start angle=0, delta angle=360, radius={ra}];
end{scope}
%
% draw the front disk face
tdplotsetrotatedcoords{0}{90}{0}
coordinate (Shift) at (0,0,0);
tdplotsetrotatedcoordsorigin{(Shift)}
path (-9,0,0) coordinate (M2);
begin{scope}[canvas is yz plane at x=0]
path (0,0) coordinate (M1);
shade let p1=($(M1)-(M2)$),n1={atan2(y1,x1)} in
[top color=black,bottom color=black!80,middle color=gray!20,shading angle=n1,
opacity=0.8]
($(M1)+(n1+90:ra)$) -- ($(M2)+(n1+90:ra)$)
arc(n1+90:n1+270:ra) -- ($(M1)+(n1+270:ra)$)
arc(n1+270:n1+90:ra);
end{scope}
begin{scope}[tdplot_rotated_coords]
draw [thick]({ra},0) arc[start angle=0, delta angle=360, radius={ra}];
coordinate (M) at (tetM:rM);
coordinate (Mp) at (tetM+dfi:rM);
coordinate (Mr) at (tetM:rM+dr);
coordinate (Mpr) at (tetM+dfi:rM+dr);
fill[gray!50,opacity=0.5](tetM:{rM}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={rM}] -- (Mpr) arc[start angle=tetM+dfi, delta angle=-dfi, radius={rM+dr}]--(M);
draw [line width=0.7mm](tetM:{rM}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={rM}] -- (Mpr)node[pos=0.5,below,sloped]{$dr$} arc[start angle=tetM+dfi, delta angle=-dfi, radius={rM+dr}]--(M);
draw[fill,red](tetM+dfi/2:rM+dr/2)circle(1.5pt);
draw[line width=0.7mm,->,>=Stealth,red]({tetM+dfi/2}:rM+dr/2)--++(0,0,1.5)node[below right=-3pt]{$dvec{S}$};
draw[line width=0.7mm](M)--(tetM:0)node[pos=0.3,above,sloped]{$r$};
draw[dashed](tetM:0)--(tetM:5);
draw[dashed](tetM+dfi:0)--(tetM+dfi:5);
draw [-{>[length=6]},thick](180:{4}) arc[start angle=180, delta angle=-180+tetM, radius={4}]node[pos=0.5,above]{$theta$};
draw [-{>[length=6]},line width=0.7mm](tetM:{4}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={4}]node[pos=0.5,above right=3pt]{$dtheta$};
end{scope}
end{tikzpicture}
end{document}
Notice that I used the 3d library for that because I find it more intuitive. And I think you could use it all over instead of switching to all these rotated coordinate systems. Here is what I got.
documentclass[tikz,border=3.14mm]{standalone}
usepackage{tikz-3dplot}
usetikzlibrary{3d,arrows.meta,calc}
begin{document}
tdplotsetmaincoords{70}{120}
begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1.5, tdplot_main_coords]
%
% set some parameters
defra{3.5};
defdfi{-25};
defdr{0.5};
deftetM{150};
defrM{2.5};
%
% draw the back disk face
begin{scope}[canvas is yz plane at x=-9]
draw (0,0) coordinate (M2) circle[radius=ra];
end{scope}
%
% draw the front disk face
%path (-9,0,0) coordinate (M2);
begin{scope}[canvas is zy plane at x=0,xscale=-1]
path (0,0) coordinate (M1);
shade let p1=($(M1)-(M2)$),n1={atan2(y1,x1)} in
[top color=black,bottom color=black!80,middle color=gray!20,
shading angle=n1+90,opacity=1]
($(M1)+(n1-90:ra)$) -- ($(M2)+(n1-90:ra)$)
arc(n1-90:n1+90:ra) -- ($(M1)+(n1+90:ra)$)
arc(n1+90:n1-90:ra);
shade let p1=($(M1)-(M2)$),n1={atan2(y1,x1)} in
[top color=black,bottom color=black!80,middle color=gray!20,
shading angle=n1+90,opacity=0.6]
($(M1)+(n1+90:ra)$) -- ($(M2)+(n1+90:ra)$)
arc(n1+90:n1+270:ra) -- ($(M1)+(n1+270:ra)$)
arc(n1+270:n1+90:ra);
draw[thick] (M1) circle [radius=ra];
coordinate (M) at (tetM:rM);
coordinate (Mp) at (tetM+dfi:rM);
coordinate (Mr) at (tetM:rM+dr);
coordinate (Mpr) at (tetM+dfi:rM+dr);
fill[gray!50,opacity=0.5](tetM:{rM}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={rM}] -- (Mpr) arc[start angle=tetM+dfi, delta angle=-dfi, radius={rM+dr}]--(M);
draw [line width=0.7mm](tetM:{rM}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={rM}] --
(Mpr)node[pos=0.5,below,sloped,rotate=90]{$mathrm{d}r$} arc[start angle=tetM+dfi, delta angle=-dfi, radius={rM+dr}]--(M);
draw[fill,red](tetM+dfi/2:rM+dr/2) coordinate (P) circle(1.5pt);
draw[line width=0.7mm](M1)--(M)node[pos=0.7,above,sloped,rotate=90]{$r$};
draw[dashed](tetM:0)--(tetM:5);
draw[dashed](tetM+dfi:0)--(tetM+dfi:5);
draw [-{>[length=6]},thick](180:{4}) arc[start angle=180, delta angle=-180+tetM, radius={4}]node[pos=0.5,above]{$theta$};
draw [-{>[length=6]},line width=0.7mm](tetM:{4}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={4}]node[pos=0.5,above right=3pt]{$dtheta$};
end{scope}
draw[line width=0.7mm,->,>=Stealth,red](P)--++(1.5,0,0)node[below right=-3pt]
{$mathrm{d}vec{S}$};
% draw axes
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(3,0,0)node[below]{emph{x}};
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(0,7,0)node[above]{emph{y}};
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(0,0,7)node[left=-3pt]{emph{z}};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0)--(1,0)node[pos=0.9, above]{$vec{u}_x$};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0)--(0,1)node[pos=0.8, below]{$vec{u}_y$};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0,0)--(0,0,1)node[pos=0.7, left]{$vec{u}_z$};
end{tikzpicture}
end{document}
answered Jan 29 at 19:07
marmotmarmot
97.9k4113217
Many thanks, that's exactly what I need. You're right, your second proposition better fits.
– Julien Faure
Jan 29 at 21:22
What do you mean by accepting it? I guess I had to clic on the "green check" right? I have copy-past your solution and as I said, it works fine. But it remains quite obscure for me. I can't figure out what 'let', 'p1', 'n1'... do. If you know any ressource I could read to learn more about that, it will be very helpfull.
– Julien Faure
Jan 30 at 9:22
@JulienFaure Thanks! The syntaxlet p1=($(M1)-(M2)$),n1={atan2(y1,x1)} inmeasures the 2d (!) slope of a line that connects the centers of the circles. Given the slope, it is then clear where the tangents which we are looking for attach to the circles. These tangents define the boundaries of the cylinder. The slope angle,n1, is also used to rotate the shading, which should be along the direction of the tangents.
– marmot
Jan 30 at 13:28
add a comment |
6
Something like this?
documentclass[tikz,border=3.14mm]{standalone}
usepackage{tikz-3dplot}
usetikzlibrary{3d,arrows.meta,calc}
begin{document}
tdplotsetmaincoords{70}{120}
begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1.5, tdplot_main_coords]
%
% set some parameters
defra{3.5};
defdfi{-25};
defdr{0.5};
deftetM{150};
defrM{2.5};
%
% draw axis
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(3,0,0)node[below]{emph{x}};
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(0,7,0)node[above]{emph{y}};
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(0,0,7)node[left=-3pt]{emph{z}};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0)--(1,0)node[pos=0.9, above]{$vec{u}_x$};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0)--(0,1)node[pos=0.8, below]{$vec{u}_y$};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0,0)--(0,0,1)node[pos=0.7, left]{$vec{u}_z$};
%
% draw the back disk face
tdplotsetrotatedcoords{0}{90}{0}
coordinate (Shift) at (-9,0,0);
tdplotsetrotatedcoordsorigin{(Shift)}
begin{scope}[tdplot_rotated_coords]
draw ({ra},0) arc[start angle=0, delta angle=360, radius={ra}];
end{scope}
%
% draw the front disk face
tdplotsetrotatedcoords{0}{90}{0}
coordinate (Shift) at (0,0,0);
tdplotsetrotatedcoordsorigin{(Shift)}
path (-9,0,0) coordinate (M2);
begin{scope}[canvas is yz plane at x=0]
path (0,0) coordinate (M1);
shade let p1=($(M1)-(M2)$),n1={atan2(y1,x1)} in
[top color=black,bottom color=black!80,middle color=gray!20,shading angle=n1,
opacity=0.8]
($(M1)+(n1+90:ra)$) -- ($(M2)+(n1+90:ra)$)
arc(n1+90:n1+270:ra) -- ($(M1)+(n1+270:ra)$)
arc(n1+270:n1+90:ra);
end{scope}
begin{scope}[tdplot_rotated_coords]
draw [thick]({ra},0) arc[start angle=0, delta angle=360, radius={ra}];
coordinate (M) at (tetM:rM);
coordinate (Mp) at (tetM+dfi:rM);
coordinate (Mr) at (tetM:rM+dr);
coordinate (Mpr) at (tetM+dfi:rM+dr);
fill[gray!50,opacity=0.5](tetM:{rM}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={rM}] -- (Mpr) arc[start angle=tetM+dfi, delta angle=-dfi, radius={rM+dr}]--(M);
draw [line width=0.7mm](tetM:{rM}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={rM}] -- (Mpr)node[pos=0.5,below,sloped]{$dr$} arc[start angle=tetM+dfi, delta angle=-dfi, radius={rM+dr}]--(M);
draw[fill,red](tetM+dfi/2:rM+dr/2)circle(1.5pt);
draw[line width=0.7mm,->,>=Stealth,red]({tetM+dfi/2}:rM+dr/2)--++(0,0,1.5)node[below right=-3pt]{$dvec{S}$};
draw[line width=0.7mm](M)--(tetM:0)node[pos=0.3,above,sloped]{$r$};
draw[dashed](tetM:0)--(tetM:5);
draw[dashed](tetM+dfi:0)--(tetM+dfi:5);
draw [-{>[length=6]},thick](180:{4}) arc[start angle=180, delta angle=-180+tetM, radius={4}]node[pos=0.5,above]{$theta$};
draw [-{>[length=6]},line width=0.7mm](tetM:{4}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={4}]node[pos=0.5,above right=3pt]{$dtheta$};
end{scope}
end{tikzpicture}
end{document}
Notice that I used the 3d library for that because I find it more intuitive. And I think you could use it all over instead of switching to all these rotated coordinate systems. Here is what I got.
documentclass[tikz,border=3.14mm]{standalone}
usepackage{tikz-3dplot}
usetikzlibrary{3d,arrows.meta,calc}
begin{document}
tdplotsetmaincoords{70}{120}
begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1.5, tdplot_main_coords]
%
% set some parameters
defra{3.5};
defdfi{-25};
defdr{0.5};
deftetM{150};
defrM{2.5};
%
% draw the back disk face
begin{scope}[canvas is yz plane at x=-9]
draw (0,0) coordinate (M2) circle[radius=ra];
end{scope}
%
% draw the front disk face
%path (-9,0,0) coordinate (M2);
begin{scope}[canvas is zy plane at x=0,xscale=-1]
path (0,0) coordinate (M1);
shade let p1=($(M1)-(M2)$),n1={atan2(y1,x1)} in
[top color=black,bottom color=black!80,middle color=gray!20,
shading angle=n1+90,opacity=1]
($(M1)+(n1-90:ra)$) -- ($(M2)+(n1-90:ra)$)
arc(n1-90:n1+90:ra) -- ($(M1)+(n1+90:ra)$)
arc(n1+90:n1-90:ra);
shade let p1=($(M1)-(M2)$),n1={atan2(y1,x1)} in
[top color=black,bottom color=black!80,middle color=gray!20,
shading angle=n1+90,opacity=0.6]
($(M1)+(n1+90:ra)$) -- ($(M2)+(n1+90:ra)$)
arc(n1+90:n1+270:ra) -- ($(M1)+(n1+270:ra)$)
arc(n1+270:n1+90:ra);
draw[thick] (M1) circle [radius=ra];
coordinate (M) at (tetM:rM);
coordinate (Mp) at (tetM+dfi:rM);
coordinate (Mr) at (tetM:rM+dr);
coordinate (Mpr) at (tetM+dfi:rM+dr);
fill[gray!50,opacity=0.5](tetM:{rM}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={rM}] -- (Mpr) arc[start angle=tetM+dfi, delta angle=-dfi, radius={rM+dr}]--(M);
draw [line width=0.7mm](tetM:{rM}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={rM}] --
(Mpr)node[pos=0.5,below,sloped,rotate=90]{$mathrm{d}r$} arc[start angle=tetM+dfi, delta angle=-dfi, radius={rM+dr}]--(M);
draw[fill,red](tetM+dfi/2:rM+dr/2) coordinate (P) circle(1.5pt);
draw[line width=0.7mm](M1)--(M)node[pos=0.7,above,sloped,rotate=90]{$r$};
draw[dashed](tetM:0)--(tetM:5);
draw[dashed](tetM+dfi:0)--(tetM+dfi:5);
draw [-{>[length=6]},thick](180:{4}) arc[start angle=180, delta angle=-180+tetM, radius={4}]node[pos=0.5,above]{$theta$};
draw [-{>[length=6]},line width=0.7mm](tetM:{4}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={4}]node[pos=0.5,above right=3pt]{$dtheta$};
end{scope}
draw[line width=0.7mm,->,>=Stealth,red](P)--++(1.5,0,0)node[below right=-3pt]
{$mathrm{d}vec{S}$};
% draw axes
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(3,0,0)node[below]{emph{x}};
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(0,7,0)node[above]{emph{y}};
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(0,0,7)node[left=-3pt]{emph{z}};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0)--(1,0)node[pos=0.9, above]{$vec{u}_x$};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0)--(0,1)node[pos=0.8, below]{$vec{u}_y$};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0,0)--(0,0,1)node[pos=0.7, left]{$vec{u}_z$};
end{tikzpicture}
end{document}
answered Jan 29 at 19:07
marmotmarmot
97.9k4113217
Many thanks, that's exactly what I need. You're right, your second proposition better fits.
– Julien Faure
Jan 29 at 21:22
What do you mean by accepting it? I guess I had to clic on the "green check" right? I have copy-past your solution and as I said, it works fine. But it remains quite obscure for me. I can't figure out what 'let', 'p1', 'n1'... do. If you know any ressource I could read to learn more about that, it will be very helpfull.
– Julien Faure
Jan 30 at 9:22
@JulienFaure Thanks! The syntaxlet p1=($(M1)-(M2)$),n1={atan2(y1,x1)} inmeasures the 2d (!) slope of a line that connects the centers of the circles. Given the slope, it is then clear where the tangents which we are looking for attach to the circles. These tangents define the boundaries of the cylinder. The slope angle,n1, is also used to rotate the shading, which should be along the direction of the tangents.
– marmot
Jan 30 at 13:28
add a comment |
6
6
6
Something like this?
documentclass[tikz,border=3.14mm]{standalone}
usepackage{tikz-3dplot}
usetikzlibrary{3d,arrows.meta,calc}
begin{document}
tdplotsetmaincoords{70}{120}
begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1.5, tdplot_main_coords]
%
% set some parameters
defra{3.5};
defdfi{-25};
defdr{0.5};
deftetM{150};
defrM{2.5};
%
% draw axis
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(3,0,0)node[below]{emph{x}};
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(0,7,0)node[above]{emph{y}};
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(0,0,7)node[left=-3pt]{emph{z}};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0)--(1,0)node[pos=0.9, above]{$vec{u}_x$};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0)--(0,1)node[pos=0.8, below]{$vec{u}_y$};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0,0)--(0,0,1)node[pos=0.7, left]{$vec{u}_z$};
%
% draw the back disk face
tdplotsetrotatedcoords{0}{90}{0}
coordinate (Shift) at (-9,0,0);
tdplotsetrotatedcoordsorigin{(Shift)}
begin{scope}[tdplot_rotated_coords]
draw ({ra},0) arc[start angle=0, delta angle=360, radius={ra}];
end{scope}
%
% draw the front disk face
tdplotsetrotatedcoords{0}{90}{0}
coordinate (Shift) at (0,0,0);
tdplotsetrotatedcoordsorigin{(Shift)}
path (-9,0,0) coordinate (M2);
begin{scope}[canvas is yz plane at x=0]
path (0,0) coordinate (M1);
shade let p1=($(M1)-(M2)$),n1={atan2(y1,x1)} in
[top color=black,bottom color=black!80,middle color=gray!20,shading angle=n1,
opacity=0.8]
($(M1)+(n1+90:ra)$) -- ($(M2)+(n1+90:ra)$)
arc(n1+90:n1+270:ra) -- ($(M1)+(n1+270:ra)$)
arc(n1+270:n1+90:ra);
end{scope}
begin{scope}[tdplot_rotated_coords]
draw [thick]({ra},0) arc[start angle=0, delta angle=360, radius={ra}];
coordinate (M) at (tetM:rM);
coordinate (Mp) at (tetM+dfi:rM);
coordinate (Mr) at (tetM:rM+dr);
coordinate (Mpr) at (tetM+dfi:rM+dr);
fill[gray!50,opacity=0.5](tetM:{rM}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={rM}] -- (Mpr) arc[start angle=tetM+dfi, delta angle=-dfi, radius={rM+dr}]--(M);
draw [line width=0.7mm](tetM:{rM}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={rM}] -- (Mpr)node[pos=0.5,below,sloped]{$dr$} arc[start angle=tetM+dfi, delta angle=-dfi, radius={rM+dr}]--(M);
draw[fill,red](tetM+dfi/2:rM+dr/2)circle(1.5pt);
draw[line width=0.7mm,->,>=Stealth,red]({tetM+dfi/2}:rM+dr/2)--++(0,0,1.5)node[below right=-3pt]{$dvec{S}$};
draw[line width=0.7mm](M)--(tetM:0)node[pos=0.3,above,sloped]{$r$};
draw[dashed](tetM:0)--(tetM:5);
draw[dashed](tetM+dfi:0)--(tetM+dfi:5);
draw [-{>[length=6]},thick](180:{4}) arc[start angle=180, delta angle=-180+tetM, radius={4}]node[pos=0.5,above]{$theta$};
draw [-{>[length=6]},line width=0.7mm](tetM:{4}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={4}]node[pos=0.5,above right=3pt]{$dtheta$};
end{scope}
end{tikzpicture}
end{document}
Notice that I used the 3d library for that because I find it more intuitive. And I think you could use it all over instead of switching to all these rotated coordinate systems. Here is what I got.
documentclass[tikz,border=3.14mm]{standalone}
usepackage{tikz-3dplot}
usetikzlibrary{3d,arrows.meta,calc}
begin{document}
tdplotsetmaincoords{70}{120}
begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1.5, tdplot_main_coords]
%
% set some parameters
defra{3.5};
defdfi{-25};
defdr{0.5};
deftetM{150};
defrM{2.5};
%
% draw the back disk face
begin{scope}[canvas is yz plane at x=-9]
draw (0,0) coordinate (M2) circle[radius=ra];
end{scope}
%
% draw the front disk face
%path (-9,0,0) coordinate (M2);
begin{scope}[canvas is zy plane at x=0,xscale=-1]
path (0,0) coordinate (M1);
shade let p1=($(M1)-(M2)$),n1={atan2(y1,x1)} in
[top color=black,bottom color=black!80,middle color=gray!20,
shading angle=n1+90,opacity=1]
($(M1)+(n1-90:ra)$) -- ($(M2)+(n1-90:ra)$)
arc(n1-90:n1+90:ra) -- ($(M1)+(n1+90:ra)$)
arc(n1+90:n1-90:ra);
shade let p1=($(M1)-(M2)$),n1={atan2(y1,x1)} in
[top color=black,bottom color=black!80,middle color=gray!20,
shading angle=n1+90,opacity=0.6]
($(M1)+(n1+90:ra)$) -- ($(M2)+(n1+90:ra)$)
arc(n1+90:n1+270:ra) -- ($(M1)+(n1+270:ra)$)
arc(n1+270:n1+90:ra);
draw[thick] (M1) circle [radius=ra];
coordinate (M) at (tetM:rM);
coordinate (Mp) at (tetM+dfi:rM);
coordinate (Mr) at (tetM:rM+dr);
coordinate (Mpr) at (tetM+dfi:rM+dr);
fill[gray!50,opacity=0.5](tetM:{rM}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={rM}] -- (Mpr) arc[start angle=tetM+dfi, delta angle=-dfi, radius={rM+dr}]--(M);
draw [line width=0.7mm](tetM:{rM}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={rM}] --
(Mpr)node[pos=0.5,below,sloped,rotate=90]{$mathrm{d}r$} arc[start angle=tetM+dfi, delta angle=-dfi, radius={rM+dr}]--(M);
draw[fill,red](tetM+dfi/2:rM+dr/2) coordinate (P) circle(1.5pt);
draw[line width=0.7mm](M1)--(M)node[pos=0.7,above,sloped,rotate=90]{$r$};
draw[dashed](tetM:0)--(tetM:5);
draw[dashed](tetM+dfi:0)--(tetM+dfi:5);
draw [-{>[length=6]},thick](180:{4}) arc[start angle=180, delta angle=-180+tetM, radius={4}]node[pos=0.5,above]{$theta$};
draw [-{>[length=6]},line width=0.7mm](tetM:{4}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={4}]node[pos=0.5,above right=3pt]{$dtheta$};
end{scope}
draw[line width=0.7mm,->,>=Stealth,red](P)--++(1.5,0,0)node[below right=-3pt]
{$mathrm{d}vec{S}$};
% draw axes
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(3,0,0)node[below]{emph{x}};
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(0,7,0)node[above]{emph{y}};
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(0,0,7)node[left=-3pt]{emph{z}};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0)--(1,0)node[pos=0.9, above]{$vec{u}_x$};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0)--(0,1)node[pos=0.8, below]{$vec{u}_y$};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0,0)--(0,0,1)node[pos=0.7, left]{$vec{u}_z$};
end{tikzpicture}
end{document}
answered Jan 29 at 19:07
marmotmarmot
97.9k4113217
Something like this?
documentclass[tikz,border=3.14mm]{standalone}
usepackage{tikz-3dplot}
usetikzlibrary{3d,arrows.meta,calc}
begin{document}
tdplotsetmaincoords{70}{120}
begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1.5, tdplot_main_coords]
%
% set some parameters
defra{3.5};
defdfi{-25};
defdr{0.5};
deftetM{150};
defrM{2.5};
%
% draw axis
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(3,0,0)node[below]{emph{x}};
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(0,7,0)node[above]{emph{y}};
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(0,0,7)node[left=-3pt]{emph{z}};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0)--(1,0)node[pos=0.9, above]{$vec{u}_x$};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0)--(0,1)node[pos=0.8, below]{$vec{u}_y$};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0,0)--(0,0,1)node[pos=0.7, left]{$vec{u}_z$};
%
% draw the back disk face
tdplotsetrotatedcoords{0}{90}{0}
coordinate (Shift) at (-9,0,0);
tdplotsetrotatedcoordsorigin{(Shift)}
begin{scope}[tdplot_rotated_coords]
draw ({ra},0) arc[start angle=0, delta angle=360, radius={ra}];
end{scope}
%
% draw the front disk face
tdplotsetrotatedcoords{0}{90}{0}
coordinate (Shift) at (0,0,0);
tdplotsetrotatedcoordsorigin{(Shift)}
path (-9,0,0) coordinate (M2);
begin{scope}[canvas is yz plane at x=0]
path (0,0) coordinate (M1);
shade let p1=($(M1)-(M2)$),n1={atan2(y1,x1)} in
[top color=black,bottom color=black!80,middle color=gray!20,shading angle=n1,
opacity=0.8]
($(M1)+(n1+90:ra)$) -- ($(M2)+(n1+90:ra)$)
arc(n1+90:n1+270:ra) -- ($(M1)+(n1+270:ra)$)
arc(n1+270:n1+90:ra);
end{scope}
begin{scope}[tdplot_rotated_coords]
draw [thick]({ra},0) arc[start angle=0, delta angle=360, radius={ra}];
coordinate (M) at (tetM:rM);
coordinate (Mp) at (tetM+dfi:rM);
coordinate (Mr) at (tetM:rM+dr);
coordinate (Mpr) at (tetM+dfi:rM+dr);
fill[gray!50,opacity=0.5](tetM:{rM}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={rM}] -- (Mpr) arc[start angle=tetM+dfi, delta angle=-dfi, radius={rM+dr}]--(M);
draw [line width=0.7mm](tetM:{rM}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={rM}] -- (Mpr)node[pos=0.5,below,sloped]{$dr$} arc[start angle=tetM+dfi, delta angle=-dfi, radius={rM+dr}]--(M);
draw[fill,red](tetM+dfi/2:rM+dr/2)circle(1.5pt);
draw[line width=0.7mm,->,>=Stealth,red]({tetM+dfi/2}:rM+dr/2)--++(0,0,1.5)node[below right=-3pt]{$dvec{S}$};
draw[line width=0.7mm](M)--(tetM:0)node[pos=0.3,above,sloped]{$r$};
draw[dashed](tetM:0)--(tetM:5);
draw[dashed](tetM+dfi:0)--(tetM+dfi:5);
draw [-{>[length=6]},thick](180:{4}) arc[start angle=180, delta angle=-180+tetM, radius={4}]node[pos=0.5,above]{$theta$};
draw [-{>[length=6]},line width=0.7mm](tetM:{4}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={4}]node[pos=0.5,above right=3pt]{$dtheta$};
end{scope}
end{tikzpicture}
end{document}
Notice that I used the 3d library for that because I find it more intuitive. And I think you could use it all over instead of switching to all these rotated coordinate systems. Here is what I got.
documentclass[tikz,border=3.14mm]{standalone}
usepackage{tikz-3dplot}
usetikzlibrary{3d,arrows.meta,calc}
begin{document}
tdplotsetmaincoords{70}{120}
begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1.5, tdplot_main_coords]
%
% set some parameters
defra{3.5};
defdfi{-25};
defdr{0.5};
deftetM{150};
defrM{2.5};
%
% draw the back disk face
begin{scope}[canvas is yz plane at x=-9]
draw (0,0) coordinate (M2) circle[radius=ra];
end{scope}
%
% draw the front disk face
%path (-9,0,0) coordinate (M2);
begin{scope}[canvas is zy plane at x=0,xscale=-1]
path (0,0) coordinate (M1);
shade let p1=($(M1)-(M2)$),n1={atan2(y1,x1)} in
[top color=black,bottom color=black!80,middle color=gray!20,
shading angle=n1+90,opacity=1]
($(M1)+(n1-90:ra)$) -- ($(M2)+(n1-90:ra)$)
arc(n1-90:n1+90:ra) -- ($(M1)+(n1+90:ra)$)
arc(n1+90:n1-90:ra);
shade let p1=($(M1)-(M2)$),n1={atan2(y1,x1)} in
[top color=black,bottom color=black!80,middle color=gray!20,
shading angle=n1+90,opacity=0.6]
($(M1)+(n1+90:ra)$) -- ($(M2)+(n1+90:ra)$)
arc(n1+90:n1+270:ra) -- ($(M1)+(n1+270:ra)$)
arc(n1+270:n1+90:ra);
draw[thick] (M1) circle [radius=ra];
coordinate (M) at (tetM:rM);
coordinate (Mp) at (tetM+dfi:rM);
coordinate (Mr) at (tetM:rM+dr);
coordinate (Mpr) at (tetM+dfi:rM+dr);
fill[gray!50,opacity=0.5](tetM:{rM}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={rM}] -- (Mpr) arc[start angle=tetM+dfi, delta angle=-dfi, radius={rM+dr}]--(M);
draw [line width=0.7mm](tetM:{rM}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={rM}] --
(Mpr)node[pos=0.5,below,sloped,rotate=90]{$mathrm{d}r$} arc[start angle=tetM+dfi, delta angle=-dfi, radius={rM+dr}]--(M);
draw[fill,red](tetM+dfi/2:rM+dr/2) coordinate (P) circle(1.5pt);
draw[line width=0.7mm](M1)--(M)node[pos=0.7,above,sloped,rotate=90]{$r$};
draw[dashed](tetM:0)--(tetM:5);
draw[dashed](tetM+dfi:0)--(tetM+dfi:5);
draw [-{>[length=6]},thick](180:{4}) arc[start angle=180, delta angle=-180+tetM, radius={4}]node[pos=0.5,above]{$theta$};
draw [-{>[length=6]},line width=0.7mm](tetM:{4}) arc[start angle=tetM, delta angle=dfi, radius={4}]node[pos=0.5,above right=3pt]{$dtheta$};
end{scope}
draw[line width=0.7mm,->,>=Stealth,red](P)--++(1.5,0,0)node[below right=-3pt]
{$mathrm{d}vec{S}$};
% draw axes
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(3,0,0)node[below]{emph{x}};
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(0,7,0)node[above]{emph{y}};
draw[line width=0.3mm,->,>={Latex[length=6]}](0,0,0)--(0,0,7)node[left=-3pt]{emph{z}};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0)--(1,0)node[pos=0.9, above]{$vec{u}_x$};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0)--(0,1)node[pos=0.8, below]{$vec{u}_y$};
draw[line width=0.7mm,-stealth](0,0,0)--(0,0,1)node[pos=0.7, left]{$vec{u}_z$};
end{tikzpicture}
end{document}
answered Jan 29 at 19:07
marmotmarmot
97.9k4113217
edited Jan 29 at 19:32
answered Jan 29 at 19:07
marmotmarmot
97.9k4113217
answered Jan 29 at 19:07
marmotmarmot
97.9k4113217
answered Jan 29 at 19:07
marmotmarmot
97.9k4113217
97.9k4113217
Many thanks, that's exactly what I need. You're right, your second proposition better fits.
– Julien Faure
Jan 29 at 21:22
What do you mean by accepting it? I guess I had to clic on the "green check" right? I have copy-past your solution and as I said, it works fine. But it remains quite obscure for me. I can't figure out what 'let', 'p1', 'n1'... do. If you know any ressource I could read to learn more about that, it will be very helpfull.
– Julien Faure
Jan 30 at 9:22
@JulienFaure Thanks! The syntaxlet p1=($(M1)-(M2)$),n1={atan2(y1,x1)} inmeasures the 2d (!) slope of a line that connects the centers of the circles. Given the slope, it is then clear where the tangents which we are looking for attach to the circles. These tangents define the boundaries of the cylinder. The slope angle,n1, is also used to rotate the shading, which should be along the direction of the tangents.
– marmot
Jan 30 at 13:28
add a comment |
Many thanks, that's exactly what I need. You're right, your second proposition better fits.
– Julien Faure
Jan 29 at 21:22
What do you mean by accepting it? I guess I had to clic on the "green check" right? I have copy-past your solution and as I said, it works fine. But it remains quite obscure for me. I can't figure out what 'let', 'p1', 'n1'... do. If you know any ressource I could read to learn more about that, it will be very helpfull.
– Julien Faure
Jan 30 at 9:22
@JulienFaure Thanks! The syntaxlet p1=($(M1)-(M2)$),n1={atan2(y1,x1)} inmeasures the 2d (!) slope of a line that connects the centers of the circles. Given the slope, it is then clear where the tangents which we are looking for attach to the circles. These tangents define the boundaries of the cylinder. The slope angle,n1, is also used to rotate the shading, which should be along the direction of the tangents.
– marmot
Jan 30 at 13:28
Many thanks, that's exactly what I need. You're right, your second proposition better fits.
– Julien Faure
Jan 29 at 21:22
Many thanks, that's exactly what I need. You're right, your second proposition better fits.
– Julien Faure
Jan 29 at 21:22
What do you mean by accepting it? I guess I had to clic on the "green check" right? I have copy-past your solution and as I said, it works fine. But it remains quite obscure for me. I can't figure out what 'let', 'p1', 'n1'... do. If you know any ressource I could read to learn more about that, it will be very helpfull.
– Julien Faure
Jan 30 at 9:22
What do you mean by accepting it? I guess I had to clic on the "green check" right? I have copy-past your solution and as I said, it works fine. But it remains quite obscure for me. I can't figure out what 'let', 'p1', 'n1'... do. If you know any ressource I could read to learn more about that, it will be very helpfull.
– Julien Faure
Jan 30 at 9:22
@JulienFaure Thanks! The syntax
let p1=($(M1)-(M2)$),n1={atan2(y1,x1)} in measures the 2d (!) slope of a line that connects the centers of the circles. Given the slope, it is then clear where the tangents which we are looking for attach to the circles. These tangents define the boundaries of the cylinder. The slope angle, n1, is also used to rotate the shading, which should be along the direction of the tangents.– marmot
Jan 30 at 13:28
@JulienFaure Thanks! The syntax
let p1=($(M1)-(M2)$),n1={atan2(y1,x1)} in measures the 2d (!) slope of a line that connects the centers of the circles. Given the slope, it is then clear where the tangents which we are looking for attach to the circles. These tangents define the boundaries of the cylinder. The slope angle, n1, is also used to rotate the shading, which should be along the direction of the tangents.– marmot
Jan 30 at 13:28
add a comment |
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