Proper casing in citation/bibliography titles using biblatex/Biber












35















My understanding is that bibtex lets the citation style handle capitalization of titles, which is what I would expect from an automated citation tool. Do biblatex and Biber also do this? The document I am working on with these tools seems to be preserving the capitalization in the bib database, which is NOT what I want, and I haven't found any clear references that explain what the expected behavior is.






biblatex capitalization







share|improve this question




















  • 1





    How are you calling biblatex?

    – egreg
    Jun 9 '11 at 17:18
















35















My understanding is that bibtex lets the citation style handle capitalization of titles, which is what I would expect from an automated citation tool. Do biblatex and Biber also do this? The document I am working on with these tools seems to be preserving the capitalization in the bib database, which is NOT what I want, and I haven't found any clear references that explain what the expected behavior is.






biblatex capitalization







share|improve this question




















  • 1





    How are you calling biblatex?

    – egreg
    Jun 9 '11 at 17:18














35












35








35


6






My understanding is that bibtex lets the citation style handle capitalization of titles, which is what I would expect from an automated citation tool. Do biblatex and Biber also do this? The document I am working on with these tools seems to be preserving the capitalization in the bib database, which is NOT what I want, and I haven't found any clear references that explain what the expected behavior is.






biblatex capitalization







share|improve this question
















My understanding is that bibtex lets the citation style handle capitalization of titles, which is what I would expect from an automated citation tool. Do biblatex and Biber also do this? The document I am working on with these tools seems to be preserving the capitalization in the bib database, which is NOT what I want, and I haven't found any clear references that explain what the expected behavior is.






biblatex capitalization




biblatex capitalization






share|improve this question















share|improve this question













share|improve this question




share|improve this question








edited Jun 10 '11 at 19:56









lockstep

193k53593723




193k53593723










asked Jun 9 '11 at 17:01









JonathanJonathan

17824




17824








  • 1





    How are you calling biblatex?

    – egreg
    Jun 9 '11 at 17:18














  • 1





    How are you calling biblatex?

    – egreg
    Jun 9 '11 at 17:18








1




1





How are you calling biblatex?

– egreg
Jun 9 '11 at 17:18





How are you calling biblatex?

– egreg
Jun 9 '11 at 17:18










2 Answers
2






active

oldest

votes


















30














It might depend on the style and language(s) you are using, but generally titles are printed in the field format titlecase. By default, titlecase has no effect on casing; from biblatex.def:



DeclareFieldFormat{titlecase}{#1}


If you want all titles in sentence case (i.e. first letter capitalized, the rest in lowercase) you can redefine this format:



DeclareFieldFormat{titlecase}{MakeSentenceCase*{#1}}


The MakeSentenceCase* command converts its argument to sentence case, except for text enclosed in braces ({}). It also generally has no effect on control sequences. However Latin characters in math ($...$ or (...)) are affected and control sequences in $...$ generate parsing errors. To avoid these issues all math can be wrapped in braces. Wrapping a single character in braces affects its kerning, so the biblatex manual recommends wrapping braces around entire words. For example:



title = {An Introduction to {LaTeX}}


instead of:



title = {An Introduction to {L}a{T}e{X}}


You can make casing depend on the entry type(s) by adding an optional argument - for example:



DeclareFieldFormat[article]{titlecase}{MakeSentenceCase*{#1}}


One catch here is that the titlecase format is rolled out to all titles within an entry type. So in the above example both the title and journaltitle fields would be printed in sentence case. This question addresses how to make title case depend on both the entry and field types.



DeclareCaseLangs specifies all the languages that the starred version MakeSentenceCase* converts to sentence case. By default we have:



DeclareCaseLangs{%     

  american,british,canadian,english,australian,newzealand,USenglish,UKenglish}


For further details, see biblatex documentation on the above commands and release notes under the heading "Sentence case vs. title case".




edit by @moewe: The biblatex documentation recommends the starred version MakeSentenceCase* over the unstarred MakeSentenceCase.



The starred version MakeSentenceCase* only applies sentence casing of the language of the entry (as given in the langid field or if it is empty, the surrounding language) is in the list of languages where sentence casing makes sense (as defined by DeclareCaseLangs).



MakeSentenceCase applies sentence casing regardless of the language settings and may result in unwanted capitalisation changes in non-English contexts (German for example has no notion of Title Case vs sentence case and English sentence casing as implemented in MakeSentenceCase would lead violate the rules of orthography).







share|improve this answer


























  • Ah, so biblatex automates sentence casing as an override of what is otherwise assumed to be title casing. Clever. Thanks.

    – Jonathan
    Jun 13 '11 at 6:09











  • @Jonathan That's right. I assume the underlying reasoning is that a decent macro to convert a string to title case would be quite tedious to construct.

    – Audrey
    Jun 13 '11 at 16:53






  • 1





    @TeXnewbie The default titlecase format doesn't change casing. If you want all titles in sentence case, just add DeclareFieldFormat{titlecase}{MakeSentenceCase{#1}} to your preamble.

    – Audrey
    Nov 8 '12 at 3:00






  • 1





    @TeXnewbie That is referred to as "title case". biblatex doesn't offer a title case macro. If you use title case, you can apply it throughout your bib file and use MakeSentenceCase whenever needed. Macros to apply title case are available, though biber's sourcemap feature might be better for this job.

    – Audrey
    Nov 9 '12 at 0:48






  • 1





    @PatrickT biblatex only has a macro to convert text to sentence case. There is no command to convert anything to Title Case. The implicit assumption is that people store titles in Title Case and that a style can convert titles to sentence case if need be. (BibTeX works similarly.) Hence there is no MakeTitleCase and DeclareFieldFormat{titlecase}{#1} simply disables sentence casing. apacase instead of titlecase is a design decision of biblatex-apa. All standard styles use titlecase, but biblatex-apa has more complex rules and uses apacase.

    – moewe
    Apr 1 at 10:06





















4














If you are using biblatex with style=apa and want to keep the casing of your bib-file you need to use



DeclareFieldFormat{apacase}{#1}


The default is to capitalize only the first letter.






share|improve this answer
























  • what file does this go in? Please assist

    – khaverim
    Jan 9 '18 at 22:35








  • 1





    Your tex file, directly after initializing biblatex.

    – BenjaminH
    Jan 10 '18 at 21:00












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2 Answers
2






active

oldest

votes








2 Answers
2






active

oldest

votes









active

oldest

votes






active

oldest

votes









30














It might depend on the style and language(s) you are using, but generally titles are printed in the field format titlecase. By default, titlecase has no effect on casing; from biblatex.def:



DeclareFieldFormat{titlecase}{#1}


If you want all titles in sentence case (i.e. first letter capitalized, the rest in lowercase) you can redefine this format:



DeclareFieldFormat{titlecase}{MakeSentenceCase*{#1}}


The MakeSentenceCase* command converts its argument to sentence case, except for text enclosed in braces ({}). It also generally has no effect on control sequences. However Latin characters in math ($...$ or (...)) are affected and control sequences in $...$ generate parsing errors. To avoid these issues all math can be wrapped in braces. Wrapping a single character in braces affects its kerning, so the biblatex manual recommends wrapping braces around entire words. For example:



title = {An Introduction to {LaTeX}}


instead of:



title = {An Introduction to {L}a{T}e{X}}


You can make casing depend on the entry type(s) by adding an optional argument - for example:



DeclareFieldFormat[article]{titlecase}{MakeSentenceCase*{#1}}


One catch here is that the titlecase format is rolled out to all titles within an entry type. So in the above example both the title and journaltitle fields would be printed in sentence case. This question addresses how to make title case depend on both the entry and field types.



DeclareCaseLangs specifies all the languages that the starred version MakeSentenceCase* converts to sentence case. By default we have:



DeclareCaseLangs{%     

  american,british,canadian,english,australian,newzealand,USenglish,UKenglish}


For further details, see biblatex documentation on the above commands and release notes under the heading "Sentence case vs. title case".




edit by @moewe: The biblatex documentation recommends the starred version MakeSentenceCase* over the unstarred MakeSentenceCase.



The starred version MakeSentenceCase* only applies sentence casing of the language of the entry (as given in the langid field or if it is empty, the surrounding language) is in the list of languages where sentence casing makes sense (as defined by DeclareCaseLangs).



MakeSentenceCase applies sentence casing regardless of the language settings and may result in unwanted capitalisation changes in non-English contexts (German for example has no notion of Title Case vs sentence case and English sentence casing as implemented in MakeSentenceCase would lead violate the rules of orthography).







share|improve this answer


























  • Ah, so biblatex automates sentence casing as an override of what is otherwise assumed to be title casing. Clever. Thanks.

    – Jonathan
    Jun 13 '11 at 6:09











  • @Jonathan That's right. I assume the underlying reasoning is that a decent macro to convert a string to title case would be quite tedious to construct.

    – Audrey
    Jun 13 '11 at 16:53






  • 1





    @TeXnewbie The default titlecase format doesn't change casing. If you want all titles in sentence case, just add DeclareFieldFormat{titlecase}{MakeSentenceCase{#1}} to your preamble.

    – Audrey
    Nov 8 '12 at 3:00






  • 1





    @TeXnewbie That is referred to as "title case". biblatex doesn't offer a title case macro. If you use title case, you can apply it throughout your bib file and use MakeSentenceCase whenever needed. Macros to apply title case are available, though biber's sourcemap feature might be better for this job.

    – Audrey
    Nov 9 '12 at 0:48






  • 1





    @PatrickT biblatex only has a macro to convert text to sentence case. There is no command to convert anything to Title Case. The implicit assumption is that people store titles in Title Case and that a style can convert titles to sentence case if need be. (BibTeX works similarly.) Hence there is no MakeTitleCase and DeclareFieldFormat{titlecase}{#1} simply disables sentence casing. apacase instead of titlecase is a design decision of biblatex-apa. All standard styles use titlecase, but biblatex-apa has more complex rules and uses apacase.

    – moewe
    Apr 1 at 10:06


















30














It might depend on the style and language(s) you are using, but generally titles are printed in the field format titlecase. By default, titlecase has no effect on casing; from biblatex.def:



DeclareFieldFormat{titlecase}{#1}


If you want all titles in sentence case (i.e. first letter capitalized, the rest in lowercase) you can redefine this format:



DeclareFieldFormat{titlecase}{MakeSentenceCase*{#1}}


The MakeSentenceCase* command converts its argument to sentence case, except for text enclosed in braces ({}). It also generally has no effect on control sequences. However Latin characters in math ($...$ or (...)) are affected and control sequences in $...$ generate parsing errors. To avoid these issues all math can be wrapped in braces. Wrapping a single character in braces affects its kerning, so the biblatex manual recommends wrapping braces around entire words. For example:



title = {An Introduction to {LaTeX}}


instead of:



title = {An Introduction to {L}a{T}e{X}}


You can make casing depend on the entry type(s) by adding an optional argument - for example:



DeclareFieldFormat[article]{titlecase}{MakeSentenceCase*{#1}}


One catch here is that the titlecase format is rolled out to all titles within an entry type. So in the above example both the title and journaltitle fields would be printed in sentence case. This question addresses how to make title case depend on both the entry and field types.



DeclareCaseLangs specifies all the languages that the starred version MakeSentenceCase* converts to sentence case. By default we have:



DeclareCaseLangs{%     

  american,british,canadian,english,australian,newzealand,USenglish,UKenglish}


For further details, see biblatex documentation on the above commands and release notes under the heading "Sentence case vs. title case".




edit by @moewe: The biblatex documentation recommends the starred version MakeSentenceCase* over the unstarred MakeSentenceCase.



The starred version MakeSentenceCase* only applies sentence casing of the language of the entry (as given in the langid field or if it is empty, the surrounding language) is in the list of languages where sentence casing makes sense (as defined by DeclareCaseLangs).



MakeSentenceCase applies sentence casing regardless of the language settings and may result in unwanted capitalisation changes in non-English contexts (German for example has no notion of Title Case vs sentence case and English sentence casing as implemented in MakeSentenceCase would lead violate the rules of orthography).







share|improve this answer


























  • Ah, so biblatex automates sentence casing as an override of what is otherwise assumed to be title casing. Clever. Thanks.

    – Jonathan
    Jun 13 '11 at 6:09











  • @Jonathan That's right. I assume the underlying reasoning is that a decent macro to convert a string to title case would be quite tedious to construct.

    – Audrey
    Jun 13 '11 at 16:53






  • 1





    @TeXnewbie The default titlecase format doesn't change casing. If you want all titles in sentence case, just add DeclareFieldFormat{titlecase}{MakeSentenceCase{#1}} to your preamble.

    – Audrey
    Nov 8 '12 at 3:00






  • 1





    @TeXnewbie That is referred to as "title case". biblatex doesn't offer a title case macro. If you use title case, you can apply it throughout your bib file and use MakeSentenceCase whenever needed. Macros to apply title case are available, though biber's sourcemap feature might be better for this job.

    – Audrey
    Nov 9 '12 at 0:48






  • 1





    @PatrickT biblatex only has a macro to convert text to sentence case. There is no command to convert anything to Title Case. The implicit assumption is that people store titles in Title Case and that a style can convert titles to sentence case if need be. (BibTeX works similarly.) Hence there is no MakeTitleCase and DeclareFieldFormat{titlecase}{#1} simply disables sentence casing. apacase instead of titlecase is a design decision of biblatex-apa. All standard styles use titlecase, but biblatex-apa has more complex rules and uses apacase.

    – moewe
    Apr 1 at 10:06
















30












30








30







It might depend on the style and language(s) you are using, but generally titles are printed in the field format titlecase. By default, titlecase has no effect on casing; from biblatex.def:



DeclareFieldFormat{titlecase}{#1}


If you want all titles in sentence case (i.e. first letter capitalized, the rest in lowercase) you can redefine this format:



DeclareFieldFormat{titlecase}{MakeSentenceCase*{#1}}


The MakeSentenceCase* command converts its argument to sentence case, except for text enclosed in braces ({}). It also generally has no effect on control sequences. However Latin characters in math ($...$ or (...)) are affected and control sequences in $...$ generate parsing errors. To avoid these issues all math can be wrapped in braces. Wrapping a single character in braces affects its kerning, so the biblatex manual recommends wrapping braces around entire words. For example:



title = {An Introduction to {LaTeX}}


instead of:



title = {An Introduction to {L}a{T}e{X}}


You can make casing depend on the entry type(s) by adding an optional argument - for example:



DeclareFieldFormat[article]{titlecase}{MakeSentenceCase*{#1}}


One catch here is that the titlecase format is rolled out to all titles within an entry type. So in the above example both the title and journaltitle fields would be printed in sentence case. This question addresses how to make title case depend on both the entry and field types.



DeclareCaseLangs specifies all the languages that the starred version MakeSentenceCase* converts to sentence case. By default we have:



DeclareCaseLangs{%     

  american,british,canadian,english,australian,newzealand,USenglish,UKenglish}


For further details, see biblatex documentation on the above commands and release notes under the heading "Sentence case vs. title case".




edit by @moewe: The biblatex documentation recommends the starred version MakeSentenceCase* over the unstarred MakeSentenceCase.



The starred version MakeSentenceCase* only applies sentence casing of the language of the entry (as given in the langid field or if it is empty, the surrounding language) is in the list of languages where sentence casing makes sense (as defined by DeclareCaseLangs).



MakeSentenceCase applies sentence casing regardless of the language settings and may result in unwanted capitalisation changes in non-English contexts (German for example has no notion of Title Case vs sentence case and English sentence casing as implemented in MakeSentenceCase would lead violate the rules of orthography).







share|improve this answer















It might depend on the style and language(s) you are using, but generally titles are printed in the field format titlecase. By default, titlecase has no effect on casing; from biblatex.def:



DeclareFieldFormat{titlecase}{#1}


If you want all titles in sentence case (i.e. first letter capitalized, the rest in lowercase) you can redefine this format:



DeclareFieldFormat{titlecase}{MakeSentenceCase*{#1}}


The MakeSentenceCase* command converts its argument to sentence case, except for text enclosed in braces ({}). It also generally has no effect on control sequences. However Latin characters in math ($...$ or (...)) are affected and control sequences in $...$ generate parsing errors. To avoid these issues all math can be wrapped in braces. Wrapping a single character in braces affects its kerning, so the biblatex manual recommends wrapping braces around entire words. For example:



title = {An Introduction to {LaTeX}}


instead of:



title = {An Introduction to {L}a{T}e{X}}


You can make casing depend on the entry type(s) by adding an optional argument - for example:



DeclareFieldFormat[article]{titlecase}{MakeSentenceCase*{#1}}


One catch here is that the titlecase format is rolled out to all titles within an entry type. So in the above example both the title and journaltitle fields would be printed in sentence case. This question addresses how to make title case depend on both the entry and field types.



DeclareCaseLangs specifies all the languages that the starred version MakeSentenceCase* converts to sentence case. By default we have:



DeclareCaseLangs{%     

  american,british,canadian,english,australian,newzealand,USenglish,UKenglish}


For further details, see biblatex documentation on the above commands and release notes under the heading "Sentence case vs. title case".




edit by @moewe: The biblatex documentation recommends the starred version MakeSentenceCase* over the unstarred MakeSentenceCase.



The starred version MakeSentenceCase* only applies sentence casing of the language of the entry (as given in the langid field or if it is empty, the surrounding language) is in the list of languages where sentence casing makes sense (as defined by DeclareCaseLangs).



MakeSentenceCase applies sentence casing regardless of the language settings and may result in unwanted capitalisation changes in non-English contexts (German for example has no notion of Title Case vs sentence case and English sentence casing as implemented in MakeSentenceCase would lead violate the rules of orthography).








share|improve this answer














share|improve this answer



share|improve this answer








edited Apr 1 at 10:24









moewe

96.6k10118362




96.6k10118362










answered Jun 9 '11 at 19:57









AudreyAudrey

25.1k292146




25.1k292146













  • Ah, so biblatex automates sentence casing as an override of what is otherwise assumed to be title casing. Clever. Thanks.

    – Jonathan
    Jun 13 '11 at 6:09











  • @Jonathan That's right. I assume the underlying reasoning is that a decent macro to convert a string to title case would be quite tedious to construct.

    – Audrey
    Jun 13 '11 at 16:53






  • 1





    @TeXnewbie The default titlecase format doesn't change casing. If you want all titles in sentence case, just add DeclareFieldFormat{titlecase}{MakeSentenceCase{#1}} to your preamble.

    – Audrey
    Nov 8 '12 at 3:00






  • 1





    @TeXnewbie That is referred to as "title case". biblatex doesn't offer a title case macro. If you use title case, you can apply it throughout your bib file and use MakeSentenceCase whenever needed. Macros to apply title case are available, though biber's sourcemap feature might be better for this job.

    – Audrey
    Nov 9 '12 at 0:48






  • 1





    @PatrickT biblatex only has a macro to convert text to sentence case. There is no command to convert anything to Title Case. The implicit assumption is that people store titles in Title Case and that a style can convert titles to sentence case if need be. (BibTeX works similarly.) Hence there is no MakeTitleCase and DeclareFieldFormat{titlecase}{#1} simply disables sentence casing. apacase instead of titlecase is a design decision of biblatex-apa. All standard styles use titlecase, but biblatex-apa has more complex rules and uses apacase.

    – moewe
    Apr 1 at 10:06





















  • Ah, so biblatex automates sentence casing as an override of what is otherwise assumed to be title casing. Clever. Thanks.

    – Jonathan
    Jun 13 '11 at 6:09











  • @Jonathan That's right. I assume the underlying reasoning is that a decent macro to convert a string to title case would be quite tedious to construct.

    – Audrey
    Jun 13 '11 at 16:53






  • 1





    @TeXnewbie The default titlecase format doesn't change casing. If you want all titles in sentence case, just add DeclareFieldFormat{titlecase}{MakeSentenceCase{#1}} to your preamble.

    – Audrey
    Nov 8 '12 at 3:00






  • 1





    @TeXnewbie That is referred to as "title case". biblatex doesn't offer a title case macro. If you use title case, you can apply it throughout your bib file and use MakeSentenceCase whenever needed. Macros to apply title case are available, though biber's sourcemap feature might be better for this job.

    – Audrey
    Nov 9 '12 at 0:48






  • 1





    @PatrickT biblatex only has a macro to convert text to sentence case. There is no command to convert anything to Title Case. The implicit assumption is that people store titles in Title Case and that a style can convert titles to sentence case if need be. (BibTeX works similarly.) Hence there is no MakeTitleCase and DeclareFieldFormat{titlecase}{#1} simply disables sentence casing. apacase instead of titlecase is a design decision of biblatex-apa. All standard styles use titlecase, but biblatex-apa has more complex rules and uses apacase.

    – moewe
    Apr 1 at 10:06



















Ah, so biblatex automates sentence casing as an override of what is otherwise assumed to be title casing. Clever. Thanks.

– Jonathan
Jun 13 '11 at 6:09





Ah, so biblatex automates sentence casing as an override of what is otherwise assumed to be title casing. Clever. Thanks.

– Jonathan
Jun 13 '11 at 6:09













@Jonathan That's right. I assume the underlying reasoning is that a decent macro to convert a string to title case would be quite tedious to construct.

– Audrey
Jun 13 '11 at 16:53





@Jonathan That's right. I assume the underlying reasoning is that a decent macro to convert a string to title case would be quite tedious to construct.

– Audrey
Jun 13 '11 at 16:53




1




1





@TeXnewbie The default titlecase format doesn't change casing. If you want all titles in sentence case, just add DeclareFieldFormat{titlecase}{MakeSentenceCase{#1}} to your preamble.

– Audrey
Nov 8 '12 at 3:00





@TeXnewbie The default titlecase format doesn't change casing. If you want all titles in sentence case, just add DeclareFieldFormat{titlecase}{MakeSentenceCase{#1}} to your preamble.

– Audrey
Nov 8 '12 at 3:00




1




1





@TeXnewbie That is referred to as "title case". biblatex doesn't offer a title case macro. If you use title case, you can apply it throughout your bib file and use MakeSentenceCase whenever needed. Macros to apply title case are available, though biber's sourcemap feature might be better for this job.

– Audrey
Nov 9 '12 at 0:48





@TeXnewbie That is referred to as "title case". biblatex doesn't offer a title case macro. If you use title case, you can apply it throughout your bib file and use MakeSentenceCase whenever needed. Macros to apply title case are available, though biber's sourcemap feature might be better for this job.

– Audrey
Nov 9 '12 at 0:48




1




1





@PatrickT biblatex only has a macro to convert text to sentence case. There is no command to convert anything to Title Case. The implicit assumption is that people store titles in Title Case and that a style can convert titles to sentence case if need be. (BibTeX works similarly.) Hence there is no MakeTitleCase and DeclareFieldFormat{titlecase}{#1} simply disables sentence casing. apacase instead of titlecase is a design decision of biblatex-apa. All standard styles use titlecase, but biblatex-apa has more complex rules and uses apacase.

– moewe
Apr 1 at 10:06







@PatrickT biblatex only has a macro to convert text to sentence case. There is no command to convert anything to Title Case. The implicit assumption is that people store titles in Title Case and that a style can convert titles to sentence case if need be. (BibTeX works similarly.) Hence there is no MakeTitleCase and DeclareFieldFormat{titlecase}{#1} simply disables sentence casing. apacase instead of titlecase is a design decision of biblatex-apa. All standard styles use titlecase, but biblatex-apa has more complex rules and uses apacase.

– moewe
Apr 1 at 10:06













4














If you are using biblatex with style=apa and want to keep the casing of your bib-file you need to use



DeclareFieldFormat{apacase}{#1}


The default is to capitalize only the first letter.






share|improve this answer
























  • what file does this go in? Please assist

    – khaverim
    Jan 9 '18 at 22:35








  • 1





    Your tex file, directly after initializing biblatex.

    – BenjaminH
    Jan 10 '18 at 21:00
















4














If you are using biblatex with style=apa and want to keep the casing of your bib-file you need to use



DeclareFieldFormat{apacase}{#1}


The default is to capitalize only the first letter.






share|improve this answer
























  • what file does this go in? Please assist

    – khaverim
    Jan 9 '18 at 22:35








  • 1





    Your tex file, directly after initializing biblatex.

    – BenjaminH
    Jan 10 '18 at 21:00














4












4








4







If you are using biblatex with style=apa and want to keep the casing of your bib-file you need to use



DeclareFieldFormat{apacase}{#1}


The default is to capitalize only the first letter.






share|improve this answer













If you are using biblatex with style=apa and want to keep the casing of your bib-file you need to use



DeclareFieldFormat{apacase}{#1}


The default is to capitalize only the first letter.







share|improve this answer












share|improve this answer



share|improve this answer










answered Aug 29 '16 at 12:09









BenjaminHBenjaminH

53839




53839













  • what file does this go in? Please assist

    – khaverim
    Jan 9 '18 at 22:35








  • 1





    Your tex file, directly after initializing biblatex.

    – BenjaminH
    Jan 10 '18 at 21:00



















  • what file does this go in? Please assist

    – khaverim
    Jan 9 '18 at 22:35








  • 1





    Your tex file, directly after initializing biblatex.

    – BenjaminH
    Jan 10 '18 at 21:00

















what file does this go in? Please assist

– khaverim
Jan 9 '18 at 22:35







what file does this go in? Please assist

– khaverim
Jan 9 '18 at 22:35






1




1





Your tex file, directly after initializing biblatex.

– BenjaminH
Jan 10 '18 at 21:00





Your tex file, directly after initializing biblatex.

– BenjaminH
Jan 10 '18 at 21:00


















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