Did the founding members of the Black Panthers ever mention the role of Malcolm X in creating their group?











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I'm trying to find out if the Black Panther Party (BPP) ever said (preferably in an interview of some kind) whether Malcolm X or the Nation of Islam's more active approach to civil rights helped to inspire the creation of their party.










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    up vote
    11
    down vote

    favorite












    I'm trying to find out if the Black Panther Party (BPP) ever said (preferably in an interview of some kind) whether Malcolm X or the Nation of Islam's more active approach to civil rights helped to inspire the creation of their party.










    share|improve this question


























      up vote
      11
      down vote

      favorite









      up vote
      11
      down vote

      favorite











      I'm trying to find out if the Black Panther Party (BPP) ever said (preferably in an interview of some kind) whether Malcolm X or the Nation of Islam's more active approach to civil rights helped to inspire the creation of their party.










      share|improve this question















      I'm trying to find out if the Black Panther Party (BPP) ever said (preferably in an interview of some kind) whether Malcolm X or the Nation of Islam's more active approach to civil rights helped to inspire the creation of their party.







      united-states 20th-century civil-rights black-history






      share|improve this question















      share|improve this question













      share|improve this question




      share|improve this question








      edited Nov 29 at 14:17









      Lars Bosteen

      35.8k8172235




      35.8k8172235










      asked Nov 29 at 9:32









      Enda

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      586






















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          Both of the party's founders Bobby Seale and Huey P. Newton were inspired and influenced by the 'post-Nation of Islam' Malcom X. However, the Black Panther Party (BPP) largely rejected the Nation of Islam's (NOI) approach as they deemed it not active enough (among several other things). Nonetheless, the BPP's initial Ten Point Program bore a close resemblance to that of the Nation of Islam



          Bobby Seale's book Seize the Time: The Story of the Black Panther Party mentions Malcolm X numerous times, and leaves little doubt that he was an inspiration. For example, Seale writes:




          Malcolm X had advocated armed self-defense against the racist power
          structure and show the racist white power structure that we intend to
          use the guns to defend our people. All these cultural nationalists,
          these underground RAM bastards, all of them, were scared and rejected
          it....The only people hanging on
          to it were Huey P. Newton leading it and me




          Note: by 'cultural nationalists', Seale was referring to the NOI, among others.



          More specifically on guns, Seale says:




          ...we wanted these guns to begin to institutionalize and let black
          people know that we have to defend ourselves as Malcolm X said we
          must.




          The BPP, of course, became notorious for their open displays of weapons and numerous confrontations with the police. It's also worth noting that when the party was founded (in Oct. 1966), it was orginally called the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense



          Seale also relates how he "cried like a baby....I was ready to die that day" when he heard Malcolm X had been shot (in Feb 1965). In another passage, Seale says of his co-founder:




          Malcolm X talked about organization and doing things, and righteously
          going out there and doing it. The cultural nationalists, on the other
          hand, wanted to sit down and articulate bullshit, while Huey P. Newton
          wanted to go out and implement stuff.




          enter image description here



          Source: Pinterest



          In a 1988 interview, Seale mentioned several influences and stressed the importance of learning, among other things, more about US history:




          Huey and I had been involved for some time, off and on, studying Black
          history, what have you, what Malcolm had done...I was highly
          influenced by Martin Luther King at first and then later Malcolm X.
          Largely the Black Panther Party come out of a lot of readings.... And there we were with all this knowledge about our history, our struggle against racism and when we started the Black Panther Party it was more or less based
          on where Malcolm was coming from, where our struggle was, an argument
          about the Civil Rights Movement not learning to own property...




          On Malcom X and the BPP's origins, Huey P. Newton wrote:




          Malcolm X was the first political person in this country that I really
          identified with...We continue to believe that the Black Panther Party
          exists in the spirit of Malcolm . . . the Party is a living testament
          to his life and work.




          Quoted in The Huey P. Newton Reader



          As David Hilliard observes in his introduction to The Huey P. Newton Reader,




          Although Huey and co-founder Bobby Seale did not aspire to replicate
          Malcolm's Organization of Afro-American Unity, the fledgling political
          entity whose fruition was cut short by his murder in February 1965,
          Malcolm's teachings were nevertheless fundamental in structuring the
          Black Panther Party for Self-Defense, as the group was originally
          named in October 1966.




          Malcolm X not the only person who inspired the BPP, though. Mao, Frantz Fanon and Ghanaian President Kwame Nkrumah (among others) also influenced the BPP founders, especially Newton. Books by Malcolm X, Fanon and Nkrumah were at the top of the BPP's required required reading list.



          The BPP's leftist orientation and willingness to work with other leftist organizations regardless of race set them very apart from the Nation of Islam. Although the two groups did share some aims, their methods and ideologies were very different. Seale does not mention the NOI even once in Seize the Time.



          When at Oakland City College, Newton had heard Malcolm X and Muhammed Ali speak and, while "impressed with the objectives and overall program" of the NOI (of which Malcolm and Ali were then members), rejected the organization. He later explained




          By this time, I had had enough of religion and could not bring myself
          to adopt another one. I needed a more concrete understanding of social
          conditions. References to God or Allah did not satisfy my stubborn
          thirst for answers.




          Quoted in: Judson L. Jeffries, Huey P. Newton: The Radical Theorist





          Other source:



          Judson L. Jeffries (ed), On the Ground: The Black Panther Party in Communities across America






          share|improve this answer























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            up vote
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            accepted










            Both of the party's founders Bobby Seale and Huey P. Newton were inspired and influenced by the 'post-Nation of Islam' Malcom X. However, the Black Panther Party (BPP) largely rejected the Nation of Islam's (NOI) approach as they deemed it not active enough (among several other things). Nonetheless, the BPP's initial Ten Point Program bore a close resemblance to that of the Nation of Islam



            Bobby Seale's book Seize the Time: The Story of the Black Panther Party mentions Malcolm X numerous times, and leaves little doubt that he was an inspiration. For example, Seale writes:




            Malcolm X had advocated armed self-defense against the racist power
            structure and show the racist white power structure that we intend to
            use the guns to defend our people. All these cultural nationalists,
            these underground RAM bastards, all of them, were scared and rejected
            it....The only people hanging on
            to it were Huey P. Newton leading it and me




            Note: by 'cultural nationalists', Seale was referring to the NOI, among others.



            More specifically on guns, Seale says:




            ...we wanted these guns to begin to institutionalize and let black
            people know that we have to defend ourselves as Malcolm X said we
            must.




            The BPP, of course, became notorious for their open displays of weapons and numerous confrontations with the police. It's also worth noting that when the party was founded (in Oct. 1966), it was orginally called the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense



            Seale also relates how he "cried like a baby....I was ready to die that day" when he heard Malcolm X had been shot (in Feb 1965). In another passage, Seale says of his co-founder:




            Malcolm X talked about organization and doing things, and righteously
            going out there and doing it. The cultural nationalists, on the other
            hand, wanted to sit down and articulate bullshit, while Huey P. Newton
            wanted to go out and implement stuff.




            enter image description here



            Source: Pinterest



            In a 1988 interview, Seale mentioned several influences and stressed the importance of learning, among other things, more about US history:




            Huey and I had been involved for some time, off and on, studying Black
            history, what have you, what Malcolm had done...I was highly
            influenced by Martin Luther King at first and then later Malcolm X.
            Largely the Black Panther Party come out of a lot of readings.... And there we were with all this knowledge about our history, our struggle against racism and when we started the Black Panther Party it was more or less based
            on where Malcolm was coming from, where our struggle was, an argument
            about the Civil Rights Movement not learning to own property...




            On Malcom X and the BPP's origins, Huey P. Newton wrote:




            Malcolm X was the first political person in this country that I really
            identified with...We continue to believe that the Black Panther Party
            exists in the spirit of Malcolm . . . the Party is a living testament
            to his life and work.




            Quoted in The Huey P. Newton Reader



            As David Hilliard observes in his introduction to The Huey P. Newton Reader,




            Although Huey and co-founder Bobby Seale did not aspire to replicate
            Malcolm's Organization of Afro-American Unity, the fledgling political
            entity whose fruition was cut short by his murder in February 1965,
            Malcolm's teachings were nevertheless fundamental in structuring the
            Black Panther Party for Self-Defense, as the group was originally
            named in October 1966.




            Malcolm X not the only person who inspired the BPP, though. Mao, Frantz Fanon and Ghanaian President Kwame Nkrumah (among others) also influenced the BPP founders, especially Newton. Books by Malcolm X, Fanon and Nkrumah were at the top of the BPP's required required reading list.



            The BPP's leftist orientation and willingness to work with other leftist organizations regardless of race set them very apart from the Nation of Islam. Although the two groups did share some aims, their methods and ideologies were very different. Seale does not mention the NOI even once in Seize the Time.



            When at Oakland City College, Newton had heard Malcolm X and Muhammed Ali speak and, while "impressed with the objectives and overall program" of the NOI (of which Malcolm and Ali were then members), rejected the organization. He later explained




            By this time, I had had enough of religion and could not bring myself
            to adopt another one. I needed a more concrete understanding of social
            conditions. References to God or Allah did not satisfy my stubborn
            thirst for answers.




            Quoted in: Judson L. Jeffries, Huey P. Newton: The Radical Theorist





            Other source:



            Judson L. Jeffries (ed), On the Ground: The Black Panther Party in Communities across America






            share|improve this answer



























              up vote
              19
              down vote



              accepted










              Both of the party's founders Bobby Seale and Huey P. Newton were inspired and influenced by the 'post-Nation of Islam' Malcom X. However, the Black Panther Party (BPP) largely rejected the Nation of Islam's (NOI) approach as they deemed it not active enough (among several other things). Nonetheless, the BPP's initial Ten Point Program bore a close resemblance to that of the Nation of Islam



              Bobby Seale's book Seize the Time: The Story of the Black Panther Party mentions Malcolm X numerous times, and leaves little doubt that he was an inspiration. For example, Seale writes:




              Malcolm X had advocated armed self-defense against the racist power
              structure and show the racist white power structure that we intend to
              use the guns to defend our people. All these cultural nationalists,
              these underground RAM bastards, all of them, were scared and rejected
              it....The only people hanging on
              to it were Huey P. Newton leading it and me




              Note: by 'cultural nationalists', Seale was referring to the NOI, among others.



              More specifically on guns, Seale says:




              ...we wanted these guns to begin to institutionalize and let black
              people know that we have to defend ourselves as Malcolm X said we
              must.




              The BPP, of course, became notorious for their open displays of weapons and numerous confrontations with the police. It's also worth noting that when the party was founded (in Oct. 1966), it was orginally called the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense



              Seale also relates how he "cried like a baby....I was ready to die that day" when he heard Malcolm X had been shot (in Feb 1965). In another passage, Seale says of his co-founder:




              Malcolm X talked about organization and doing things, and righteously
              going out there and doing it. The cultural nationalists, on the other
              hand, wanted to sit down and articulate bullshit, while Huey P. Newton
              wanted to go out and implement stuff.




              enter image description here



              Source: Pinterest



              In a 1988 interview, Seale mentioned several influences and stressed the importance of learning, among other things, more about US history:




              Huey and I had been involved for some time, off and on, studying Black
              history, what have you, what Malcolm had done...I was highly
              influenced by Martin Luther King at first and then later Malcolm X.
              Largely the Black Panther Party come out of a lot of readings.... And there we were with all this knowledge about our history, our struggle against racism and when we started the Black Panther Party it was more or less based
              on where Malcolm was coming from, where our struggle was, an argument
              about the Civil Rights Movement not learning to own property...




              On Malcom X and the BPP's origins, Huey P. Newton wrote:




              Malcolm X was the first political person in this country that I really
              identified with...We continue to believe that the Black Panther Party
              exists in the spirit of Malcolm . . . the Party is a living testament
              to his life and work.




              Quoted in The Huey P. Newton Reader



              As David Hilliard observes in his introduction to The Huey P. Newton Reader,




              Although Huey and co-founder Bobby Seale did not aspire to replicate
              Malcolm's Organization of Afro-American Unity, the fledgling political
              entity whose fruition was cut short by his murder in February 1965,
              Malcolm's teachings were nevertheless fundamental in structuring the
              Black Panther Party for Self-Defense, as the group was originally
              named in October 1966.




              Malcolm X not the only person who inspired the BPP, though. Mao, Frantz Fanon and Ghanaian President Kwame Nkrumah (among others) also influenced the BPP founders, especially Newton. Books by Malcolm X, Fanon and Nkrumah were at the top of the BPP's required required reading list.



              The BPP's leftist orientation and willingness to work with other leftist organizations regardless of race set them very apart from the Nation of Islam. Although the two groups did share some aims, their methods and ideologies were very different. Seale does not mention the NOI even once in Seize the Time.



              When at Oakland City College, Newton had heard Malcolm X and Muhammed Ali speak and, while "impressed with the objectives and overall program" of the NOI (of which Malcolm and Ali were then members), rejected the organization. He later explained




              By this time, I had had enough of religion and could not bring myself
              to adopt another one. I needed a more concrete understanding of social
              conditions. References to God or Allah did not satisfy my stubborn
              thirst for answers.




              Quoted in: Judson L. Jeffries, Huey P. Newton: The Radical Theorist





              Other source:



              Judson L. Jeffries (ed), On the Ground: The Black Panther Party in Communities across America






              share|improve this answer

























                up vote
                19
                down vote



                accepted







                up vote
                19
                down vote



                accepted






                Both of the party's founders Bobby Seale and Huey P. Newton were inspired and influenced by the 'post-Nation of Islam' Malcom X. However, the Black Panther Party (BPP) largely rejected the Nation of Islam's (NOI) approach as they deemed it not active enough (among several other things). Nonetheless, the BPP's initial Ten Point Program bore a close resemblance to that of the Nation of Islam



                Bobby Seale's book Seize the Time: The Story of the Black Panther Party mentions Malcolm X numerous times, and leaves little doubt that he was an inspiration. For example, Seale writes:




                Malcolm X had advocated armed self-defense against the racist power
                structure and show the racist white power structure that we intend to
                use the guns to defend our people. All these cultural nationalists,
                these underground RAM bastards, all of them, were scared and rejected
                it....The only people hanging on
                to it were Huey P. Newton leading it and me




                Note: by 'cultural nationalists', Seale was referring to the NOI, among others.



                More specifically on guns, Seale says:




                ...we wanted these guns to begin to institutionalize and let black
                people know that we have to defend ourselves as Malcolm X said we
                must.




                The BPP, of course, became notorious for their open displays of weapons and numerous confrontations with the police. It's also worth noting that when the party was founded (in Oct. 1966), it was orginally called the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense



                Seale also relates how he "cried like a baby....I was ready to die that day" when he heard Malcolm X had been shot (in Feb 1965). In another passage, Seale says of his co-founder:




                Malcolm X talked about organization and doing things, and righteously
                going out there and doing it. The cultural nationalists, on the other
                hand, wanted to sit down and articulate bullshit, while Huey P. Newton
                wanted to go out and implement stuff.




                enter image description here



                Source: Pinterest



                In a 1988 interview, Seale mentioned several influences and stressed the importance of learning, among other things, more about US history:




                Huey and I had been involved for some time, off and on, studying Black
                history, what have you, what Malcolm had done...I was highly
                influenced by Martin Luther King at first and then later Malcolm X.
                Largely the Black Panther Party come out of a lot of readings.... And there we were with all this knowledge about our history, our struggle against racism and when we started the Black Panther Party it was more or less based
                on where Malcolm was coming from, where our struggle was, an argument
                about the Civil Rights Movement not learning to own property...




                On Malcom X and the BPP's origins, Huey P. Newton wrote:




                Malcolm X was the first political person in this country that I really
                identified with...We continue to believe that the Black Panther Party
                exists in the spirit of Malcolm . . . the Party is a living testament
                to his life and work.




                Quoted in The Huey P. Newton Reader



                As David Hilliard observes in his introduction to The Huey P. Newton Reader,




                Although Huey and co-founder Bobby Seale did not aspire to replicate
                Malcolm's Organization of Afro-American Unity, the fledgling political
                entity whose fruition was cut short by his murder in February 1965,
                Malcolm's teachings were nevertheless fundamental in structuring the
                Black Panther Party for Self-Defense, as the group was originally
                named in October 1966.




                Malcolm X not the only person who inspired the BPP, though. Mao, Frantz Fanon and Ghanaian President Kwame Nkrumah (among others) also influenced the BPP founders, especially Newton. Books by Malcolm X, Fanon and Nkrumah were at the top of the BPP's required required reading list.



                The BPP's leftist orientation and willingness to work with other leftist organizations regardless of race set them very apart from the Nation of Islam. Although the two groups did share some aims, their methods and ideologies were very different. Seale does not mention the NOI even once in Seize the Time.



                When at Oakland City College, Newton had heard Malcolm X and Muhammed Ali speak and, while "impressed with the objectives and overall program" of the NOI (of which Malcolm and Ali were then members), rejected the organization. He later explained




                By this time, I had had enough of religion and could not bring myself
                to adopt another one. I needed a more concrete understanding of social
                conditions. References to God or Allah did not satisfy my stubborn
                thirst for answers.




                Quoted in: Judson L. Jeffries, Huey P. Newton: The Radical Theorist





                Other source:



                Judson L. Jeffries (ed), On the Ground: The Black Panther Party in Communities across America






                share|improve this answer














                Both of the party's founders Bobby Seale and Huey P. Newton were inspired and influenced by the 'post-Nation of Islam' Malcom X. However, the Black Panther Party (BPP) largely rejected the Nation of Islam's (NOI) approach as they deemed it not active enough (among several other things). Nonetheless, the BPP's initial Ten Point Program bore a close resemblance to that of the Nation of Islam



                Bobby Seale's book Seize the Time: The Story of the Black Panther Party mentions Malcolm X numerous times, and leaves little doubt that he was an inspiration. For example, Seale writes:




                Malcolm X had advocated armed self-defense against the racist power
                structure and show the racist white power structure that we intend to
                use the guns to defend our people. All these cultural nationalists,
                these underground RAM bastards, all of them, were scared and rejected
                it....The only people hanging on
                to it were Huey P. Newton leading it and me




                Note: by 'cultural nationalists', Seale was referring to the NOI, among others.



                More specifically on guns, Seale says:




                ...we wanted these guns to begin to institutionalize and let black
                people know that we have to defend ourselves as Malcolm X said we
                must.




                The BPP, of course, became notorious for their open displays of weapons and numerous confrontations with the police. It's also worth noting that when the party was founded (in Oct. 1966), it was orginally called the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense



                Seale also relates how he "cried like a baby....I was ready to die that day" when he heard Malcolm X had been shot (in Feb 1965). In another passage, Seale says of his co-founder:




                Malcolm X talked about organization and doing things, and righteously
                going out there and doing it. The cultural nationalists, on the other
                hand, wanted to sit down and articulate bullshit, while Huey P. Newton
                wanted to go out and implement stuff.




                enter image description here



                Source: Pinterest



                In a 1988 interview, Seale mentioned several influences and stressed the importance of learning, among other things, more about US history:




                Huey and I had been involved for some time, off and on, studying Black
                history, what have you, what Malcolm had done...I was highly
                influenced by Martin Luther King at first and then later Malcolm X.
                Largely the Black Panther Party come out of a lot of readings.... And there we were with all this knowledge about our history, our struggle against racism and when we started the Black Panther Party it was more or less based
                on where Malcolm was coming from, where our struggle was, an argument
                about the Civil Rights Movement not learning to own property...




                On Malcom X and the BPP's origins, Huey P. Newton wrote:




                Malcolm X was the first political person in this country that I really
                identified with...We continue to believe that the Black Panther Party
                exists in the spirit of Malcolm . . . the Party is a living testament
                to his life and work.




                Quoted in The Huey P. Newton Reader



                As David Hilliard observes in his introduction to The Huey P. Newton Reader,




                Although Huey and co-founder Bobby Seale did not aspire to replicate
                Malcolm's Organization of Afro-American Unity, the fledgling political
                entity whose fruition was cut short by his murder in February 1965,
                Malcolm's teachings were nevertheless fundamental in structuring the
                Black Panther Party for Self-Defense, as the group was originally
                named in October 1966.




                Malcolm X not the only person who inspired the BPP, though. Mao, Frantz Fanon and Ghanaian President Kwame Nkrumah (among others) also influenced the BPP founders, especially Newton. Books by Malcolm X, Fanon and Nkrumah were at the top of the BPP's required required reading list.



                The BPP's leftist orientation and willingness to work with other leftist organizations regardless of race set them very apart from the Nation of Islam. Although the two groups did share some aims, their methods and ideologies were very different. Seale does not mention the NOI even once in Seize the Time.



                When at Oakland City College, Newton had heard Malcolm X and Muhammed Ali speak and, while "impressed with the objectives and overall program" of the NOI (of which Malcolm and Ali were then members), rejected the organization. He later explained




                By this time, I had had enough of religion and could not bring myself
                to adopt another one. I needed a more concrete understanding of social
                conditions. References to God or Allah did not satisfy my stubborn
                thirst for answers.




                Quoted in: Judson L. Jeffries, Huey P. Newton: The Radical Theorist





                Other source:



                Judson L. Jeffries (ed), On the Ground: The Black Panther Party in Communities across America







                share|improve this answer














                share|improve this answer



                share|improve this answer








                edited Dec 1 at 14:58

























                answered Nov 29 at 11:10









                Lars Bosteen

                35.8k8172235




                35.8k8172235






























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