Does a Vertex Cover exist?











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This should be a simple question, but I am a little bit confused.



A proof on page 556 of Algorithm Design says:



"Let $e=(u, v)$ be any edge of $G$. The graph $G$ has a vertex cover of size at most $k$ if and only if at least one of the graphs $G-{u}$ and $G-{v}$ has a vertex cover of size at most $k-1$."



But when I try the following example where the black ball shows a vertex cover, it seems to be faulty statement. Because $k$ remains as $k$ (not $k-1$) even after deletion of vertex $u$. Moreover, if I delete the vertex $v$, there would be no vertex cover left.



What is wrong about my deduction and example?



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    up vote
    2
    down vote

    favorite












    This should be a simple question, but I am a little bit confused.



    A proof on page 556 of Algorithm Design says:



    "Let $e=(u, v)$ be any edge of $G$. The graph $G$ has a vertex cover of size at most $k$ if and only if at least one of the graphs $G-{u}$ and $G-{v}$ has a vertex cover of size at most $k-1$."



    But when I try the following example where the black ball shows a vertex cover, it seems to be faulty statement. Because $k$ remains as $k$ (not $k-1$) even after deletion of vertex $u$. Moreover, if I delete the vertex $v$, there would be no vertex cover left.



    What is wrong about my deduction and example?



    enter image description here










    share|cite|improve this question


























      up vote
      2
      down vote

      favorite









      up vote
      2
      down vote

      favorite











      This should be a simple question, but I am a little bit confused.



      A proof on page 556 of Algorithm Design says:



      "Let $e=(u, v)$ be any edge of $G$. The graph $G$ has a vertex cover of size at most $k$ if and only if at least one of the graphs $G-{u}$ and $G-{v}$ has a vertex cover of size at most $k-1$."



      But when I try the following example where the black ball shows a vertex cover, it seems to be faulty statement. Because $k$ remains as $k$ (not $k-1$) even after deletion of vertex $u$. Moreover, if I delete the vertex $v$, there would be no vertex cover left.



      What is wrong about my deduction and example?



      enter image description here










      share|cite|improve this question















      This should be a simple question, but I am a little bit confused.



      A proof on page 556 of Algorithm Design says:



      "Let $e=(u, v)$ be any edge of $G$. The graph $G$ has a vertex cover of size at most $k$ if and only if at least one of the graphs $G-{u}$ and $G-{v}$ has a vertex cover of size at most $k-1$."



      But when I try the following example where the black ball shows a vertex cover, it seems to be faulty statement. Because $k$ remains as $k$ (not $k-1$) even after deletion of vertex $u$. Moreover, if I delete the vertex $v$, there would be no vertex cover left.



      What is wrong about my deduction and example?



      enter image description here







      graphs graph-theory






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      edited Dec 4 at 4:35

























      asked Dec 4 at 4:20









      Reza Hadi

      254




      254






















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          If you delete the vertex $v$, then there are no edges left at all, and so there is a vertex cover of size $0 leq k-1$.



          Why is the statement true in the first place? Suppose that $G$ has a vertex cover $C$ of size $k$. Since $(u,v)$ is an edge, $C$ must contain at least one of $u,v$, say $v$. I claim that $C setminus v$ is a vertex cover of $G setminus v$, from which the statement immediately follows. Indeed, let $(a,b)$ be any edge of $G setminus v$. Then $(a,b) in G$, and so $C$ contains one of $a,b$, say $a$. By construction, $a neq v$, and so $a in C setminus v$.






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            up vote
            3
            down vote



            accepted










            If you delete the vertex $v$, then there are no edges left at all, and so there is a vertex cover of size $0 leq k-1$.



            Why is the statement true in the first place? Suppose that $G$ has a vertex cover $C$ of size $k$. Since $(u,v)$ is an edge, $C$ must contain at least one of $u,v$, say $v$. I claim that $C setminus v$ is a vertex cover of $G setminus v$, from which the statement immediately follows. Indeed, let $(a,b)$ be any edge of $G setminus v$. Then $(a,b) in G$, and so $C$ contains one of $a,b$, say $a$. By construction, $a neq v$, and so $a in C setminus v$.






            share|cite|improve this answer

























              up vote
              3
              down vote



              accepted










              If you delete the vertex $v$, then there are no edges left at all, and so there is a vertex cover of size $0 leq k-1$.



              Why is the statement true in the first place? Suppose that $G$ has a vertex cover $C$ of size $k$. Since $(u,v)$ is an edge, $C$ must contain at least one of $u,v$, say $v$. I claim that $C setminus v$ is a vertex cover of $G setminus v$, from which the statement immediately follows. Indeed, let $(a,b)$ be any edge of $G setminus v$. Then $(a,b) in G$, and so $C$ contains one of $a,b$, say $a$. By construction, $a neq v$, and so $a in C setminus v$.






              share|cite|improve this answer























                up vote
                3
                down vote



                accepted







                up vote
                3
                down vote



                accepted






                If you delete the vertex $v$, then there are no edges left at all, and so there is a vertex cover of size $0 leq k-1$.



                Why is the statement true in the first place? Suppose that $G$ has a vertex cover $C$ of size $k$. Since $(u,v)$ is an edge, $C$ must contain at least one of $u,v$, say $v$. I claim that $C setminus v$ is a vertex cover of $G setminus v$, from which the statement immediately follows. Indeed, let $(a,b)$ be any edge of $G setminus v$. Then $(a,b) in G$, and so $C$ contains one of $a,b$, say $a$. By construction, $a neq v$, and so $a in C setminus v$.






                share|cite|improve this answer












                If you delete the vertex $v$, then there are no edges left at all, and so there is a vertex cover of size $0 leq k-1$.



                Why is the statement true in the first place? Suppose that $G$ has a vertex cover $C$ of size $k$. Since $(u,v)$ is an edge, $C$ must contain at least one of $u,v$, say $v$. I claim that $C setminus v$ is a vertex cover of $G setminus v$, from which the statement immediately follows. Indeed, let $(a,b)$ be any edge of $G setminus v$. Then $(a,b) in G$, and so $C$ contains one of $a,b$, say $a$. By construction, $a neq v$, and so $a in C setminus v$.







                share|cite|improve this answer












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                share|cite|improve this answer










                answered Dec 4 at 4:52









                Yuval Filmus

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                188k12177339






























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