Escape character in LaTeX











up vote
114
down vote

favorite
46












I need to output the below text but since is a special character, I cannot:



[RegularExpression(@"d+")]


Also sometimes I need use dollar sign $ as well but it seems to be a special char, too.



What is the way to escape those in LaTeX?



UPDATE:



I used verb as suggested but I am unable to run commands inside it. Also, in the output the font and the opacity of the text is different than the default one:



verb|[RegularExpression(newline @"d+")]|









share|improve this question




















  • 2




    In short: cespedes.org/blog/85/how-to-escape-latex-special-characters
    – caw
    Oct 10 '13 at 0:09















up vote
114
down vote

favorite
46












I need to output the below text but since is a special character, I cannot:



[RegularExpression(@"d+")]


Also sometimes I need use dollar sign $ as well but it seems to be a special char, too.



What is the way to escape those in LaTeX?



UPDATE:



I used verb as suggested but I am unable to run commands inside it. Also, in the output the font and the opacity of the text is different than the default one:



verb|[RegularExpression(newline @"d+")]|









share|improve this question




















  • 2




    In short: cespedes.org/blog/85/how-to-escape-latex-special-characters
    – caw
    Oct 10 '13 at 0:09













up vote
114
down vote

favorite
46









up vote
114
down vote

favorite
46






46





I need to output the below text but since is a special character, I cannot:



[RegularExpression(@"d+")]


Also sometimes I need use dollar sign $ as well but it seems to be a special char, too.



What is the way to escape those in LaTeX?



UPDATE:



I used verb as suggested but I am unable to run commands inside it. Also, in the output the font and the opacity of the text is different than the default one:



verb|[RegularExpression(newline @"d+")]|









share|improve this question















I need to output the below text but since is a special character, I cannot:



[RegularExpression(@"d+")]


Also sometimes I need use dollar sign $ as well but it seems to be a special char, too.



What is the way to escape those in LaTeX?



UPDATE:



I used verb as suggested but I am unable to run commands inside it. Also, in the output the font and the opacity of the text is different than the default one:



verb|[RegularExpression(newline @"d+")]|






symbols tex-core characters






share|improve this question















share|improve this question













share|improve this question




share|improve this question








edited Mar 25 '12 at 0:27









lockstep

189k52585719




189k52585719










asked Nov 12 '11 at 15:55









tugberk

1,31741824




1,31741824








  • 2




    In short: cespedes.org/blog/85/how-to-escape-latex-special-characters
    – caw
    Oct 10 '13 at 0:09














  • 2




    In short: cespedes.org/blog/85/how-to-escape-latex-special-characters
    – caw
    Oct 10 '13 at 0:09








2




2




In short: cespedes.org/blog/85/how-to-escape-latex-special-characters
– caw
Oct 10 '13 at 0:09




In short: cespedes.org/blog/85/how-to-escape-latex-special-characters
– caw
Oct 10 '13 at 0:09










3 Answers
3






active

oldest

votes

















up vote
181
down vote



accepted










The following ten characters have special meanings in (La)TeX:




& % $ # _ { } ~ ^




Outside verb, the first seven of them can be typeset by prepending a backslash; for the other three, use the macros textasciitilde, textasciicircum, and textbackslash.



documentclass{article}

begin{document}

& % $ # _ { }

textasciitilde

textasciicircum

textbackslash

end{document}


enter image description here



Note that the seven "single non-letter" macros don't gobble the space following them.
For the last three that do gobble up the space after them you can try one of these methods to add space.






share|improve this answer























  • In pdfLaTeX I have defined a new command textampersand by using newcommand*{textampersand}[0]{&} or renewcommand*{textampersand}[0]{&}. In XeLaTeX it is already available, I think.
    – matth
    May 9 '12 at 17:35












  • In terms of preventing characters gobbling the space after them, you can use usepackage{xspace} and then xspace directly after the character that might gobble the space to prevent this.
    – Savara
    Dec 1 '15 at 12:24










  • It's worth adding that [ (and ]) also have a special meaning in certain circumstances. For example item [a]bc will not print [a]bc (as it will be considered as an option passed to the command).
    – kebs
    Nov 11 at 8:00


















up vote
26
down vote













Usually text like that is typeset in typewriter type and so there's a slick way to arrange it



verb|[RegularExpression(@"d+")]|


After verb should go a character that's not used in the text to print "verbatim" and the same character should follow the text.



This command has a drawback: it can't be used in the argument of other commands.



There's a second "solution" which can come handy if it's needed a limited number of times:



texttt{[RegularExpression(@"stringd+")]}


where commands inside the argument to texttt are allowed. It's not even necessary to use texttt:



textsf{[RegularExpression(@"stringd+")]}


will work as well (when T1 font encoding is active) and will print the string in sans serif type.






share|improve this answer



















  • 2




    first solution is nice but I cannot use commands inside it. second solution breaks my entire document. Does every single little thing have to be so hard in LaTeX :)
    – tugberk
    Nov 12 '11 at 16:22










  • Would you please modify your question and show some more cases?
    – egreg
    Nov 12 '11 at 16:27










  • sure, see it. I updated!
    – tugberk
    Nov 12 '11 at 16:31






  • 2




    @egreg: in your definition of pseudoverb, you've got [1} instead of [1]. And a drawback you don't mention of detokenize is that it inserts spaces after macros names with more than one character (not sure if it's relevant for regular expressions).
    – Philippe Goutet
    Nov 12 '11 at 22:11










  • @PhilippeGoutet Yes, you're right; I've deleted that part
    – egreg
    Nov 12 '11 at 22:14


















up vote
10
down vote













I needed a way to escape all special characters and I found this Perl function:



sub latex_escape {
my $paragraph = shift;

# Replace a with $backslash$
# This is made more complicated because the dollars will be escaped
# by the subsequent replacement. Easiest to add backslash
# now and then add the dollars
$paragraph =~ s/\/\backslash/g;

# Must be done after escape of since this command adds latex escapes
# Replace characters that can be escaped
$paragraph =~ s/([$#&%_{}])/\$1/g;

# Replace ^ characters with ^{} so that $^F works okay
$paragraph =~ s/(^)/\$1{}/g;

# Replace tilde (~) with texttt{~{}}
$paragraph =~ s/~/\texttt{\~{}}/g;

# Now add the dollars around each backslash
$paragraph =~ s/(\backslash)/$$1$/g;
return $paragraph;
}


For example it will convert this:



& % $ # _ { } ~ ^  today


into this:



& % $ # _ {  } texttt{~{}} ^{} $backslash$ $backslash$today





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    3 Answers
    3






    active

    oldest

    votes








    3 Answers
    3






    active

    oldest

    votes









    active

    oldest

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    active

    oldest

    votes








    up vote
    181
    down vote



    accepted










    The following ten characters have special meanings in (La)TeX:




    & % $ # _ { } ~ ^




    Outside verb, the first seven of them can be typeset by prepending a backslash; for the other three, use the macros textasciitilde, textasciicircum, and textbackslash.



    documentclass{article}

    begin{document}

    & % $ # _ { }

    textasciitilde

    textasciicircum

    textbackslash

    end{document}


    enter image description here



    Note that the seven "single non-letter" macros don't gobble the space following them.
    For the last three that do gobble up the space after them you can try one of these methods to add space.






    share|improve this answer























    • In pdfLaTeX I have defined a new command textampersand by using newcommand*{textampersand}[0]{&} or renewcommand*{textampersand}[0]{&}. In XeLaTeX it is already available, I think.
      – matth
      May 9 '12 at 17:35












    • In terms of preventing characters gobbling the space after them, you can use usepackage{xspace} and then xspace directly after the character that might gobble the space to prevent this.
      – Savara
      Dec 1 '15 at 12:24










    • It's worth adding that [ (and ]) also have a special meaning in certain circumstances. For example item [a]bc will not print [a]bc (as it will be considered as an option passed to the command).
      – kebs
      Nov 11 at 8:00















    up vote
    181
    down vote



    accepted










    The following ten characters have special meanings in (La)TeX:




    & % $ # _ { } ~ ^




    Outside verb, the first seven of them can be typeset by prepending a backslash; for the other three, use the macros textasciitilde, textasciicircum, and textbackslash.



    documentclass{article}

    begin{document}

    & % $ # _ { }

    textasciitilde

    textasciicircum

    textbackslash

    end{document}


    enter image description here



    Note that the seven "single non-letter" macros don't gobble the space following them.
    For the last three that do gobble up the space after them you can try one of these methods to add space.






    share|improve this answer























    • In pdfLaTeX I have defined a new command textampersand by using newcommand*{textampersand}[0]{&} or renewcommand*{textampersand}[0]{&}. In XeLaTeX it is already available, I think.
      – matth
      May 9 '12 at 17:35












    • In terms of preventing characters gobbling the space after them, you can use usepackage{xspace} and then xspace directly after the character that might gobble the space to prevent this.
      – Savara
      Dec 1 '15 at 12:24










    • It's worth adding that [ (and ]) also have a special meaning in certain circumstances. For example item [a]bc will not print [a]bc (as it will be considered as an option passed to the command).
      – kebs
      Nov 11 at 8:00













    up vote
    181
    down vote



    accepted







    up vote
    181
    down vote



    accepted






    The following ten characters have special meanings in (La)TeX:




    & % $ # _ { } ~ ^




    Outside verb, the first seven of them can be typeset by prepending a backslash; for the other three, use the macros textasciitilde, textasciicircum, and textbackslash.



    documentclass{article}

    begin{document}

    & % $ # _ { }

    textasciitilde

    textasciicircum

    textbackslash

    end{document}


    enter image description here



    Note that the seven "single non-letter" macros don't gobble the space following them.
    For the last three that do gobble up the space after them you can try one of these methods to add space.






    share|improve this answer














    The following ten characters have special meanings in (La)TeX:




    & % $ # _ { } ~ ^




    Outside verb, the first seven of them can be typeset by prepending a backslash; for the other three, use the macros textasciitilde, textasciicircum, and textbackslash.



    documentclass{article}

    begin{document}

    & % $ # _ { }

    textasciitilde

    textasciicircum

    textbackslash

    end{document}


    enter image description here



    Note that the seven "single non-letter" macros don't gobble the space following them.
    For the last three that do gobble up the space after them you can try one of these methods to add space.







    share|improve this answer














    share|improve this answer



    share|improve this answer








    edited Apr 13 '17 at 12:35









    Community

    1




    1










    answered Nov 12 '11 at 16:41









    lockstep

    189k52585719




    189k52585719












    • In pdfLaTeX I have defined a new command textampersand by using newcommand*{textampersand}[0]{&} or renewcommand*{textampersand}[0]{&}. In XeLaTeX it is already available, I think.
      – matth
      May 9 '12 at 17:35












    • In terms of preventing characters gobbling the space after them, you can use usepackage{xspace} and then xspace directly after the character that might gobble the space to prevent this.
      – Savara
      Dec 1 '15 at 12:24










    • It's worth adding that [ (and ]) also have a special meaning in certain circumstances. For example item [a]bc will not print [a]bc (as it will be considered as an option passed to the command).
      – kebs
      Nov 11 at 8:00


















    • In pdfLaTeX I have defined a new command textampersand by using newcommand*{textampersand}[0]{&} or renewcommand*{textampersand}[0]{&}. In XeLaTeX it is already available, I think.
      – matth
      May 9 '12 at 17:35












    • In terms of preventing characters gobbling the space after them, you can use usepackage{xspace} and then xspace directly after the character that might gobble the space to prevent this.
      – Savara
      Dec 1 '15 at 12:24










    • It's worth adding that [ (and ]) also have a special meaning in certain circumstances. For example item [a]bc will not print [a]bc (as it will be considered as an option passed to the command).
      – kebs
      Nov 11 at 8:00
















    In pdfLaTeX I have defined a new command textampersand by using newcommand*{textampersand}[0]{&} or renewcommand*{textampersand}[0]{&}. In XeLaTeX it is already available, I think.
    – matth
    May 9 '12 at 17:35






    In pdfLaTeX I have defined a new command textampersand by using newcommand*{textampersand}[0]{&} or renewcommand*{textampersand}[0]{&}. In XeLaTeX it is already available, I think.
    – matth
    May 9 '12 at 17:35














    In terms of preventing characters gobbling the space after them, you can use usepackage{xspace} and then xspace directly after the character that might gobble the space to prevent this.
    – Savara
    Dec 1 '15 at 12:24




    In terms of preventing characters gobbling the space after them, you can use usepackage{xspace} and then xspace directly after the character that might gobble the space to prevent this.
    – Savara
    Dec 1 '15 at 12:24












    It's worth adding that [ (and ]) also have a special meaning in certain circumstances. For example item [a]bc will not print [a]bc (as it will be considered as an option passed to the command).
    – kebs
    Nov 11 at 8:00




    It's worth adding that [ (and ]) also have a special meaning in certain circumstances. For example item [a]bc will not print [a]bc (as it will be considered as an option passed to the command).
    – kebs
    Nov 11 at 8:00










    up vote
    26
    down vote













    Usually text like that is typeset in typewriter type and so there's a slick way to arrange it



    verb|[RegularExpression(@"d+")]|


    After verb should go a character that's not used in the text to print "verbatim" and the same character should follow the text.



    This command has a drawback: it can't be used in the argument of other commands.



    There's a second "solution" which can come handy if it's needed a limited number of times:



    texttt{[RegularExpression(@"stringd+")]}


    where commands inside the argument to texttt are allowed. It's not even necessary to use texttt:



    textsf{[RegularExpression(@"stringd+")]}


    will work as well (when T1 font encoding is active) and will print the string in sans serif type.






    share|improve this answer



















    • 2




      first solution is nice but I cannot use commands inside it. second solution breaks my entire document. Does every single little thing have to be so hard in LaTeX :)
      – tugberk
      Nov 12 '11 at 16:22










    • Would you please modify your question and show some more cases?
      – egreg
      Nov 12 '11 at 16:27










    • sure, see it. I updated!
      – tugberk
      Nov 12 '11 at 16:31






    • 2




      @egreg: in your definition of pseudoverb, you've got [1} instead of [1]. And a drawback you don't mention of detokenize is that it inserts spaces after macros names with more than one character (not sure if it's relevant for regular expressions).
      – Philippe Goutet
      Nov 12 '11 at 22:11










    • @PhilippeGoutet Yes, you're right; I've deleted that part
      – egreg
      Nov 12 '11 at 22:14















    up vote
    26
    down vote













    Usually text like that is typeset in typewriter type and so there's a slick way to arrange it



    verb|[RegularExpression(@"d+")]|


    After verb should go a character that's not used in the text to print "verbatim" and the same character should follow the text.



    This command has a drawback: it can't be used in the argument of other commands.



    There's a second "solution" which can come handy if it's needed a limited number of times:



    texttt{[RegularExpression(@"stringd+")]}


    where commands inside the argument to texttt are allowed. It's not even necessary to use texttt:



    textsf{[RegularExpression(@"stringd+")]}


    will work as well (when T1 font encoding is active) and will print the string in sans serif type.






    share|improve this answer



















    • 2




      first solution is nice but I cannot use commands inside it. second solution breaks my entire document. Does every single little thing have to be so hard in LaTeX :)
      – tugberk
      Nov 12 '11 at 16:22










    • Would you please modify your question and show some more cases?
      – egreg
      Nov 12 '11 at 16:27










    • sure, see it. I updated!
      – tugberk
      Nov 12 '11 at 16:31






    • 2




      @egreg: in your definition of pseudoverb, you've got [1} instead of [1]. And a drawback you don't mention of detokenize is that it inserts spaces after macros names with more than one character (not sure if it's relevant for regular expressions).
      – Philippe Goutet
      Nov 12 '11 at 22:11










    • @PhilippeGoutet Yes, you're right; I've deleted that part
      – egreg
      Nov 12 '11 at 22:14













    up vote
    26
    down vote










    up vote
    26
    down vote









    Usually text like that is typeset in typewriter type and so there's a slick way to arrange it



    verb|[RegularExpression(@"d+")]|


    After verb should go a character that's not used in the text to print "verbatim" and the same character should follow the text.



    This command has a drawback: it can't be used in the argument of other commands.



    There's a second "solution" which can come handy if it's needed a limited number of times:



    texttt{[RegularExpression(@"stringd+")]}


    where commands inside the argument to texttt are allowed. It's not even necessary to use texttt:



    textsf{[RegularExpression(@"stringd+")]}


    will work as well (when T1 font encoding is active) and will print the string in sans serif type.






    share|improve this answer














    Usually text like that is typeset in typewriter type and so there's a slick way to arrange it



    verb|[RegularExpression(@"d+")]|


    After verb should go a character that's not used in the text to print "verbatim" and the same character should follow the text.



    This command has a drawback: it can't be used in the argument of other commands.



    There's a second "solution" which can come handy if it's needed a limited number of times:



    texttt{[RegularExpression(@"stringd+")]}


    where commands inside the argument to texttt are allowed. It's not even necessary to use texttt:



    textsf{[RegularExpression(@"stringd+")]}


    will work as well (when T1 font encoding is active) and will print the string in sans serif type.







    share|improve this answer














    share|improve this answer



    share|improve this answer








    edited Jan 3 '12 at 21:26

























    answered Nov 12 '11 at 16:04









    egreg

    703k8618743151




    703k8618743151








    • 2




      first solution is nice but I cannot use commands inside it. second solution breaks my entire document. Does every single little thing have to be so hard in LaTeX :)
      – tugberk
      Nov 12 '11 at 16:22










    • Would you please modify your question and show some more cases?
      – egreg
      Nov 12 '11 at 16:27










    • sure, see it. I updated!
      – tugberk
      Nov 12 '11 at 16:31






    • 2




      @egreg: in your definition of pseudoverb, you've got [1} instead of [1]. And a drawback you don't mention of detokenize is that it inserts spaces after macros names with more than one character (not sure if it's relevant for regular expressions).
      – Philippe Goutet
      Nov 12 '11 at 22:11










    • @PhilippeGoutet Yes, you're right; I've deleted that part
      – egreg
      Nov 12 '11 at 22:14














    • 2




      first solution is nice but I cannot use commands inside it. second solution breaks my entire document. Does every single little thing have to be so hard in LaTeX :)
      – tugberk
      Nov 12 '11 at 16:22










    • Would you please modify your question and show some more cases?
      – egreg
      Nov 12 '11 at 16:27










    • sure, see it. I updated!
      – tugberk
      Nov 12 '11 at 16:31






    • 2




      @egreg: in your definition of pseudoverb, you've got [1} instead of [1]. And a drawback you don't mention of detokenize is that it inserts spaces after macros names with more than one character (not sure if it's relevant for regular expressions).
      – Philippe Goutet
      Nov 12 '11 at 22:11










    • @PhilippeGoutet Yes, you're right; I've deleted that part
      – egreg
      Nov 12 '11 at 22:14








    2




    2




    first solution is nice but I cannot use commands inside it. second solution breaks my entire document. Does every single little thing have to be so hard in LaTeX :)
    – tugberk
    Nov 12 '11 at 16:22




    first solution is nice but I cannot use commands inside it. second solution breaks my entire document. Does every single little thing have to be so hard in LaTeX :)
    – tugberk
    Nov 12 '11 at 16:22












    Would you please modify your question and show some more cases?
    – egreg
    Nov 12 '11 at 16:27




    Would you please modify your question and show some more cases?
    – egreg
    Nov 12 '11 at 16:27












    sure, see it. I updated!
    – tugberk
    Nov 12 '11 at 16:31




    sure, see it. I updated!
    – tugberk
    Nov 12 '11 at 16:31




    2




    2




    @egreg: in your definition of pseudoverb, you've got [1} instead of [1]. And a drawback you don't mention of detokenize is that it inserts spaces after macros names with more than one character (not sure if it's relevant for regular expressions).
    – Philippe Goutet
    Nov 12 '11 at 22:11




    @egreg: in your definition of pseudoverb, you've got [1} instead of [1]. And a drawback you don't mention of detokenize is that it inserts spaces after macros names with more than one character (not sure if it's relevant for regular expressions).
    – Philippe Goutet
    Nov 12 '11 at 22:11












    @PhilippeGoutet Yes, you're right; I've deleted that part
    – egreg
    Nov 12 '11 at 22:14




    @PhilippeGoutet Yes, you're right; I've deleted that part
    – egreg
    Nov 12 '11 at 22:14










    up vote
    10
    down vote













    I needed a way to escape all special characters and I found this Perl function:



    sub latex_escape {
    my $paragraph = shift;

    # Replace a with $backslash$
    # This is made more complicated because the dollars will be escaped
    # by the subsequent replacement. Easiest to add backslash
    # now and then add the dollars
    $paragraph =~ s/\/\backslash/g;

    # Must be done after escape of since this command adds latex escapes
    # Replace characters that can be escaped
    $paragraph =~ s/([$#&%_{}])/\$1/g;

    # Replace ^ characters with ^{} so that $^F works okay
    $paragraph =~ s/(^)/\$1{}/g;

    # Replace tilde (~) with texttt{~{}}
    $paragraph =~ s/~/\texttt{\~{}}/g;

    # Now add the dollars around each backslash
    $paragraph =~ s/(\backslash)/$$1$/g;
    return $paragraph;
    }


    For example it will convert this:



    & % $ # _ { } ~ ^  today


    into this:



    & % $ # _ {  } texttt{~{}} ^{} $backslash$ $backslash$today





    share|improve this answer



























      up vote
      10
      down vote













      I needed a way to escape all special characters and I found this Perl function:



      sub latex_escape {
      my $paragraph = shift;

      # Replace a with $backslash$
      # This is made more complicated because the dollars will be escaped
      # by the subsequent replacement. Easiest to add backslash
      # now and then add the dollars
      $paragraph =~ s/\/\backslash/g;

      # Must be done after escape of since this command adds latex escapes
      # Replace characters that can be escaped
      $paragraph =~ s/([$#&%_{}])/\$1/g;

      # Replace ^ characters with ^{} so that $^F works okay
      $paragraph =~ s/(^)/\$1{}/g;

      # Replace tilde (~) with texttt{~{}}
      $paragraph =~ s/~/\texttt{\~{}}/g;

      # Now add the dollars around each backslash
      $paragraph =~ s/(\backslash)/$$1$/g;
      return $paragraph;
      }


      For example it will convert this:



      & % $ # _ { } ~ ^  today


      into this:



      & % $ # _ {  } texttt{~{}} ^{} $backslash$ $backslash$today





      share|improve this answer

























        up vote
        10
        down vote










        up vote
        10
        down vote









        I needed a way to escape all special characters and I found this Perl function:



        sub latex_escape {
        my $paragraph = shift;

        # Replace a with $backslash$
        # This is made more complicated because the dollars will be escaped
        # by the subsequent replacement. Easiest to add backslash
        # now and then add the dollars
        $paragraph =~ s/\/\backslash/g;

        # Must be done after escape of since this command adds latex escapes
        # Replace characters that can be escaped
        $paragraph =~ s/([$#&%_{}])/\$1/g;

        # Replace ^ characters with ^{} so that $^F works okay
        $paragraph =~ s/(^)/\$1{}/g;

        # Replace tilde (~) with texttt{~{}}
        $paragraph =~ s/~/\texttt{\~{}}/g;

        # Now add the dollars around each backslash
        $paragraph =~ s/(\backslash)/$$1$/g;
        return $paragraph;
        }


        For example it will convert this:



        & % $ # _ { } ~ ^  today


        into this:



        & % $ # _ {  } texttt{~{}} ^{} $backslash$ $backslash$today





        share|improve this answer














        I needed a way to escape all special characters and I found this Perl function:



        sub latex_escape {
        my $paragraph = shift;

        # Replace a with $backslash$
        # This is made more complicated because the dollars will be escaped
        # by the subsequent replacement. Easiest to add backslash
        # now and then add the dollars
        $paragraph =~ s/\/\backslash/g;

        # Must be done after escape of since this command adds latex escapes
        # Replace characters that can be escaped
        $paragraph =~ s/([$#&%_{}])/\$1/g;

        # Replace ^ characters with ^{} so that $^F works okay
        $paragraph =~ s/(^)/\$1{}/g;

        # Replace tilde (~) with texttt{~{}}
        $paragraph =~ s/~/\texttt{\~{}}/g;

        # Now add the dollars around each backslash
        $paragraph =~ s/(\backslash)/$$1$/g;
        return $paragraph;
        }


        For example it will convert this:



        & % $ # _ { } ~ ^  today


        into this:



        & % $ # _ {  } texttt{~{}} ^{} $backslash$ $backslash$today






        share|improve this answer














        share|improve this answer



        share|improve this answer








        edited Dec 2 at 23:37









        Andrew

        30.3k34380




        30.3k34380










        answered Jun 16 '13 at 11:44









        ypid

        77179




        77179






























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